{
  "generated_at": "2026-10-06T00:31:11Z",
  "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json, papers/*/metadata.json, README.md and SKILL.md",
  "count": 220,
  "works": {
    "Friedman2026TemplateApproachReproducibleGenerative001": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026TemplateApproachReproducibleGenerative001",
      "abstract": "The reproducibility crisis in computational research is fundamentally structural: research artifacts are scattered across disconnected tools. template/ applies Infrastructure as Code to the research lifecycle, making the manuscript, test suite, and provenance chain version-controlled, deterministically buildable, and independently verifiable.",
      "keywords": [
        "reproducible research",
        "infrastructure as code",
        "build pipeline",
        "open science",
        "Model Context Protocol"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "All three exemplar projects (39, 505 and 65 tests) completed the pipeline, a reported 100% success rate with zero mock violations.",
        "Total pipeline duration across the three projects was ~125s on Apple M-series hardware, ~42s per project on average.",
        "The infrastructure suite of ~3,083 tests reached 83%+ coverage against a 60% threshold, with zero mock violations.",
        "The comparative feature analysis is reported to show template/ uniquely combining eleven distinctive capabilities in one enforced pipeline.",
        "Among stated limitations, the provenance layer offers SHA-256 tamper detection but not cryptographic non-repudiation, since it lacks private-key signatures."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Two-Layer Architecture: 12 shared infrastructure subpackages + standalone projects — template/ separates a reusable infrastructure/ layer (~150 Python modules) from self-contained projects/ workspaces that consume it.",
        "Eight-stage build pipeline from environment setup to LLM review — Stages run sequentially: setup, tests with coverage, analysis scripts, Pandoc/XeLaTeX rendering, hashing/watermarking, PDF validation, LLM review.",
        "Zero-Mock testing policy with 90%/60% coverage gates — Tests use real filesystem operations and subprocesses instead of mocks, with coverage thresholds of 90% for projects and 60% for infrastructure.",
        "SHA-256 hashing with steganographic watermarking for provenance — Rendered PDFs carry SHA-256 hashes in metadata plus alpha-channel overlays and QR codes for tamper detection.",
        "Multi-project evaluation and feature comparison with peer tools — Three exemplar projects were run through the pipeline in a fast configuration that skips infrastructure tests and LLM review; template/ was also compared with peer tools on fourteen dimensions."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ReproducibleResearch/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ReproducibleResearch/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ActiveInferenceJournal500002": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ActiveInferenceJournal500002",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2026BeforePragmatismHadName003": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026BeforePragmatismHadName003",
      "abstract": "Before Pragmatism Had a Name examines how William Blake's America: A Prophecy anticipates American anticipatory epistemology. The paper identifies six structural convergences between Blake's prophetic vision and pragmatist philosophy, arguing that Blake's visionary epistemology prefigures key concepts in American pragmatism (Peirce, Dewey, James) before the formal emergence of the pragmatist tradition.",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "pragmatism",
        "anticipatory epistemology",
        "America a Prophecy",
        "Peirce",
        "Dewey",
        "James",
        "prophetic vision"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper maps Orc's revolutionary fire to Peirce's irritation of doubt, and the Thirteen Angels' collective transformation to Mead's socially constituted self.",
        "It reads Blake's Four Zoas as a proto-cognitive architecture anticipating Active Inference's factorized generative model, with fragmentation as 'Newton's Sleep'.",
        "A sixth dimension links Fuller and Applewhite's Synergetics (tetrahedron replacing cube) to Blake's anti-Newtonian stance and Peirce's pragmatic maxim.",
        "The author argues the convergences are structural rather than analogical and formalizes them with Markov blankets, generative models, precision weighting and multi-agent belief alignment.",
        "Proposed implications span computational psychiatry, digital humanities, and AI alignment (Fourfold Vision as corrective to next-token prediction)."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Primary textual analysis of Blake's America a Prophecy (Erdman edition) — Each convergence dimension is grounded in verified quotations from America a Prophecy, using Erdman's edition as the source.",
        "Structural-correspondence method rather than causal or genealogical claims — The manuscript identifies shared topological features across Blake, Pragmatism and Active Inference without claiming historical influence.",
        "Synthesis of pragmatist scholarship from Peirce to Brandom — Six convergence dimensions are developed against an account of American Pragmatism informed by Menand, Misak and Bernstein.",
        "Active Inference formalization in a nine-row triadic synthesis atlas — Uses Parr, Pezzulo and Friston (2022) as technical reference to map nine Blake–Pragmatism–Active Inference correspondences (Table 6)."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_BeforePragmatism/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_BeforePragmatism/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026GoldenCompassLunarFlux004": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026GoldenCompassLunarFlux004",
      "abstract": "This manuscript overlays the history of British and American bimetallism with the mythopoetic architecture of William Blake’s prophetic corpus, reading the disintegration of the gold–silver standard as a material enactment of the catastrophic cosmological fracture Blake dramatized. We trace this trajectory from the Newtonian golden compass of rigid, atomistic metrology, identifying the 1717 Mint ratio (1:15.21) not merely as a failed economic policy but as the operationalization of \"Newton's sleep\"—a cognitive pathology of pathologically rigid priors that crushed variable sensory evidence of silver’s circulation. This Urizenic enclosure unleashed Gresham's entropy, draining silver and hollowing out domestic coinage, leading to the 1797 Bank Restriction and the subsequent 1816 codification of a golden \"Single Vision\". This entropic pattern resonated transatlantically, reflecting the revolutionary rupture Blake experienced in America a Prophecy (1793). The American metallic monetary arc resembeled the British descent into the \"Ulro\" of fiat abstraction: from Alexander Hamilton's initial 15:1 bimetallic synthesis through the metallic enclosure of the \"Crime of 1873,\" and culminating in William Jennings Bryan's resistance to the \"Cross of Gold\" (1896). Against the \"chimeric measurement\" of the Bank of England and modern fiat systems, which rely on the arithmetic of compounding imperial debt, Blake’s fourfold view provides a scaffold and vocabulary for resisting the totalizing enclosure of value. We reconstruct Blake’s prophetic economics as a sustained phenomenological account and analogy of financialized alienation. Ultimately, this manuscript bridges early industrial commodity fetishism, William Blake's etching, and the contemporary (2020–2026) monetary environment.",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "Bimetallism",
        "Active Inference",
        "Newton",
        "Gresham's Law",
        "Hamilton",
        "William Jennings Bryan",
        "Value",
        "Economic History",
        "Prophetic Economics"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The author reads Newton's 1717 Mint ratio (1:15.21) as an operationalization of 'Newton's sleep', a rigid prior that ignored evidence of silver's circulation.",
        "The essay argues the 1816 Coinage Act erased the bimetallic tension by tokenizing silver rather than synthesizing the two metals.",
        "It proposes epistemic bimetallism as a general norm for biological or institutional systems, avoiding both rigid 'Single Vision' and unconstrained scepticism.",
        "The conclusion frames epistemic bimetallism as a refusal to let any single abstraction stand in for the full valuation of persons, rather than a policy prescription."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Overlay of British/American bimetallic history with Blake's prophetic corpus — Reads monetary events from the 1717 Mint ratio to the 1896 'Cross of Gold' alongside Blake's illuminated works as parallel narratives.",
        "Close reading of Blake's texts and plates against monetary acts — Attends to Blake's specific textual attacks on gold, metallurgical imagery, and plate compositions while treating the 1797 and 1816 acts as 'topological fractures'.",
        "Velde border conditions for bimetallic circulation — Uses Velde's inequality on world monetary demand shares to frame the 1816 Coinage Act's tokenization of silver as violating the conditions for concurrent circulation.",
        "Active Inference expected free energy as an analogy for value — Maps the pragmatic/epistemic split of expected free energy onto gold/silver to propose an 'epistemic bimetallism', drawing also on Sabine's CRR framework."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_Bimetalism/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_Bimetalism/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CognitiveIntegrityFrameworkFormal005": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CognitiveIntegrityFrameworkFormal005",
      "abstract": "Multiagent AI systems introduce cognitive attack surfaces absent in single-model inference. When agents delegate to agents, forming beliefs about beliefs through recursive trust hierarchies, manipulation of reasoning processes—rather than mere data corruption—becomes a primary security concern. This paper presents the Cognitive Integrity Framework (CIF), providing formal foundations for cognitive security in multiagent operators. We develop four interconnected theoretical contributions: a Trust Calculus with bounded delegation (exponential 𝛿𝑑 decay) that prevents trust amplification through delegation chains; a Defense Composition Algebra with series and parallel composition theorems establishing multiplicative detection bounds; Information-Theoretic Limits relating stealth constraints to maximum attack impact through a fundamental stealth-impact tradeoff; and a formal Adversary Hierarchy (Ω1–Ω5) characterizing external, peripheral, agent-level, coordination, and systemic threats with increasing capability and decreasing detectability. The framework provides complete coverage of the OWASP Top 10 for Agentic Applications through formal threat models grounded in cognitive state manipulation rather than traditional input/output filtering. CIF bridges classical security concepts with the cognitive requirements of agentic systems. We extend Byzantine fault tolerance to cognitive manipulation—agents that appear functional but hold corrupted beliefs—and adapt trust management systems to continuous trust evolution with provable decay bounds. The framework formalizes five architectural defense mechanisms (cognitive firewalls, belief sandboxing, behavioral tripwires, provenance tracking, Byzantine consensus) with composition rules enabling formal reasoning about layered security. Technical foundations include: operational semantics for message passing and trust updates; invariants for belief integrity, goal preservation, and trust boundedness; model checking configurations for safety property verification; and a complete notation system for attack parameterization, defense specification, and cognitive state representation. This is Part 1 of a three-part series: Part 1 (this paper, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364119) presents formal foundations and theoretical analysis; Part 2 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364128) provides computational validation and implementation; Part 3 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364130) offers practical deployment guidance. The framework will continue to be developed and versioned at https://github.com/docxology/cognitive_integrity/ .",
      "keywords": [
        "cognitive integrity",
        "multiagent security",
        "cognitive security",
        "Active Inference",
        "category theory",
        "formal foundations",
        "threat modeling"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Trust Boundedness theorem: delegated trust over a chain of depth d is at most δ^d, so trust cannot be amplified and vanishes exponentially with depth.",
        "The paper states a stealth-impact tradeoff as a theorem: high-impact attacks are easier to detect, while stealthy attacks have limited effect.",
        "The framework formalizes five architectural defenses with composition rules for reasoning about layered security.",
        "The author notes guarantees depend on assumptions (honest orchestrator, n ≥ 3f+1, authenticated channels) and that the O(n²) trust matrix limits deployment to moderate agent counts.",
        "Semantic-equivalence attacks, sub-threshold progressive drift, and orchestrator compromise are identified as formally difficult to detect."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Trust Calculus with bounded, exponentially decaying delegation — Formalizes delegated trust with decay factor δ per delegation step and proves bounds by induction on chain depth.",
        "Defense Composition Algebra (series/parallel detection) — Derives detection rates for series and parallel composition of defenses, assuming independent detection events.",
        "Information-theoretic attack/detection bounds — Relates attack entropy, mutual information with detector output, and channel capacity to bound detection rate and attack impact.",
        "Five-class adversary hierarchy (Ω1–Ω5) — Defines external, peripheral, agent-level, coordination, and systemic adversary classes and maps them to multiagent architectures and OWASP Agentic Top 10.",
        "Operational semantics, invariants, and model-checking configurations — Specifies operational semantics for message passing and trust updates, belief/goal/trust invariants, and model-checking setups for safety properties."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrity/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrity/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026PersonalYouTube200Livestreams006": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026PersonalYouTube200Livestreams006",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2026DoorsPerceptionAreThreshold007": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DoorsPerceptionAreThreshold007",
      "abstract": "Looking at the sun, William Blake saw an innumerable company of the heavenly host where Newton's heirs saw only a golden coin. \"If the doors of perception were cleansed,\" Blake wrote, \"every thing would appear to man as it is: infinite.\" This paper argues that Blake's prophetic vocabulary, far from being merely poetic, constitutes an anticipatory phenomenological insight into the cognitive architecture that Active Inference now formalizes mathematically. Blake's \"doors\" are statistical boundaries separating self from world; his \"Newton's sleep\" is the pathology of rigid priors crushing sensory evidence; his \"fourfold vision\" maps onto hierarchical precision-weighting across processing depths; his insistence that \"Imagination is the Human Existence itself\" anticipates the insight that selfhood is constituted by the generative model. These are not retrospective metaphors imposed on a Romantic poet, but convergent descriptions of the same perceptual territory, arrived at through radically different methods two centuries apart. We approach this convergence in the spirit of Hesse's Glass Bead Game: not as proof that one tradition vindicates or completes the other, but as a synthetic juxtaposition of Art and Science—two moves in the same ancient, ongoing game of making sense of sense-making. Through close reading of *The Marriage of Heaven and Hell*, *Milton*, *Jerusalem*, and other works, we trace eight structural correspondences between Blake's perceptual philosophy and the Active Inference framework: Boundary, Vision, States, Imagination, Time, Space, Action, and Collectives—the last encompassing Blake's Four Zoas as a factorized model of collective mind. Each correspondence begins with Blake's phenomenological fire—his exact words, his illuminated images—and follows the mathematical shadow that Active Inference casts across the same ground: Markov blankets, hierarchical generative models, precision dynamics, temporal depth, spatial inference, free energy minimization, and multi-agent coordination. The formalism developed by the Active Inference community provides mathematical precision, yet we resist treating it as a finished edifice; the framework is better understood as one contemporary articulation of principles that Blake, and traditions before him, grasped through other means. The synthesis contributes to both lineages: Blake scholarship gains formal grounding of insights long dismissed as mystical enthusiasm; cognitive science gains phenomenological depth, historical precedent, and the humbling recognition that its discoveries may be rediscoveries after all. The doors of perception have always been thresholds of prediction—Blake's visions and the equations point towards the same boundary, and the conversation between them remains open evermore. Epistemic status: \"delighted with the enjoyments\" of AI which \"look like torment and insanity\". Take all syntax and semantics with a \"grain of sand\". For my personal limitations and typographical errors I plead \"Mutual Forgiveness of each Vice\".",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "Active Inference",
        "perception",
        "prediction",
        "Thematic Atlas",
        "prophetic vision",
        "generative models",
        "Markov blankets"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper argues Blake's 'doors' correspond to statistical (Markov-blanket) boundaries and 'Newton's sleep' to rigid priors overriding sensory evidence.",
        "It maps 'fourfold vision' to hierarchical precision-weighting and Blake's view of Imagination to selfhood being constituted by the generative model.",
        "The author claims to provide specific formal mappings between Blake's prophetic system and Active Inference, beyond thematic analogy.",
        "Three empirical implications are proposed, concerning expert perception, precision modulation in contemplative practice, and psychedelic states.",
        "The paper acknowledges that its predictions remain untested and no experiment has directly tested the Blake–Active Inference correspondence."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Close reading of Blake's Marriage of Heaven and Hell, Milton, Jerusalem — Blake's texts (Erdman edition as textual authority) are read closely to extract perceptual-philosophy claims for comparison with Active Inference.",
        "Eight-theme correspondence mapping (Boundary to Collectives) with equations — Each theme pairs a Blake quotation/image with an Active Inference formalism such as Markov blankets, precision dynamics or multi-agent models.",
        "Review of FEP/Active Inference formalisms as theoretical foundation — Variational free energy, Markov blankets, hierarchical generative models, precision and expected free energy are presented before the synthesis.",
        "Four Zoas modeled as a factorized collective generative model — Blake's Four Zoas are interpreted as factors of a joint model of collective mind within the Collectives theme."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DoorsOfPerception/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DoorsOfPerception/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman20255thAppliedActiveInference008": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman20255thAppliedActiveInference008",
      "abstract": "This is the abstract for the Abstract Book for the 5th Applied Active Inference Symposium (Nov 12-14, 2025). The Active Inference Institute (AII) is an open-science institute dedicated to improving the accessibility, rigor, and applicability of the Active Inference framework. Included are the abstracts of the registered Presenters, who presented in a Live Session or submitted Pre-recorded Talks. All information: http://symposium.activeinference.institute/ Direct link to program: https://coda.io/d/_d08cdDbWwRy/Symposium-Program_surazvwP",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference symposium",
        "conference proceedings",
        "international symposium",
        "research presentations"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Sabine's CRR abstract reports that coherence appears to increase as the variational free energy bound decreases, proposing coherence as a proxy for uncertainty reduction.",
        "Montañez's abstract claims classical economic models such as Stigler's search and Simon's bounded rationality are special cases of active inference under specific conditions.",
        "Hinrichs's abstract presents a dyadic active inference framework for therapy linked to Forman-Ricci curvature of inter-brain hyperscanning networks."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Edited compilation of abstracts for the Nov 12-14, 2025 symposium — Collects presenter abstracts into a DOI-registered abstract book edited by Maria Luiza Iennaco and Daniel Friedman.",
        "Organization by session format: keynotes, pre-recorded, panels, workshops — Abstracts are grouped by presentation format, from Karl Friston's keynote to live-streamed panels and interactive workshops."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_5thSymposium/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_5thSymposium/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025AdaptiveBasicIncomeAuBI009": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025AdaptiveBasicIncomeAuBI009",
      "abstract": "Universal Basic Income (UBI) is defined as a transformative economic policy designed to provide all citizens with a regular, unconditional sum of money, regardless of their circumstances. Here we argue that the overlay of several modern technologies on UBI can help enhance its relevance, effectiveness, and impact. We review applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and decentralized infrastructure in UBI application, and describe prospects for a cognitive ecosystems approach towards modeling. Here we describe a version 0.1 specification for an Adaptive (Universal) Basic Income system called AuBI, describing a systems engineering-grade toolkit/sandbox/design suite for specifying, modeling, and designing economic systems. Keywords for AuBI include decentralized infrastructure, active inference modules, informed adaptive income, Bayesian community income floors, LLM, AI, data storage, data sovereignty, micro UBI, adaptive economic agents, collective predictive processing and more.",
      "keywords": [
        "AuBI",
        "Adaptive Basic Income",
        "Universal Basic Income",
        "decentralized infrastructure",
        "active inference modules",
        "data sovereignty",
        "adaptive economic agents"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that overlaying AI, decentralized infrastructure, and Active Inference on UBI can enhance its relevance, effectiveness, and impact.",
        "They distinguish BOPS as using prediction to maintain static security targets, versus GPI using prediction to dynamically optimize welfare.",
        "For real-world implementation they suggest a staged hybrid approach, starting with BOPS and gradually transitioning toward GPI.",
        "The paper proposes targeted micro-UBI studies as the actionable next step, e.g. an Indonesian pilot encouraging language self-study."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Version 0.1 system specification for an Adaptive Basic Income toolkit — Specifies AuBI as a systems-engineering toolkit/sandbox for specifying, modeling, and designing basic-income economic systems.",
        "Layered architecture: UX, services, AI/LLM + Active Inference, decentralized, data — Lays out five architectural layers, including an Active Inference engine using generative models and expected free energy for policy selection.",
        "Comparison of BOPS and GPI deployment archetypes — Contrasts a Baseline-Oriented Predictive System with Generative Predictive Integration across operational, implementation, efficiency, and context criteria.",
        "Indonesian micro-UBI thought experiments with projected metrics — Sketches four hypothetical Indonesian micro-studies (e.g. Dana Bahasa language fund) with budgets, data to collect, and expected benefits.",
        "Active Inference interpretation of UBI effects — Frames UBI as reducing environmental uncertainty and prediction errors, enabling exploratory behavior, and supporting collective predictive processing."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_AuBI/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_AuBI/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025CEREBRUMCaseEnabledReasoning010": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025CEREBRUMCaseEnabledReasoning010",
      "abstract": "<div>This paper introduces Case-Enabled Reasoning Engine with Bayesian Representations for Unified Modeling (CEREBRUM). CEREBRUM is a synthetic intelligence framework that integrates linguistic case systems with cognitive scientific principles to describe, design, and deploy generative models in an expressive fashion. By treating models as case-bearing entities that can play multiple contextual roles (e.g. like declinable nouns), CEREBRUM establishes a formal linguistic-type calculus for cognitive model use, relationships, and transformations. The CEREBRUM framework uses structures from category theory and modeling techniques related to the Free Energy Principle, in describing and utilizing models across contexts. CEREBRUM addresses the growing complexity in computational and cognitive modeling systems (e.g. generative, decentralized, agentic intelligences), by providing structured representations of model ecosystems that align with lexical ergonomics, scientific principles, and operational processes.</div>\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 at <a href=\"https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/CEREBRUM\">https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/CEREBRUM</a>&nbsp;</div>\n</div>\n</div>",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Introduces CEREBRUM, which treats models as case-bearing entities, like declinable nouns, to give a formal linguistic-type calculus for model use and transformation.",
        "Frames CEREBRUM as integrating cognitive systems modeling, Active Inference, linguistic case systems and intelligence production.",
        "Describes nominative-accusative, ergative-absolutive and tripartite alignment patterns for organizing model relationships.",
        "Proposes speculative novel cases beyond traditional grammar, including conjunctive, recursive and metaphorical cases.",
        "Releases the code that generates the paper as open source on GitHub as a 1.0 milestone."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Mapping linguistic case grammar onto generative model roles — Defines eight cases (NOM, ACC, GEN, DAT, INS, LOC, ABL, VOC), each specifying a relationship between models or between a model and data.",
        "Category-theoretic formalization of case transformations as morphisms — Treats models with case assignments as objects in a category and case transformations as morphisms between them.",
        "Variational free energy formulation of case transformations — Applies variational free energy calculations to model inference and structural case transformations, with per-case equations in a mathematical appendix.",
        "KL divergence, Fisher information and Lyapunov functions as metrics — Names these quantities as the metrics for assessing transformation efficacy and system stability.",
        "Worked example of a homeostatic thermostat model declined across cases — Illustrates how one thermostat model plays different functional roles in each case (e.g. predicting in NOM, being optimized in ACC)."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_CEREBRUM/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_CEREBRUM/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025ComputationalComplexityEnergeticsAnt011": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025ComputationalComplexityEnergeticsAnt011",
      "abstract": "We present a comprehensive computational complexity and energy analysis framework for the Ant Stack, an integrated biomimetic architecture for embodied artificial intelligence. Our investigation employs analytical models for contact dynamics physics, sparse spiking neural networks, and active inference to characterize complexity and energy consumption in real-time embodied systems operating at 100 Hz control frequencies. Energy efficiency has emerged as a critical constraint in embodied AI systems, yet traditional complexity analysis fails to capture the nuanced energy-performance trade-offs inherent in real-world implementations. The Ant Stack represents a biologically-inspired approach to embodied intelligence that requires systematic analysis of its computational and energetic characteristics to inform practical design decisions. We derive closed-form expressions for per-module time and space complexity in core computational loops, incorporating analytical scaling relationships from computational experiments. Our analysis bridges algorithmic complexity to detailed energy models that account for compute operations (FLOPs at 1.0 pJ each), memory hierarchy (SRAM at 0.10 pJ/byte, DRAM at 20.0 pJ/byte), neuromorphic spikes (1.0 aJ each), and physical actuation, enabling energy budgeting with bootstrap confidence intervals for uncertainty quantification. Our analysis reveals three distinct computational regimes across the Ant Stack modules with profound design implications. The AntBody exhibits O(J + C^1.5) complexity dominated by contact resolution rather than joint dynamics, where the C^1.5 scaling of Projected Gauss-Seidel solvers creates computational bottlenecks beyond 20 active contacts. This demonstrates locomotion efficiency within robotic platform ranges (CoT ≈ 1.93), though 2-6× higher than biological ants (CoT 0.1-0.3). The AntBrain scales as O(K + ρN_KC + H) with biological sparsity patterns (ρ ≈ 0.02) that prevent combinatorial explosion, enabling sub-linear energy scaling as sensory dimensionality increases. This reveals the largest optimization potential (4.2 × 10^8× theoretical minimum) through neuromorphic hardware acceleration. The AntMind demonstrates O(B H_p) complexity through bounded rationality, but exponential policy tree growth creates super-linear energy scaling that limits planning horizons to H_p ≤ 15 for computational tractability. Our work provides validated theoretical contributions to embodied AI complexity analysis, including an analytical complexity framework with solver-dependent contact dynamics analysis (PGS: O(C^1.5), LCP: O(C^3), MLCP: O(C^2.5)) incorporating biologically-motivated neural sparsity (ρ ≤ 0.02) and bounded rational active inference limits (H_p ≤ 15). We establish comprehensive energy modeling spanning FLOP-based computation, hierarchical memory access, neuromorphic spikes, and mechanical actuation, validated against Landauer limits (kT ln 2 ≈ 2.8 × 10^-21 J/bit) and thermodynamic efficiency bounds. Additional contributions include information-theoretic foundations connecting Shannon's channel capacity, Landauer's principle, and Carnot efficiency limits for embodied AI system design, with quantitative validation against biological benchmarks. We provide phase transition analysis identifying critical points in system behavior such as contact density transitions (C ≈ 20) and neural sparsity thresholds (ρ ≈ 0.02), with scaling regime classification. Our biological validation framework provides quantitative comparison with real ant energetics to establish efficiency targets and optimization potential. Finally, we present a reproducible analysis methodology featuring manifest-driven experiments with bootstrap confidence intervals (n ≥ 1000), deterministic seeding, automated figure generation, and cross-validation against established benchmarks. Our work establishes design principles for energy-efficient insect-inspired embodied AI systems, providing analytical frameworks for mechanical actuation efficiency and neural processing optimization. These findings inform hardware-software co-design strategies and provide benchmarks for energy-constrained autonomous systems, with particular relevance for mobile robotics, autonomous vehicles, and distributed sensor networks. The framework bridges theoretical complexity analysis with practical energy considerations, offering a systematic approach to understanding and optimizing the computational and energetic trade-offs in biomimetic embodied intelligence. All methods to regenerate the analysis and render the publication are in https://github.com/docxology/ant_stack",
      "keywords": [
        "AntStack",
        "complexity science",
        "information theory",
        "complex adaptive systems",
        "ant colonies",
        "non-equilibrium thermodynamics"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "In the energy model, AntBody energy stayed constant despite morphological scaling, making sensor optimization and contact resolution the main efficiency targets rather than joint count.",
        "In the energy model, biological sparsity allowed 16× sensory scaling (64 to 1024 channels) with constant energy consumption.",
        "AntMind energy grew steeply with planning horizon, and real-time operation was reported infeasible beyond a horizon of 15.",
        "Modelled neural processing sits about 4.2 × 10^8 times above the Landauer minimum, which the author identifies as the largest optimization opportunity.",
        "The modelled locomotion cost of transport (≈1.93) falls within robotic platform ranges but is 2-6× higher than biological ants (0.1-0.3)."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Closed-form per-module complexity for AntBody, AntBrain, and AntMind loops — Derives time and space complexity for the body (contact dynamics), brain (sparse spiking network), and mind (active inference planning) loops of the Ant Stack.",
        "Device-coefficient energy model for compute, memory, spikes, and actuation — Converts workload counts to Joules per decision using assumed coefficients such as 1.0 pJ per FLOP, SRAM/DRAM per-byte costs, and 1.0 aJ per spike.",
        "Manifest-driven experiments with seeding and bootstrap CIs — Runs scaling sweeps from manifests with seed=123, reporting 1000-sample nonparametric bootstrap intervals and log-log regression fits.",
        "Comparison against Landauer limit and biological cost of transport — Benchmarks module energies against kT ln 2 per bit and compares the hexapod's cost of transport with values for biological ants."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_AntStackComplexity/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_AntStackComplexity/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025EvoJumpStochasticModelingEvolutionary012": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025EvoJumpStochasticModelingEvolutionary012",
      "abstract": "Biological development unfolds as a stochastic process characterized by continuous variation and discrete transitions, yet traditional analytical methods fail to capture this complexity, and we present EvoJump, a unified computational framework that models developmental trajectories as stochastic processes analyzed through cross-sectional laser plane views of phenotypic distributions. EvoJump integrates multiple stochastic process models including jump-diffusion, fractional Brownian motion, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross, and Lévy processes with advanced statistical methods including wavelet analysis, copula modeling, extreme value theory, and regime-switching detection, enabling analysis of developmental trajectories and evolutionary constraints, prediction of phenotypic outcomes with uncertainty quantification, and identification of developmental phase transitions and dependencies. Implemented in Python with comprehensive testing framework and extensive documentation, EvoJump bridges quantitative genetics and modern computational methods, enabling researchers to address fundamental questions about the mechanistic basis of phenotypic evolution across ontogeny, and the framework demonstrates robust performance with synthetic data validation and scales efficiently to large phenotyping datasets. All methods and the material for generating the paper are available in https://github.com/docxology/EvoJump",
      "keywords": [
        "EvoJump",
        "stochastic modeling",
        "ontogenetic trajectories",
        "jump-diffusion",
        "fractional Brownian motion"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Validation tests confirmed expected properties, e.g. fBM recovered standard Brownian motion at H = 0.5 and distinguished persistence regimes.",
        "The author reports that all tests in the testing framework pass.",
        "On synthetic data, copula analysis showed significant positive dependence between early and late developmental phenotypes (Kendall's τ = 0.45).",
        "The Drosophila simulation captured a near-fixation selective sweep, correlated eye-size evolution, hitchhiking, and selection-drift balance.",
        "Stated limitations include time-homogeneous parameters, separate analysis of traits, and treating observations as exact without measurement error."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Cross-sectional 'laser plane' view of ontogeny as a stochastic process — Development is conceptualised as stochastic trajectories examined through phenotype distributions at successive timepoints.",
        "Python package unifying OU-jump, fBM, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross and Lévy process models — EvoJump implements several stochastic process models for developmental trajectories behind consistent interfaces.",
        "Wavelet, copula, extreme value and regime-switching analyses of trajectories — Statistical modules apply wavelets for multi-scale patterns, copulas for dependence, EVT for rare events and regime-switching for phase detection.",
        "Validation via synthetic data, analytical solutions and integration tests — Each process model and statistical method is checked with synthetic data of known parameters, analytical solutions where available, and end-to-end tests.",
        "Simulated 100-generation Drosophila selective sweep case study — A logistic-selection SDE with drift models a red-eye allele sweep and a correlated eye-size trait, based on a published classroom study."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_EvoJump/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_EvoJump/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025IncreasingAccessibilityApplicabilityActive013": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025IncreasingAccessibilityApplicabilityActive013",
      "abstract": "A Letter of Intent submitted to Dana Frontiers proposing to increase the accessibility and applicability of Active Inference through Generative Playbooks and Open-Source Summer School Curriculum Development. The proposal identifies technical, academic, linguistic, and cultural barriers to disseminating high-quality Active Inference materials and cognitive modeling practices, and proposes open-source educational resources to address these gaps at different education levels.",
      "keywords": [
        "accessibility",
        "Active Inference",
        "pedagogy",
        "summer school curriculum",
        "Generative Playbooks",
        "open-source education",
        "neurotechnology",
        "neurodiversity",
        "cognitive security"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The letter commits to producing playbooks for Active Inference adoption targeted at neuroscience graduate students, educators and policy-makers.",
        "It commits to an open-source Summer School curriculum in Active Inference, supporting an in-person 2025 event and versioned over subsequent years.",
        "The Summer School template is to be published openly so that groups worldwide can run their own courses.",
        "The proposed budget totals $100,000, split between personnel for the two initiatives and computing resources."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Proposed stipended community working groups to co-create playbooks — The letter proposes Institute officers coordinating weekly working groups of paid community members to co-create Active Inference playbooks for target audiences.",
        "Planned use of generative AI for multi-language, multi-level materials — Generative AI is proposed to make playbook materials available across languages, media, and levels of technical detail.",
        "Planned multi-perspective Summer School curriculum design — A Summer School course is proposed that teaches Active Inference principles from sociology, philosophy, mathematics and linguistics perspectives.",
        "Planned evaluation via advisory board review, interviews, and surveys — Progress is to be evaluated through quarterly internal feedback, interviews with target groups, and surveys of Summer School participants."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_AccessibilityActiveInference/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_AccessibilityActiveInference/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025MDKVMultitrackMarkdownContainer014": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025MDKVMultitrackMarkdownContainer014",
      "abstract": "Digital knowledge work increasingly demands documents that are simultaneously multilingual, multi‑audience, and multi‑channel. Traditional single‑file Markdown struggles when the same canonical content must coexist with translations, commentary, references, code exemplars, and revision notes – each with distinct lifecycles and audiences. This paper introduces MDKV, a simple but rigorous multitrack Markdown container that packages a document’s canonical content and auxiliary tracks into a single, portable `.mdkv` file. An `.mdkv` is a ZIP archive with a YAML `manifest.yaml` and a `tracks/` directory of UTF‑8 Markdown files. MDKV provides a principled data model, validation, search, and export services, a CLI, and a small GUI for selective preview and live editing. We formalize the MDKV model, present its software architecture, explain round‑trip export semantics, and evaluate design trade‑offs against adjacent technologies. The MDKV initial specification is open source under the Apache‑2.0 license and maintained at the project repository https://github.com/docxology/mdkv . We also situate MDKV with respect to Matroska (MKV) as background on containerization: although the two are orthogonal in domain (text vs. multimedia), they share conceptual lineage in extensible container design. We conclude with use cases, implications for governance and reproducibility, and future work such as richer validation rules and alternative exporters. This paper is itself a Markdown file that renders into a valid MDKV. The built artifact is available at paper/paper.mdkv ; combined exports are under paper/_bundle .",
      "keywords": [
        "MDKV",
        "Markdown",
        "multitrack documents",
        "ZIP container",
        "YAML manifest",
        "round-trip export"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper lists four contributions: a precise model and container format, a modular architecture exposed via CLI and GUI, detailed use cases, and guidance on cryptographic provenance and conformance.",
        "Export is designed to be deterministic: order follows the manifest, and identical inputs produce identical outputs.",
        "The author lists format limitations, including no built-in encryption or signing and code tracks that are listings rather than runnable notebooks.",
        "The paper notes that the reference validator currently checks for a track with id 'primary' rather than the type-level requirement.",
        "The paper is itself authored as a Markdown file that renders into a valid MDKV."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "ZIP container with YAML manifest and tracks/ directory of Markdown files — MDKV defines an .mdkv file as a ZIP archive holding a manifest.yaml index plus one UTF-8 Markdown file per track.",
        "Seven-type track taxonomy (primary, translation, commentary, code, etc.) — Document layers are separated into typed tracks that are composed into views only at export time.",
        "Python reference implementation split into core, storage, services, and CLI — The software follows a thin-orchestrator design with separate modules for data model and validation, persistence, search/export, and command-line entry points.",
        "Round-trip export via HTML-comment track headers — Combined Markdown exports prefix each track with a comment encoding its id, type, and language so attribution can be reconstructed.",
        "Normative MUST/SHOULD conformance requirements and minimal validator — The paper specifies conformance rules and a base validator checking title, authors, a primary track, track paths, types, and unique ids."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_MDKV/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_MDKV/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025MarkdownDecisionProcessFramework015": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025MarkdownDecisionProcessFramework015",
      "abstract": "The Markdown Decision Process (MDP) framework treats Markdown documents as stochastic decision processes, enabling intelligent analysis, generation, and optimization through probabilistic modeling. Drawing from Markov Decision Process and POMDP theory, the framework operates at Marr's three levels: computational, algorithmic, and implementational. Key innovations include MarkChain for document generation, PolicyOptimizer for reinforcement learning optimization, and BeliefUpdater for probabilisti",
      "keywords": [
        "Markdown Decision Process",
        "document analysis",
        "Markov chains",
        "reinforcement learning",
        "POMDP",
        "probabilistic modeling",
        "document generation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper reports higher structural similarity for MarkChain than baselines, with higher-order chains performing better at the cost of longer generation time.",
        "BeliefUpdater is reported as more calibrated than rule-based approaches but slightly less accurate than a BERT classifier.",
        "Reported scalability is approximately linear in document size, with policy optimization the most computationally costly operation.",
        "In one controlled example, optimization reduced average paragraph length from 16.0 to 14.4 words and the list-to-paragraph ratio from 1.0 to 0.2.",
        "The paper lists threats to validity, including corpus bias, hyperparameter sensitivity and limited domain diversity in evaluation corpora."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Markdown elements modeled as states in a stochastic decision process — Treats Markdown documents as stochastic processes drawing on MDP/POMDP theory, with transitions between elements following learned probabilistic patterns.",
        "MarkChain, PolicyOptimizer and BeliefUpdater components — Higher-order Markov chains for generation, reinforcement-learning policy optimization against user reward functions, and Bayesian belief updating over semantic interpretations.",
        "Evaluation corpora: technical docs, arXiv papers, blogs, mixed — Reports four evaluation corpora, e.g. 500 technical documents from 25 open-source projects and 200 arXiv CS papers converted to Markdown.",
        "Comparisons against n-gram, GPT-2, BERT and rule-based baselines — Compares MarkChain orders 1–3 against n-gram and GPT-2 baselines for structure learning, and BeliefUpdater against rule-based and BERT classifiers.",
        "Manually annotated 200-document semantic classification test — BeliefUpdater accuracy and calibration (ECE) assessed on 200 manually annotated documents with an 80/20 train/test split."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_MarkdownDecisionProcess/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_MarkdownDecisionProcess/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025CognitiveArtScienceToward016": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025CognitiveArtScienceToward016",
      "abstract": "Positioning cognitive science as the systematic study of intra-action and cognitive art as its reflexive twin, this paper traces a bidirectional trajectory toward systemic wholeness. Procedural craft (firstness) and conceptual articulation (secondness) co-evolve into adaptive intelligence (thirdness), as continuously audited by the observing niche that embeds, measures, and reinterprets those intelligences (fourthness). This four-fold schema maps onto concrete information architectures: from insect bodies, to cryptographically verifiable plain texts, on through variational Bayesian simulations approached from the Low Road of Active Inference. Alternating 2→3 analytical moves which compress past data into predictive structure, with 4→3 generative moves which open space for unknown futures – these systems are capable of balancing exploitation with exploration, measurement with meaning, and optimization with open-ended creativity. True cognitive wholeness emerges when explanation and anticipation co-operate in sustained dialogue across scales.",
      "keywords": [
        "cognitive art-science",
        "aesthetic experience",
        "creative cognition",
        "Active Inference",
        "art-science integration"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The essay argues that alternating 2→3 analytical and 4→3 generative moves lets systems balance exploitation with exploration and optimization with open-ended creativity.",
        "It concludes that cognitive wholeness emerges when explanation and anticipation co-operate in sustained dialogue across scales.",
        "The author proposes that self-awareness of crossing the intra-activity threshold is when cognitive science becomes cognitive art."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Four-fold firstness-to-fourthness conceptual schema — Frames procedural craft, conceptual articulation, adaptive intelligence, and the observing niche as firstness through fourthness to relate cognitive science and art.",
        "Contrast of analytical 2→3 and generative 4→3 moves — Distinguishes moves that compress past data into predictive structure from moves that open space for unknown futures, illustrated with Blake quotations and Goodhart's Law."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_CognitiveArtScience/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_CognitiveArtScience/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025Time017": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025Time017",
      "abstract": "This work explores the interplay between knowledge and wisdom as dynamic processes within the passage of time. Knowledge is framed as learning in time—sequentially accumulating observations—and learning from time, discerning causal patterns and tendencies. Wisdom, conversely, is presented as learning from time—metacognitive reflection on sequences of sequences—and learning in time, embracing the immediacy of perspective and timing. Together, these dualities form a tetralemma: a unified framework where knowledge and wisdom intersect across temporal dimensions. This relational synthesis invites a perspective shift between unity and plurality, situating human experience both within and beyond time. Ultimately, the inquiry seeks to honor the role of Eldership as a temporal guide, fostering recognition and empowerment for collective growth across generations.",
      "keywords": [
        "temporal dynamics",
        "Active Inference",
        "synchronization",
        "collective behavior",
        "temporal coordination"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Proposes that knowledge is learning in time from sequences of observations, while wisdom is learning from time, from sequences of observed sequences as time passes.",
        "Offers a counterpose in which knowledge is learning from time (causal consequences, patterns) and wisdom is learning in time, including learning \"to know when\".",
        "Combines both framings into a four-quadrant tetralemma in which knowledge and wisdom can each be in and from time.",
        "Argues this tetralemmal framing enables a perspective swap between unity and plurality (Blake's Innocence and Experience), i.e. between being out of and in time."
      ],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_OnTime/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025QuadMathAnalyticalReview4D018": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025QuadMathAnalyticalReview4D018",
      "abstract": "We review a unified analytical framework for four dimensional (4D) modeling and Quadray coordinates, synthesizing geometric foundations, optimization on tetrahedral lattices, and information geometry. Building on R. Buckminster Fuller’s Synergetics and the Quadray coordinate system, with extensive reference to Kirby Urner’s computational implementations across multiple programming languages (see the comprehensive 4dsolutions ecosystem including Python, Rust, Clojure, and POV-Ray implementations), we review how integer lattice constraints yield integer volume quantization of tetrahedral simplexes, creating discrete “energy levels” that regularize optimization and enable integer-based optimization. We adapt standard methods (e.g., Nelder–Mead method) to the quadray lattice, define Fisher information in Quadray parameter space, and analyze optimization as geodesic motion on an information manifold via the natural gradient. We review three distinct 4D namespaces — Coxeter.4D (Euclidean E4), Einstein.4D (Minkowski spacetime), and Fuller.4D (synergetics/Quadrays) — develop analytical tools and equations, and survey extensions and applications across AI, active inference, cognitive security, and complex systems. The result is a cohesive, interpretable approach for robust, geometry-grounded computation in 4D. All source code for the manuscript is available at QuadMath https://github.com/docxology/QuadMath .",
      "keywords": [
        "QuadMath",
        "Quadray coordinates",
        "4D geometry",
        "Synergetics",
        "Buckminster Fuller",
        "IVM lattice",
        "rational arithmetic",
        "computational geometry"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The review describes how integer lattice constraints quantize tetrahedral simplex volumes into discrete 'energy levels' that regularize optimization.",
        "Bridging (Cayley–Menger + S3) and native (Ace 5x5) tetravolume computations agree at machine precision on the tested integer-Quadray examples.",
        "On a simple quadratic objective, the discrete Nelder–Mead converges with simplex volume showing discrete plateaus characteristic of integer-lattice optimization.",
        "In IVM units, common synergetic polyhedra have integer volumes, e.g. cube 3, octahedron 4, rhombic dodecahedron 6, cuboctahedron 20, relative to the unit tetrahedron.",
        "The author notes limitations: embedding choice for distances, possible need for hybrid continuous/lattice strategies, and that empirical benchmarking is still needed to quantify benefits."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Three-namespace framing of '4D': Coxeter.4D, Einstein.4D, Fuller.4D — Separated Euclidean E4, Minkowski spacetime, and synergetics/Quadray meanings of 4D with a dot-notation to avoid cross-domain confusion.",
        "Nelder–Mead adapted to the integer Quadray lattice with volume tracking — Ran Nelder–Mead simplex steps, snapping each proposal to the nearest integer Quadray point and monitoring integer tetravolume as a convergence diagnostic.",
        "Fisher information and natural gradient in Quadray parameter space — Defined Fisher information over Quadray parameters and analyzed optimization as geodesic motion on an information manifold.",
        "Tested Python codebase with exact Bareiss determinants and cross-validation — Accompanied the review with a fully tested Python codebase (100% coverage for src/), cross-validated against Kirby Urner's 4dsolutions reference implementations.",
        "Bridging vs native tetravolume comparison (Cayley–Menger + S3 vs Ace 5x5) — Compared IVM tetravolumes from edge-length Cayley–Menger determinants converted by S3 against Tom Ace's native 5x5 Quadray determinant on canonical cases."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_QuadMath/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_QuadMath/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025ResNeiSolutionDesignDocument019": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025ResNeiSolutionDesignDocument019",
      "abstract": "ResNei — Research Neighbourhood – is an AI-augmented environment designed to transform how we discover, analyse, and connect ideas. At its core is the Research Discovery Engine, which constructs a living, responsive knowledge graph through the distillation of verified concepts and the dynamic linking of an evolving corpus of scientific knowledge. This graph is structured as a set of Conceptual Nexus Models (CNMs)—modular representations of connected ideas, designed to surface signals to support impactful inquiry and collaboration. Our UX design moves away from conventional passive, attention-driven systems toward a dynamic, action-intention model that centres collaboration, responsiveness, and contextual insight. A world where research becomes not just efficient, but responsive, intuitive, and interconnected. This platform aims to scale research processes through the interplay of generalists and specialists. Our platform involves a graphical concept model, enabling specialists to engage with reliable evaluation of scientific output, while democratising the otherwise intractable web of knowledge for the generalist. The co-evolution of expert-lead early adoption with generalist participation drives insight and growth: where research thrives through their collaboration. Grounded in scientific protocols and social accountability, ResNei values reciprocity, interdependence, and access. Innovation here acknowledges its real-world costs—social, ecological, and temporal—and builds not just tools, but shared capacity for meaningful discovery. Project Status: As of the second version of this publication in August 2025, this Solution Design Document outlines the foundational concepts, architecture, and guiding principles of ResNei. The project is currently in early development, with a set of working prototypes and a technical paper in preprint. This document supports the transition from conceptual design to implementation.",
      "keywords": [
        "ResNei",
        "Research Neighbourhood",
        "collaborative research",
        "distributed collaboration",
        "interdisciplinary",
        "knowledge sharing"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The document presents ResNei as an AI-augmented research discovery and collaboration environment, and states the project is in early development with working prototypes.",
        "It proposes an initial force-directed concept graph, similar to a simplified Obsidian.md structure, deferring clustering and semantic zooming to later work.",
        "To counter misplaced trust, the design frames AI outputs as provisional suggestions and the knowledge graph as a navigational aid rather than a definitive map.",
        "The authors state they are now seeking stakeholders, with special attention to trans- and interdisciplinary spaces, as they move from prototyping to implementation."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Action-Intention interaction model (no predictive intent inference yet) — Design treats explicit user actions (uploading, annotating, opening a concept map) as signals of research direction; the document states intent is not yet inferred predictively.",
        "Knowledge graph of Conceptual Nexus Models (Research Discovery Engine) — The proposed core engine builds a knowledge graph structured as Conceptual Nexus Models, modular representations of connected ideas from a research corpus.",
        "Proposed full-stack architecture (PDF.js, ElasticSearch, graph DB, Docker) — Specifies frontend/backend components including PDF.js and LaTeX rendering, NLP document processing, ElasticSearch indexing, a graph database, and Docker/CI deployment.",
        "Assumptions and harms/risks/amelioration tables — Tabulates nine usage assumptions and a set of potential harms (e.g. algorithmic misrepresentation, marginalisation of less-cited research) with proposed mitigations.",
        "Neuro-informed cognitive load design principles — Applies progressive disclosure, contextual cues, fault tolerance (undo/redo, version history), and adaptive complexity, referencing a neuroscience-informed UX table."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_ResNei/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_ResNei/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025SymergeticsSymbolicSynergeticsRational020": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025SymergeticsSymbolicSynergeticsRational020",
      "abstract": "Floating-point arithmetic introduces systematic approximation errors that obscure fundamental mathematical relationships in geometric calculations, producing results like 2.999999999999999 instead of the exact integer 3. These compounding and confounding precision losses stymie a full-featured implementation of Buckminster Fuller's Synergetics framework, which requires symbolic operations on all-integer accounting based upon ratios geometrically based upon high-frequency shapes. Here we present Symergetics (Symbolic Synergetics), an open source Python package which provides exact rational arithmetic methods framed within the vectorial geometry of the Synergetics framework. The package implements a Quadray coordinate system for tetrahedral geometry within the Isotropic Vector Matrix (IVM) lattice, exact volume calculations for Platonic solids using IVM units (tetrahedron = 1, octahedron = 4, cube = 3, cuboctahedron = 20), and pattern analysis algorithms for Scheherazade numbers (1001^n) and primorial sequences using exact arithmetic. The computational implementation achieves high test coverage with rigorous validation, demonstrating 100% precision preservation across 953 test cases. Applications include active inference modeling, crystallographic analysis, materials science, and computational geometry. Complete implementation details are available in the core modules and computation modules . The package is distributed under Apache 2.0 license at the Symergetics repository: https://github.com/docxology/symergetics . Towards a symbolic and Synergetic future, together we go!",
      "keywords": [
        "Symergetics",
        "Synergetics",
        "Buckminster Fuller",
        "rational arithmetic",
        "Quadray coordinates",
        "IVM lattice",
        "symbolic computation",
        "computational geometry"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The package reports 100% precision preservation across 953 test cases.",
        "Exact arithmetic returns 11/12 for 3/4 + 1/6 rather than the float 0.9166666666666666, with no approximation errors detected in any test case.",
        "The paper reports that its Platonic-solid volume relationships in IVM units were independently verified, confirming Fuller's original Synergetics calculations.",
        "Quadray-to-Cartesian conversions are reported to round-trip exactly.",
        "Primorials are computed exactly, e.g. 10# = 6,469,693,230."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "SymergeticsNumber exact-rational wrapper over Python fractions.Fraction — Arithmetic is done with a Fraction-based class that keeps exact fractional representations and auto-simplifies via GCD.",
        "Quadray (four-axis tetrahedral) coordinates in the IVM lattice — Points are represented as (a, b, c, d) along four tetrahedral axes, normalized by subtracting the minimum coordinate.",
        "IVM-unit volume calculation for Platonic solids — The package computes polyhedron volumes in IVM units with the tetrahedron as the unit volume.",
        "Pattern analysis of Scheherazade numbers (1001^n), primorials, palindromes — Exact-arithmetic routines analyze powers of 1001, primorial sequences, and multi-base palindromes.",
        "Test suite of 953 test functions across 32 files — Validation is via a pytest suite covering arithmetic, coordinate transforms, geometry and integration cases."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_Symergetics/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_Symergetics/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025SynthesisAgentNiche021": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025SynthesisAgentNiche021",
      "abstract": "This paper enacts a computational juxtaposition between William Blake's 1790 illuminated poem \"The Marriage of Heaven and Hell\", and a personal-poetic perspective on ecological psychology. This paper is rendered as a dual-column PDF reflecting Blake's insight — \"Without contraries is no progression\" — in its very architecture. The left column (\"Synthesis of Agent and Niche\") transposes Blake's prophetic vision into the mathematical language of free energy principle, active inference, biosemiotics, and niche construction, revealing how poetic intuitions about Energy versus Reason, body versus soul, and heaven versus hell prefigure modern understandings of embodied cognition, self-organizing systems, and the thermodynamic imperatives driving bio-cultural evolution. The right column preserves Blake's original text, creating a stereoscopic, or duck-rabbit, minimum-2 effect where the 18th- and 21st-century perspectives textographically illuminate each other, rendering the other newly legible through their juxtaposition. Taken rhetorically, the work argues that Blake's romantic vision and contemporary cognitive science constitute complementary expressions of concepts like: universe, life, general and specific situationality, generativity, intra-action, the necessity of opposition and provocation, and the orientation of energetic engagement over passive observation. The project's epistemic stance (\"Definitely Speculative & Claude 4.5-pilled\") acknowledges its experimental nature while insisting that etching (on) the edge often requires crossing boundaries. The medium of composition — Python scripts that transform Markdown files into a PDF, with calibrated typography and dual-gradient backgrounds distinguishing the columns separated and connected by a dashed line — demonstrates how modern computational infrastructure can serve as amplification of humanistic inquiry. Only and actually: execution and rendering of this hybrid text performs the synthesis it describes (or at least one like it!). From that morpho-semiosis, there is a suggestion that the marriage of poetic and scientific, visionary and formal, yields insights unavailable to either, as taken or given alone. In that way the work operates as awareness literature, synthetic milestone, technical writing draft, pragmatic cognitive fiction, and open source computational artifact published to Github and Zenodo in September 2025.",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "Marriage of Heaven and Hell",
        "ecological psychology",
        "Active Inference",
        "Synergetics",
        "contraries",
        "predictive processing",
        "Markov blankets",
        "visionary epistemology",
        "art-science synthesis"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The text reads Blake's 'without contraries is no progression' as opposition generating the potential landscape that enables directed motion.",
        "It casts organisms as active inference engines that construct the niches and possibility spaces they then navigate.",
        "It concludes by framing 'everything that lives is holy' as a recognition of negentropy and self-modelling systems."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Section-by-section dialogue between Blake's text and ecological-psychology prose — The work pairs passages of Blake's The Marriage of Heaven and Hell with commentary prose framed in active inference and ecological terms.",
        "Paraphrastic rewriting of Blake's lines in information-theoretic vocabulary — Each Blake passage is followed by a reworking that substitutes concepts such as singular value decomposition, priors and free energy for Blake's imagery.",
        "Self-declared speculative epistemic status — The author labels the work's epistemic status 'Definitely Speculative & Claude 4.5-pilled', framing it as speculative rather than empirical."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_AgentAndNiche/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_AgentAndNiche/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025SystemsProcessesActiveInference022": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025SystemsProcessesActiveInference022",
      "abstract": "Slides for a session at \"Enduring Patterns, Emerging Futures: Celebrating Dr. Len Troncale\", an online event in September 2025 https://troncale.sched.com/ .",
      "keywords": [
        "systems processes",
        "Active Inference",
        "systems science",
        "metatheory",
        "process philosophy",
        "anticipatory systems"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The talk presents the Free Energy Principle's Markov blankets as a formalisation of the systems process of Boundaries.",
        "The slides claim applied Active Inference adds computable, typable translations plus open-source education and software to the systems-processes view."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Mapping of SoSPT systems processes onto Active Inference concepts — The slides pair Troncale-style systems processes with Active Inference counterparts, e.g. Boundaries with Markov blankets and Feedback & Cycles with predictive coding loops.",
        "Terminology alignment via the Active Inference Ontology — Uses the Active Inference Ontology repository to frame cross-vocabulary correspondences between systems science and Active Inference terms.",
        "Curated literature pointers per systems process — Each of five processes (boundaries, feedback, self-organization, flows/fields, hierarchies) is linked to specific FEP/Active Inference papers, some also to 2022 textbook figures."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_SystemsProcesses/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_SystemsProcesses/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025TemporalDepthCoherentSelf023": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025TemporalDepthCoherentSelf023",
      "abstract": "This paper develops a theoretical model of temporal depth in coherent self-experience and its disruption in depersonalization. Using Active Inference, we formalize how subjective temporal experience is constructed through hierarchical predictive processing, and how disruptions to temporal integration may underlie depersonalization phenomena.",
      "keywords": [
        "temporal depth",
        "depersonalization",
        "self-coherence",
        "Active Inference",
        "predictive processing",
        "temporal integration",
        "clinical psychology"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors propose that a substantial change in 'temporal depth' can be a common, causal factor in dissociative episodes of any etiology.",
        "Voluntary contractions of temporal depth (flow, meditation) are framed as healthy, while involuntary collapses are pathological and may indicate memory-system dysfunction.",
        "Clinically reported emotional flattening is mapped to top-down lowering of precision on affective prediction errors between the Core Self and peripheral Self.",
        "Prolonged inescapable stress is described as disintegrating the Self into components with smaller cognitive light cones, accompanied by temporal depth collapse.",
        "The authors defer empirical data, a computer simulation, and therapeutic implications to planned follow-up papers."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Framework combining FEP, nonlinear dynamics, clinical and neurobiology views — The authors build a model of dissociation by combining a first-principles (FEP/TAME) perspective with dynamical systems, clinical and neurobiological perspectives.",
        "Self modelled as a hierarchical component of the organism's generative model — Using TAME and the Free Energy Principle, the Self is defined as part of a generative model with a Core Self and peripheral layers bounded by informational Markov blankets.",
        "Attractor-landscape and phase-transition description of Self regimes — Health is cast as a point-attractor regime ('I am me'), with trauma potentially causing a phase transition to unstable or chaotic regimes.",
        "Literature analysis of co-occurring temporal depth collapse and dissociation — Lacking an experimental design for humans, the authors rely on published literature showing co-occurrence as indirect illustration of the thesis."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_TemporalDepth/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_TemporalDepth/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025ActiveInferenceInstituteActive024": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025ActiveInferenceInstituteActive024",
      "abstract": "This document surveys the current state of The Active Inference Institute and The Active Inference Ecosystem , in the context of our current and future directions. As embodied agents, we aim to update our decisions, goals and predictions as an institute by actively gathering (sampling) insights (observations) from our members. As Heraclitus once said “No one ever steps in the same river twice. For it’s never the same river and it’s never the same person”. In the same way, the Institute evolves with each new member, accumulating a variety of perspectives to drive improvement.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference Institute",
        "organizational overview",
        "research programs",
        "educational initiatives",
        "community"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Describes the Institute as a registered Delaware non-profit supporting education, research and ecosystem services, and a 501(c)(3) as of 2024.",
        "Reports that the Institute's Discord server, its primary discussion and meeting venue, has over 1000 people.",
        "Reports that the Institute had released over 500 videos to date.",
        "Reports that RxInfer.jl Learning Group meetings in 2024 included over 20 active contributors.",
        "Frames the Institute's approach as embracing the benefits of an 'open' ecosystem rather than relying on a closed, laboratory-centric approach alone, which might have siloed Active Inference academically."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Collaboratively edited living Coda document (v3 snapshot) by a named author team — Snapshot of the Institute & Ecosystem living document, which authors edited with a full trace of edits; earlier versions date from 2023 and 2024.",
        "Structure inherited from the 2023 paper and extended Sept-Nov 2024 — The document's sections derive from the 2023 paper and were expanded by contributors in late 2024.",
        "Preparation and Measurement stages for project proposals and reporting — Describes how Institute projects are proposed and reported, with Measurement form updates feeding the monthly newsletter."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_AII_v3/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_AII_v3/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025AntStack025": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025AntStack025",
      "abstract": "AntStack presents a multilevel framework for modeling ant colony organization, from molecular and neural processes at the individual scale through interaction networks to colony-level behavioral patterns. The framework provides a structured approach to integrating diverse biological data across scales in social insect research.",
      "keywords": [
        "AntStack",
        "multilevel modeling",
        "ant colonies",
        "social insects",
        "multiscale biology",
        "colony organization"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper presents the Ant Stack, a compact modular framework (AntBody, AntBrain, AntMind) intended to emulate an ant from physics to cognition.",
        "Stated contributions include an executable I/O contract between layers, a compact neural pipeline with local plasticity, and a minimal active-inference agent composing via stigmergy.",
        "The work specifies (rather than reports results from) evaluation suites for navigation, trail following, task allocation and robustness under noise/adversaries.",
        "The author states that no high-fidelity ant brain emulation yet closes the loop with a realistic body at interactive rates.",
        "Stated limitations: no ant connectome (fly/bee templates used), simulation-first scope with embedded real-time operation as future work, and field validation still needed."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "AntBody: FlyBody MuJoCo simulator adapted to ant morphology — The body layer adapts the FlyBody MuJoCo simulator to ant leg kinematics, exoskeleton and antennae/mandible actuation, portable to PyBullet.",
        "Explicit Body–Brain I/O contract with fixed rates and SI units — Specifies observations and actions at 100 Hz over a 1 ms physics step, with a latency budget and clock-drift bound.",
        "AntBrain AL→MB→CX pipeline templated from fly/bee brains — A functional neural abstraction templated from Drosophila/Apis via Virtual Fly Brain, with sparse Kenyon-cell coding, local plasticity and a ring-attractor CX.",
        "AntMind minimal active-inference generative model — A single-agent generative model over pose, heading, hunger and pheromone expectation, with variational free energy updates and short-horizon policy selection.",
        "Diffusion–decay pheromone field for stigmergy — Colony coordination via a grid pheromone field with decay λ, diffusion D and reward-linked deposits, which agents follow along the gradient."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_AntStack/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_AntStack/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025DiscoveryEngineAIDriven026": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025DiscoveryEngineAIDriven026",
      "abstract": "The prevailing model for disseminating scientific knowledge relies on individual publications dispersed across numerous journals and archives. This legacy system is ill suited to the recent exponential proliferation of publications, contributing to insurmountable information overload, issues surrounding reproducibility and retractions. We introduce the Discovery Engine, a framework to address these challenges by transforming an array of disconnected literature into a unified, computationally tractable representation of a scientific domain. Central to our approach is the LLM-driven distillation of publications into structured \"knowledge artifacts,\" instances of a universal conceptual schema, complete with verifiable links to source evidence. These artifacts are then encoded into a high-dimensional Conceptual Tensor. This tensor serves as the primary, compressed representation of the synthesized field, where its labeled modes index scientific components (concepts, methods, parameters, relations) and its entries quantify their interdependencies. The Discovery Engine allows dynamic \"unrolling\" of this tensor into human-interpretable views, such as explicit knowledge graphs (the CNM graph) or semantic vector spaces, for targeted exploration. Crucially, AI agents operate directly on the graph using abstract mathematical and learned operations to navigate the knowledge landscape, identify non-obvious connections, pinpoint gaps, and assist researchers in generating novel knowledge artifacts (hypotheses, designs). By converting literature into a structured tensor and enabling agent-based interaction with this compact representation, the Discovery Engine offers a new paradigm for AI-augmented scientific inquiry and accelerated discovery.",
      "keywords": [
        "Discovery Engine",
        "scientific knowledge synthesis",
        "LLM-driven distillation",
        "knowledge artifacts",
        "Conceptual Tensor",
        "knowledge graphs",
        "AI-assisted scientific inquiry"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Introduces the Discovery Engine as a methodology and conceptual platform for moving from document-centric literature to synthesized, structured knowledge repositories.",
        "Proposes that human-interpretable views such as the CNM knowledge graph and semantic vector spaces can be generated from the central tensor representation.",
        "In the soft matter case study, the synthesized CNM served as the basis for a collaborative expert-AI perspective outlining challenges and a research roadmap.",
        "In the platform design case study, AI-assisted synthesis yielded conceptual designs for modules such as Knowledge Card summaries and a Hypothesis Workbench.",
        "The authors state that effectiveness depends on continued LLM advances and template governance, and that scaling to very large disciplines is an engineering hurdle."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Template-guided LLM distillation of papers into knowledge artifacts — LLMs, guided by field-specific templates based on a universal conceptual schema, extract structured components linked to source evidence.",
        "Encoding artifacts into a high-dimensional Conceptual Tensor — Knowledge artifacts are encoded into a tensor whose modes index concepts, methods, parameters and relations, from which graphs or vector spaces are unrolled.",
        "Case study: intelligent soft matter corpus with expert template refinement — A soft-matter publication corpus was distilled, the template refined via researcher feedback cycles, and AI agents analyzed the resulting CNM for themes and gaps.",
        "Case study: DE pipeline meta-applied to HCI and KG interaction literature — HCI, knowledge-graph visualization and XAI papers were distilled into a CNM used to derive design principles and AI-assisted UI concepts for the DE platform.",
        "React/TypeScript frontend building a client-side CNM graph from Markdown — The open-source frontend parses Markdown files via a cnmBuilder.ts utility and visualizes the CNM with 3d-force-graph."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_DiscoveryEngine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_DiscoveryEngine/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-02",
        "kind": "published manuscript abstract"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025ThoughtseedsHierarchicalAgenticFramework027": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025ThoughtseedsHierarchicalAgenticFramework027",
      "abstract": "Thoughtseeds presents a hierarchical and agentic framework for investigating thought dynamics in meditative states. The framework models thoughts as self-organizing agents (thoughtseeds) that compete and cooperate within a cognitive landscape, using Active Inference to formalize the dynamics of attention, awareness, and thought emergence during meditation.",
      "keywords": [
        "Thoughtseeds",
        "meditation",
        "thought dynamics",
        "hierarchical modeling",
        "agentic framework",
        "Active Inference",
        "attention",
        "mindfulness"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Four meditation states (breath_control, mind_wandering, meta_awareness, redirect_breath) emerge from thoughtseed interactions rather than being hard-coded.",
        "Simulated experts sustain control dominance of focused attention, whereas novices show more frequent, prolonged mind_wandering episodes.",
        "Learned weights show stronger breath_focus activation during breath_control in experts (0.98) than novices (0.78).",
        "In the interaction network, experts show strong facilitation from breath focus to self-reflection, absent in novices.",
        "The authors note the model is not a comprehensive theory of consciousness and needs validation against real neuroimaging or behavioral datasets."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Three-level agent-based model of focused-attention Vipassana meditation — Levels are knowledge domains, a Thoughtseed Network of five competing thoughtseeds, and a meta-cognition layer regulating state transitions.",
        "Novice and expert state-transition matrices drawn from prior empirical research — Reference transition probabilities among four meditation states for experts and novices were derived from published focused-attention research.",
        "Rule-based hybrid learning of attractor weight matrices — Rule-based constraints optimize thoughtseed weights and interaction patterns, avoiding manual parameter tuning.",
        "Granger causality extraction of thoughtseed interaction network — Pairwise Granger tests (max lag five timesteps, chi-squared significance) define directional thoughtseed influences, then scaled and thresholded.",
        "Modified Wilson-Cowan network dynamics with winner-takes-all dominance — Competing thoughtseed populations are simulated with facilitatory/inhibitory connections and top-down meta-awareness; the most active thoughtseed dominates each timestep."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_Thoughtseeds/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_Thoughtseeds/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025TowardsScienceConsciousnessSocial028": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025TowardsScienceConsciousnessSocial028",
      "abstract": "Building on the Ant Colony Test (ACT) introduced in 2019, this paper further develops the case for using ant colonies as model systems for consciousness research. We examine how colony-level information integration, adaptive behavior, and meta-cognitive processes in ant colonies relate to proposed criteria for consciousness.",
      "keywords": [
        "consciousness",
        "ant colonies",
        "Ant Colony Test",
        "information integration",
        "collective cognition",
        "meta-cognition"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that consciousness and social complexity are both potentially scale-independent descriptors, and that Active Inference can operationalize their study separately and jointly.",
        "They argue multidimensional measures of consciousness or social complexity have no simple higher/lower ordering unless collapsed to a single value, paralleling critiques of a social 'ladder' in insects.",
        "They note that some ant social-complexity measures resemble consciousness properties yet carry little metaphysical baggage in ants, suggesting empirical measurement alone may not resolve philosophical debates.",
        "The authors propose that consciousness studies should proceed recognizing that consciousness shares many properties, and overlapping referents, with social complexity in ants.",
        "They argue against an entrenched 'Scala Conscientia', a singular ascending scale of consciousness within or across species."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "System-Measurement-Theory framing under scientific pluralism — Organizes consciousness studies by target system, empirical measurements, and theories, taking the ant colony as the system of interest.",
        "Comparative review of GWT, IIT, quantum, and FEP-based consciousness models — Reviews Global Workspace Theory, Integrated Information Theory, quantum and 'inner screen' models, and FEP-AI syntheses for their applicability to non-human systems such as ants.",
        "Operationalizing Birch et al. (2020) dimensions via Active Inference (Table 1) — Maps Birch et al.'s five dimensions of animal consciousness to Active Inference constructs and to ant social-complexity phenotypes in a juxtaposition table."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_ConsciousnessAnts/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_ConsciousnessAnts/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024AligningActiveInferenceOntology029": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024AligningActiveInferenceOntology029",
      "abstract": "We present a tentative alignment of Active Inference terms with SUMO (Suggested Upper Merged Ontology) entities. For a subset of Active Inference terms, we identify published SUMO files likely to contain correct mappings, indicate SUMO supersets and subsets, and display relationships among identified SUMO topics. This scaffolding facilitates rigorous mapping of Active Inference to SUMO.",
      "keywords": [
        "ontology alignment",
        "SUMO",
        "Active Inference Ontology",
        "knowledge representation",
        "formal ontology",
        "semantic mapping"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The document provides a scaffolding: a tentative alignment of Active Inference terms with SUMO entities, intended to support a later rigorous mapping of Active Inference to SUMO.",
        "The alignment table shows, for many core Active Inference terms, SUMO areas likely to hold corresponding topics or where new topics should be created to better match Active Inference concepts."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Tentative term-by-term alignment of Active Inference topics to SUMO entities — Built an alignment table proposing, for a subset of Active Inference Ontology terms, the SUMO files, supersets, subsets and relations likely to correspond to each topic.",
        "Grouping Active Inference topics into modules and core/entailed/supplemental lists — Organized topics into informal modules (e.g. Action, Bayesian Statistics, Markov Partitioning) and assigned each to one of three exposition lists.",
        "Structured SUMO columns: superclass/instanceOf, subclasses, domains, other relations — Situated each aligned term in SUMO via columns for more-general relations, less-general subclasses/subrelations, argument domains, and other SUMO relations.",
        "Flagging proposed terms absent from SUMO with an asterisk — Marked candidate terms not yet present in SUMO with an asterisk prefix (e.g. *ActiveState), indicating where new SUMO topics would be needed."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_OntologySUMO/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_OntologySUMO/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024BridgingGapsImageMeme031": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024BridgingGapsImageMeme031",
      "abstract": "This work advances the systematic study of image memes as communicative artifacts, developing research methodologies for analyzing their creation, distribution, and impact on public discourse. We provide frameworks for classifying meme content, tracking diffusion patterns, and assessing sensemaking impacts.",
      "keywords": [
        "image memes",
        "meme research",
        "digital communication",
        "narrative analysis",
        "rhetorical analysis",
        "sensemaking"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that image memes function as quasi-arguments whose truncated structure and visual boundary insulate them from counter-arguments.",
        "In their Toulmin analysis, the Bush/9/11 template meme claims the Ohio derailment was a government conspiracy, relying on an audience-supplied 9/11 'inside-job' warrant.",
        "DRE3 is presented as filling a gap by adding an intermediate rhetorical-semantic layer between data collection and inference of hidden public narratives.",
        "Under the fuzzy-set approach, conflicting classifications become measurements of polarization, volatility, or analyst differences rather than intercoder-reliability problems.",
        "The authors state that DRE3 elements can be incorporated piecemeal into existing meme knowledge graphs such as IMKG and MemeX."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Toulmin claim-evidence-warrant analysis of individual image memes — Applies Toulmin's argument model to illustrative memes about the 2023 East Palestine, Ohio train derailment (e.g., the G.W. Bush/9/11 template and a Bill Murray meme).",
        "DRE3 three-tier model: Instrumental, Rhetorical, and Hidden layers — Proposes a layered architecture moving from observed meme entities to extracted claims to inferred public narratives.",
        "Ecological concepts transposed to memetic claims — Uses life history, niche succession, and complex interactions from ecology to frame research questions about how memetic claims emerge, change and interact.",
        "Fuzzy set formalism for multi-analyst claim annotation — Proposes representing entity and claim annotations as fuzzy membership assertions so that disagreement between analysts becomes data rather than noise."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_ImageMemeResearch/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_ImageMemeResearch/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024ChemicalTranscriptomicDiversityDo032": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024ChemicalTranscriptomicDiversityDo032",
      "abstract": "This paper examines cockroach (Blattodea) diversity, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Blattodea encompass cockroaches and termites, representing a major insect order with diverse ecological roles. We review current understanding of blattodean taxonomy, behavior, ecology, and the evolutionary transition from solitary cockroaches to eusocial termites.",
      "keywords": [
        "Blattodea",
        "cockroach diversity",
        "termites",
        "insect ecology",
        "eusociality",
        "taxonomy",
        "evolutionary biology"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "A total of 134 CHC compounds were identified across the representative termite and cockroach species.",
        "No consistent pattern of CHC chemical complexity paralleled the levels of social complexity across the studied Blattodea species.",
        "The chemical dendrogram did not reflect the molecular phylogeny; a Mantel test found no significant correlation between them.",
        "Total CHC biosynthesis gene transcript counts did not correlate with the total number of CHC compounds detected per species.",
        "Counts of CHC biosynthesis gene transcripts did not vary systematically by social complexity level."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Seven Blattodea species spanning solitary cockroaches to OPT and ST termites — Two cockroaches and five termite species of low (one-piece) and high (separate life type) social complexity were sampled from BAM Berlin lab colonies and populations.",
        "Hexane extraction and GC-MS/MS profiling of cuticular hydrocarbons — CHCs from single cockroaches or pools of three termite workers were analyzed by GC-MS/MS and quantified as relative proportions in MassHunter.",
        "UPGMA chemical dendrogram on Manhattan distances vs published phylogeny (Mantel test) — A chemical dendrogram from Manhattan CHC distances was compared with the He et al. (2021) molecular phylogeny using Mantel tests with 9999 permutations.",
        "HMM-based counting of CHC biosynthesis gene transcripts in whole-body transcriptomes — HMMs built from orthologs across 17 insect proteomes were searched against the seven species' proteomes with hmmsearch, then verified against Swiss-Prot.",
        "Poisson GLM and chi-square tests of transcript and compound counts — A Poisson GLM compared transcript counts across social complexity levels, and a chi-square test compared transcript counts with CHC compound counts per species."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_BlattodeaDiversity/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_BlattodeaDiversity/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024CommentsNationalDigitalTwins033": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024CommentsNationalDigitalTwins033",
      "abstract": "Digital Twins are useful enough to be dangerous. US Government Agency interest in funding and facilitating research, development, engineering, and implementation of Digital Twins (alongside factors related to their safe implementation) is therefore both reassuring and urgently necessary. Factors such as trustworthiness, reliability, interoperability, stability, sustainability, and responsible use must be addressed now, as there may not be another opportunity to do so before mass proliferation. If these factors can be adequately addressed, Digital Twins hold the potential to integrate physical and digital space – sparking a renaissance of capability exploration that will expand the horizons of research and commerce. If they are not, Digital Twins will inadvertently – but inevitably – become an evergreen source of threats and frustrations that will continue to challenge future generations. Here we argue that (i) conceptually, Digital Twins are not new – and thus we can learn from the common vulnerabilities, exploits, and remedies developed by prior approaches to closely-related problems in control theory and cybernetics, (ii) stable reference and data management capabilities and provisioning considerations are the underlying (but often-overlooked) prerequisites to building reliable Digital Twins, and (iii) the functional surface of a Digital Twin is roughly identical to its threat surface. We conclude with summary recommendations.",
      "keywords": [
        "digital twins",
        "Active Inference",
        "generative models",
        "predictive processing",
        "cyber-physical systems",
        "simulation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The submitters argue Digital Twins are not conceptually new, so lessons on vulnerabilities, exploits and remedies from control theory and cybernetics can be reused.",
        "They argue a Digital Twin can never perfectly map its physical counterpart and that the cyber-physical gap inevitably grows over time.",
        "They argue the functional surface of a cyber-physical system is essentially indistinguishable from its threat surface.",
        "They recommend treating common data and reference management as critical infrastructure for Digital Twin ecosystems.",
        "They recommend treating cognitive security of Digital Twin interfaces as equally important to cyber- and network-security in the research portfolio."
      ],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_DigitalTwins/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024EnhancingPopulationBasedSearch034": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024EnhancingPopulationBasedSearch034",
      "abstract": "We propose integrating Active Inference into population-based metaheuristics to enhance performance through anticipatory environmental adaptation. Demonstrated with Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) on the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), experimental results indicate Active Inference yields improved solutions with marginal increase in computational cost, with performance patterns relating to graph topology.",
      "keywords": [
        "population search",
        "Active Inference",
        "Ant Colony Optimization",
        "TSP",
        "metaheuristics",
        "anticipatory adaptation",
        "computational optimization"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The Active Inference-enhanced ACO gave mean tour-length improvements over basic ACO at every graph size tested, peaking at 8.81% for 100-node graphs.",
        "Relative computational overhead fell with graph size, from 9.46% at 25 nodes to 1.97% at 500 nodes.",
        "Tour-length improvements were significant by paired t-test and Wilcoxon test, but the Mann-Whitney U test found no significant difference in overall distributions.",
        "The computation-time difference was not statistically significant at the 0.05 level.",
        "The authors note high variability in tour lengths for both algorithms, with performance gains varying considerably across graph types."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Active Inference-augmented Ant Colony Optimization for the TSP — ACO is extended with a belief-update mechanism and a free-energy calculation so ant node selection adapts to current tour quality.",
        "Belief-weighted node selection and free-energy tour scoring — Belief is set from current versus best path length, scales pheromone/distance selection probabilities, and enters a free energy of path length plus entropy.",
        "Benchmark against basic ACO and Nearest Neighbor on random symmetric graphs — The AI-enhanced ACO was compared to basic ACO and a Nearest Neighbor heuristic on randomly generated symmetric graphs of several sizes.",
        "Paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and Mann-Whitney U tests — Tour length and computation time differences between basic and AI-enhanced ACO were assessed with paired and non-parametric tests.",
        "Python implementation released with appendix code and GitHub repo — Python implementations of all methods are given in the appendix, with extended ANOVA results in the haailabs/ActiveACO repository."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_PopulationSearch/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_PopulationSearch/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024FarmWorksDecentralizedAIAgents035": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024FarmWorksDecentralizedAIAgents035",
      "abstract": "Project description submitted as part of application to Future of Life Institute - How to mitigate AI-driven power concentration Climate change intensifies agricultural challenges, requiring more and more advanced technological solutions. Small farmers increasingly rely on technical assistance, which is becoming centralized, dominated by large agricultural corporations and governments imposing sophisticated pre-designated solutions. As AI proliferates within these centralized solutions, diseases mitigation methods, climate credits, government subsidies, and regulations risk monopolizing farmers' activities. This tendency, amplified by AI development, threatens to undermine farmers' autonomy and limit their ability to make independent decisions, converting them into consumers of centralized technological solutions. We propose to develop FarmWorks — a platform for human-AI interaction in agriculture that enables personalized, farm-scale solutions while resisting power concentration associated with centralized AI systems. FarmWorks addresses the above challenges by providing an open source decentralized AI-powered agricultural platform that empowers individual farmers with cutting-edge technology while preserving their autonomy and promoting sustainable practices. By integrating real-time data collection, edge computing, and Active Inference models, FarmWorks enables farmers to make informed decisions tailored to their specific contexts (for example, integrating humidity data and epidemiological models to assist farmers with remediative and anticipatory treatments for mold).",
      "keywords": [
        "FarmWorks",
        "decentralized AI",
        "precision agriculture",
        "Active Inference",
        "sensor networks",
        "edge computing",
        "farmer autonomy",
        "sustainable agriculture",
        "IoT",
        "community-driven innovation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Proposes FarmWorks, an open-source decentralized platform for human-AI interaction in agriculture intended to resist power concentration from centralized AI.",
        "Argues that Active Inference models in RxInfer.jl can be more computationally efficient and interpretable than deep or reinforcement learning for decentralized settings.",
        "Sets as a core design principle a coherent but flexible coupling between users' self-models and FarmWorks, and between users.",
        "Organizes the work into six work packages over a two-year timeline with stated evaluation metrics and risk mitigations."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Planned on-site sensor network (Vin-Q/ROMI) over 4G, 5G and LoRa — WP1 proposes solar-powered sensors measuring soil and climate variables, with pilot installation in 20 Vin-Q fields in Catalonia.",
        "Farm-local data processing with optional sharing of model updates only — WP2 proposes per-farm instances where training data stays local and only model updates may be shared into a larger model.",
        "Active Inference generative models built with RxInfer.jl — WP4 plans variational/expected free energy models, including wine-grape epidemiological and intervention models, implemented in RxInfer.jl.",
        "Telegram-based virtual assistant optionally using local open-source LLMs — WP3 proposes a chat-bot interface to each farm's personalized knowledge database, with custom alerts and recommendations.",
        "QR/NFC embodied permission transfer for a data-sharing social network — WP5 proposes simple QR code or NFC exchanges to grant data access between farmers within existing networks of trust."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_FarmWorks/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_FarmWorks/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024FederatedInferenceBeliefSharing036": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024FederatedInferenceBeliefSharing036",
      "abstract": "This paper concerns the distributed intelligence or federated inference that emerges under belief-sharing among agents who share a common world—and world model. Imagine, for example, several animals keeping a lookout for predators. Their collective surveillance rests upon being able to communicate their beliefs—about what they see—among themselves. But, how is this possible? Here, we show how all the necessary components arise from minimising free energy. We use numerical studies to simulate the generation, acquisition and emergence of language in synthetic agents. Specifically, we consider inference, learning and selection as minimising the variational free energy of posterior (i.e., Bayesian) beliefs about the states, parameters and structure of generative models, respectively. The common theme—that attends these optimisation processes—is the selection of actions that minimise expected free energy, leading to active inference, learning and model selection (a.k.a., structure learning). We first illustrate the role of communication in resolving uncertainty about the latent states of a partially observed world, on which agents have complementary perspectives. We then consider the acquisition of the requisite language—entailed by a likelihood mapping from an agent’s beliefs to their overt expression (e.g., speech)—showing that language can be transmitted across generations by active learning. Finally, we show that language is an emergent property of free energy minimisation, when agents operate within the same econiche. We conclude with a discussion of various perspectives on these phenomena; ranging from cultural niche construction, through federated learning, to the emergence of complexity in ensembles of self-organising systems.",
      "keywords": [
        "federated inference",
        "belief sharing",
        "Active Inference",
        "distributed intelligence",
        "multi-agent systems",
        "message passing",
        "collective cognition",
        "privacy-preserving inference"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "With communication, the third agent resolved uncertainty about the subject's location by the third epoch, versus only after seeing it at the fifth epoch without communication.",
        "In the generational simulation, children's learned auditory mappings were almost identical to their parents' after four generations, acquired solely through active learning.",
        "Three language-naive agents exposed to 512 episodes converged on shared mappings in which nearly every hidden state became associated with a unique shared 'word'.",
        "A novice lacking precise visual mappings learned, from hearing supervisors, a visual mapping making her inferences indistinguishable from theirs by about 64 exposures.",
        "The authors state two technical contributions: belief-sharing among agents with different vantage points, and a belief-updating procedure for learning and model selection."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Numerical simulations of language generation, acquisition and emergence — Synthetic agents are simulated to study belief-sharing, with inference, learning and selection cast as minimising variational free energy over states, parameters and structure.",
        "Discrete-state generative model of three sentinels observing a subject — Three agents with complementary views share a model with location, proximity, pose and gaze factors, four visual, one proprioceptive and three auditory modalities.",
        "With/without-communication comparison via zero-precision auditory mappings — Communication is ablated by reducing auditory likelihood precision so agents can neither generate nor recognise auditory cues.",
        "Active learning of Dirichlet counts and structure learning via Bayesian model reduction — Language acquisition uses accumulation of Dirichlet counts; emergence uses structure learning updating priors over Dirichlet counts with Bayesian model reduction.",
        "SPM Matlab routines (spm_MDP_VB_XXX.m) for belief updating — Generic belief updates were implemented with standard SPM academic software routines."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_FederatedInference/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_FederatedInference/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024FourFoldFieldsQuantum037": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024FourFoldFieldsQuantum037",
      "abstract": "A very human consideration about taking perspectives on frameworks, told through an adventure playing out in a moment at a Quantum Baseball Spring Training gym.",
      "keywords": [
        "quantum mechanics",
        "art",
        "phenomenology",
        "Active Inference",
        "visual analysis",
        "symbolism",
        "Morse code"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that a gap in a framework can either be retained as-is (barrier-like) or filled, enabling different functions.",
        "They argue a trade-off between stability/rigidity and adjustability affordance exists in frameworks, typically settled by the rack's fabricator.",
        "They propose that a framework does not do the work but provides room for work to be done.",
        "They argue blind spots exist from any vantage point and that moving attention, eyes and body removes them."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "First-person visual-phenomenological reflection on a gym squat rack — The essay restricts itself to visually triggered experiences and thoughts while looking at a squat-rack framework during 'Spring Training' in a gym.",
        "Successively zoomed photographs of the rack used as the case — Photographs of the rack are shown and zoomed in twice on a blurry region to isolate the gap between two vertical structures.",
        "Extended baseball metaphor and staged dialog interlude — The piece is framed as a Quantum Baseball spring training, with a mock radio ad and an ExecutI'VE/ExecutOR dialog as a '7th inning stretch'."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_QuantumDreams/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_QuantumDreams/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024MathArtStream8William038": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024MathArtStream8William038",
      "abstract": "This Stream: 0. What might Blake have to do with any of this? 1. A view on Blake’s view on Art 2. A view on Blake’s view on Math 3. A view on Blake’s view on Active Inference",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "mathematics",
        "art",
        "prophetic vision",
        "geometric structures",
        "Active Inference"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Proposes reading Blake's 'Four-Fold vision' as one contextualization of how Blake situates science and formality, with 'Newton's Sleep' as single vision.",
        "Poses, as an open question, how Blake's tetrahedral four-fold concordances could connect with the four-fold particular partition of the Free Energy Principle.",
        "Links Blake's 'Minute Particulars' to the particular partition, glossed as what makes an agent of every thing within a scale-free framework.",
        "Highlights a quoted line from a featured page of Narrative Unbound that “deep structures” are misnomers of “unstable structures”, and relates it to hierarchical depth in Active Inference generative models."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Four-part livestream slide outline on Blake's views — The slide deck structures the stream around Blake's view on art, on math, and on Active Inference, with an open fourth section.",
        "Curated quotations and secondary Blake scholarship — Slides juxtapose Blake quotations with cited secondary works on Blake, mathematics, science and cognition (e.g. White, Kobayashi, Lee, McGilchrist).",
        "ActiveInferAnts package scans of Blake's works for terms — Points to methods in the open-source ActiveInferAnts package that scan Blake's works and extract references to terms like System, Math, Science."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_MathArtBlake/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_MathArtBlake/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024SensemakingFederationExploringFrontiers039": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024SensemakingFederationExploringFrontiers039",
      "abstract": "This transcript comes from an event “Sensemaking Federation: Exploring the Frontiers of Digital Innovation” on December 5, 2024: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5R3VmqrE2Zg , hosted by the Sensemaking Scenius http://welcome.scenius.space . The panel was facilitated by Kristen Pavle and featured Jack Park, Marc-Antoine Parent, Aaditya (Sonny) Bhatia, and Daniel Friedman, as well as other participants at the meeting. This version of the transcript has been lightly edited for readability. For verbatim quotations, please refer to the original recording.",
      "keywords": [
        "sensemaking federation",
        "digital innovation",
        "knowledge federation",
        "collaborative sensemaking",
        "decentralized infrastructure"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Jack Park describes his vision of a federation of servers acting as digital public libraries indexing knowledge artifacts created in epistemic communities he calls K-Hubs.",
        "Marc-Antoine Parent proposes nested, recursive frames as the unit of knowledge to bridge informal stories and formal data for federation.",
        "Parent proposes 'forking meaning': concepts found ambiguous get a distinguishing question and branches, producing an update cascade to reduce ambiguity in the federation.",
        "Sonny Bhatia argues trust is easier under a final decision authority with set protocols, but must be built slowly in ad hoc communities.",
        "Park rejects the premise of a single ontology for sensemaking, describing instead a plurality of ontologies, with IBIS used for structured conversation in SenseCraft."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Lightly edited transcript of a recorded Sensemaking Scenius panel — The work is a readability-edited transcript of a December 5, 2024 online panel; the recording is the reference for verbatim quotes.",
        "Facilitated panel (~45 min) followed by open Q&A with participants — Kristen Pavle facilitated, Daniel Friedman moderated panelists Park, Parent and Bhatia, with chat questions taken in a later discussion phase."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_SensemakingFederation/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_SensemakingFederation/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024SharedProtentionsMultiAgent040": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024SharedProtentionsMultiAgent040",
      "abstract": "We develop the concept of shared protentions—shared anticipatory states—in multi-agent Active Inference. Protentions are future-directed expectations that shape perception and action; here we formalize how agents can develop shared protentions through coupled generative models, enabling coordinated anticipatory behavior in multi-agent systems.",
      "keywords": [
        "shared protentions",
        "multi-agent",
        "Active Inference",
        "anticipation",
        "coupled generative models",
        "coordination",
        "predictive processing"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Replacing the trivial interface with a hom over all agents' blankets yields agents that predict their own and companions' actions plus the environment's response, a starting point for formal theory of mind.",
        "The authors argue that if agents' models can be glued into a sheaf of world models, the agents inhabit a shared universe and may be said to share protentions; failure to glue indicates disagreement.",
        "The paper proposes shared protentions as an emergent, possibly necessary, property of collective self-organization.",
        "The authors state the proposal is broad and does not yet provide a specific testable model, leaving that to future work."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Husserlian time-consciousness as conceptual basis for shared goals — Uses Husserl's retention, primal impression, and protention, extended to intersubjectivity, to cast shared goals as shared protentions.",
        "Polynomial-functor formalization of agent boundaries and generative models — Represents agents' Markov blankets as polynomial functors with stochastic feedback, using tensors and hom polynomials to model multi-agent prediction.",
        "Sheaf- and topos-theoretic gluing of agents' world models — Proposes gluing agents' spatial generative models into a sheaf of world models and their toposes into a consensus topos representing shared understanding."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_SharedProtentions/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_SharedProtentions/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024ActiveInferenceInstituteActive041": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024ActiveInferenceInstituteActive041",
      "abstract": "This document surveys the current state of The Active Inference Institute and The Active Inference Ecosystem , in the context of our current and future directions. As embodied agents, we aim to update our decisions, goals and predictions as an institute by actively gathering (sampling) insights (observations) from our members. As Heraclitus once said “No one ever steps in the same river twice. For it’s never the same river and it’s never the same person”. In the same way, the Institute evolves with each new member, accumulating a variety of perspectives to drive improvement.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference Institute",
        "organizational update",
        "open science",
        "community"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Reports that in 2024 the Institute received official recognition as a 501(c)(3) non-profit, with pro bono support from the Fried Frank law firm.",
        "Reports that, as of November 2024, 5 Research Fellows had joined the new Fellows program.",
        "Reports that the Institute's Discord server, its primary discussion and meeting venue, has over 1000 people.",
        "Reports that the Institute had released over 500 videos to date.",
        "Frames the Institute as recognizing the benefits of an 'open' ecosystem approach rather than taking a closed, laboratory-centric approach alone, which might have siloed Active Inference."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Collaboratively edited living document published as a linear v2 snapshot — The Institute & Ecosystem living document, edited with a full trace of edits, is concatenated into a linear 2024 v2 snapshot with a Zenodo DOI.",
        "Structure derived from the 2023 paper, extended September-November 2024 — The document's sections come from the 2023 paper and were added to by the contributor team in late 2024.",
        "Prepare and Measure goal-setting and reporting system — Describes the Institute's 2024 low-stakes reporting system in which members set goals and report back, with updates surfaced in the newsletter."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_AII_v2/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_AII_v2/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024WayFindingInfiniteImaginarium042": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024WayFindingInfiniteImaginarium042",
      "abstract": "Way Finding in the Infinite Imaginarium explores epistemic tempos and modes of knowledge production, using structured operational frameworks to navigate creative and intellectual exploration. The work juxtaposes different rhythms of knowing—from rapid intuitive insight to slow deliberate analysis—within creative production contexts.",
      "keywords": [
        "epistemic tempos",
        "knowledge production",
        "creative exploration",
        "way finding",
        "imagination",
        "operational frameworks"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The essay contrasts \"gap-filling\" epistemic modes (solid, wide, slow) with \"gap-respecting\" modes (diaphanous, fast).",
        "It argues that responding to a question involves at least two archetypal modes: resolving it toward known answers, or \"canal jumping\" to reframe it.",
        "The second response mode is said to reflect Subject Matter Expertise and also present as Prediction Matter Expertise.",
        "It concludes that language is gap-respecting."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Spatial metaphor of Known territory, Gray Zone, and Dark Imaginarium — The essay frames inquiry as a situation divided into known, peripheral, and unknown territories.",
        "Domino and Jenga-tower metaphors for speech acts and questions — Uses stacked dominoes for uttered phonemes and verbal expression, and a Jenga tower for a question built by the questioner.",
        "Illustrative student-librarian example (Alice and Bob) — Walks through Alice asking librarian Bob where a geometry book is to illustrate factual versus tacit know-how responses."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_InfiniteImaginarium/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_InfiniteImaginarium/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024WhyPaleolithicRockstarsWere043": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024WhyPaleolithicRockstarsWere043",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2024WritingCurioCardsNFT044": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024WritingCurioCardsNFT044",
      "abstract": "Curio Cards is the first art NFT project on Ethereum, launched as a permanent online art show gallery on May 9, 2017. Curio Cards used Ethereum to establish a new model for the creation and ownership of digital artwork. The Curio Cards approach was to create a unique set of rare collectible art, with contributions from seven artists with different styles and backgrounds. In doing so, Curio Cards pioneered a new way for artists to receive value for their work, interact with collectors, and build a broader community. The official set of Curio Cards contains 30 pieces of art (also, there is a misprint of 17, titled 17b). The seven artists who created the art for Curio Cards (and the cards they created) are Phneep (1–10, 14–16, 20), Cryptograffiti (11–13), Cryptopop (17–19), Robek World (21–23), Daniel Friedman (24–26), Max Infeld aka Marisol Vengas (27–29), and Thoros of Myr (30). Various media were used in the creation of Curio Cards, including digital art, printmaking, pen and paper, mixed media, and animation. The NFTs 24–29 contain perhaps the first physical artworks represented on the Ethereum blockchain, and 23 may be the first animated GIF on the Ethereum blockchain. For further contextualization of each artist, we encourage readers and art historians to explore the varied projects that each artist has contributed to. Curio Cards are referenced in the original ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, and introduced several other computational features that were novel for the time. The Curio Cards project thus reflects a developmental advance in art itself, as well as in the social and computational aspects of art.",
      "keywords": [
        "Curio Cards",
        "Ethereum",
        "NFT art",
        "art gallery",
        "art history"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors describe Curio Cards, launched May 9, 2017, as the first art NFT project on Ethereum, framed as a permanent online art show gallery.",
        "The official set has 30 artworks (plus the misprint 17b) by seven artists, including Daniel Friedman's cards 24-26.",
        "The authors suggest NFTs 24-29 may be the first physical artworks represented on Ethereum, and card 23 may be the first animated GIF on Ethereum.",
        "Curio Cards are referenced in the original ERC-721 standard, and the authors argue the project reflects an advance in art and its social and computational aspects."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Catalogue table of all 30 Curio Cards with on-chain metadata — Lists each card's artist, title, timestamp, medium, chain, contract address, token ID and edition size."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_CurioCards/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_CurioCards/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023GuidedTourThroughSpaces045": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023GuidedTourThroughSpaces045",
      "abstract": "This comment on Friston et al.'s 'Path integrals, particular kinds, and strange things' connects the typology of particular kinds to Aaron Sloman's 1984 project of mapping 'mindspace.' The paper argues that the proposed typology—based on particle dynamics and generative model structure—provides a principled, non-anthropocentric contribution to the cartography of possible minds. Active Inference provides a framework for measuring, modeling, and implementing such minds, while the FEP provides firs",
      "keywords": [
        "path integrals",
        "particular kinds",
        "mindspace",
        "Active Inference",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "consciousness",
        "Sloman",
        "non-anthropocentric",
        "sentience taxonomy"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that the typology of particular kinds in the target paper can be seen as a possible contribution to mapping the space of possible minds.",
        "They propose that as particles move from inert to active, conservative, and strange, they can be seen as moving toward higher values on Gray et al.'s 'agency' axis.",
        "They suggest the typology of particular kinds can serve as an exemplar and underlying scheme for building or revising taxonomies of mind more precisely.",
        "From their teaching, the authors report finding the target paper's scope and visual representations almost uniquely relevant in educational settings."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Comparing Friston et al.'s particular kinds with existing taxonomies of minds — The comment sets the target paper's typology of particular kinds against mindspace proposals by Sloman, Gray et al., Deacon, and Yudkowsky as signposts for future research.",
        "Reflection from teaching 5 cohorts of Active Inference textbook groups — The authors draw on their experience learning and teaching the 2022 Active Inference textbook at the Active Inference Institute to judge the target paper's educational value."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_GuidedTourMinds/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_GuidedTourMinds/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023SinglePheromoneModelAccounts046": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023SinglePheromoneModelAccounts046",
      "abstract": "We present a computational model showing that a single pheromone accounts for empirical patterns of ant colony foraging previously modeled using two pheromones. Our model demonstrates that the dynamics of pheromone deposition, evaporation, and ant behavioral responses to concentration gradients can produce the full range of observed foraging patterns with a simpler single-pheromone mechanism.",
      "keywords": [
        "pheromone",
        "ant foraging",
        "computational model",
        "collective behavior",
        "stigmergy",
        "trail formation",
        "parsimony"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The main reported observations of Dussutour et al. can be explained by a one-pheromone model.",
        "A one-pheromone model accounts for equal initial E+F preference across conditions followed by divergence after about 15 minutes.",
        "The one-pheromone model also accounts for preference flipping in the dynamic-environment experiment, and one optimized parameter set fits both figures reasonably.",
        "The authors conclude that two pheromones are plausible but unnecessary, so the original study is not dispositive evidence for a two-pheromone model.",
        "The model predicts that with food on both branches traffic equalizes without the oscillation predicted by the two-pheromone model."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Reanalysis of Dussutour et al. (2009) Pheidole megacephala Y-maze data — Uses the published Y-maze branch-choice results (Experiments 1, 2 and 4) of Dussutour et al. as the empirical target; no new ant experiments were run.",
        "One-pheromone model with exponential decay and power-law amplification — Models a single attractant pheromone that decays exponentially and is perceived through a concave power-law sensory amplification minus a noise level.",
        "Branch preference as a product of two sigmoid functions — Choice probability is modeled as a product of logistic terms for the difference between branches and the overall signal robustness.",
        "Manual fitting and L-BFGS-B optimization in Python/SciPy — Parameters were set by manual adjustment, then optimized with SciPy's bounded L-BFGS-B minimizing squared error against values read from the original figures.",
        "Simulation of the dynamic-environment food-switching experiment — Simulated Experiment 4 with differing per-ant deposit rates on food vs no-food branches and total traffic around 50 ants per minute."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_SinglePheromone/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_SinglePheromone/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023SnapshotPipelineTissueSpecific047": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023SnapshotPipelineTissueSpecific047",
      "abstract": "The honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) is a pivotal species in both ecological and research contexts, serving as a model organism for studying complex social behavior and physiological processes. A critical aspect of understanding these complexities is the analysis of tissue-specific gene expression (TSGE), a challenging task due to the need to handle large bioinformatics data and manual tissue processing. In this study, we present a meta-analytic approach to investigate TSGE in A. mellifera , harnessing various open-source bioinformatics packages. From an initial pool of 4349 samples and 12,398 loci, our rigorous analysis resulted in a snapshot of 731 samples and 177 loci, representing high-quality estimates of TSGE patterns. This snapshot is publicly available, serving as a valuable resource for researchers interested in A. mellifera and beyond. Ongoing work will refine this analytical tool and expand its application to other species, thereby contributing to the broader understanding of gene expression patterns.",
      "keywords": [
        "honey bees",
        "Apis mellifera",
        "tissue-specific gene expression",
        "meta-analysis",
        "RNA-Seq",
        "bioinformatics"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "From 4349 samples and 12,398 loci, AMALGKIT processing retained 731 samples and 177 loci, released as a public July 2023 TSGE snapshot.",
        "Curation reduced 133 uniquely named tissues to 54 groups; whole adult body, brain and mushroom body made up 62.3% of samples.",
        "Optional metadata fields were largely blank (e.g. 99.1% genotype, 67.5% sex, 77.8% age), limiting their use as surrogate variables in harmonization.",
        "Average library size increased over time, but publication date explained only a small fraction of variance in total bases (R2=0.061).",
        "The authors suggest several possible reasons for the heavy winnowing: heterogeneous experiments, asymmetric tissue coverage with single-tissue designs, and incomplete metadata that may have underpowered surrogate variable analysis."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Entrez/NCBI SRA query for Apis mellifera Illumina RNA-seq samples — Public RNA-seq samples were gathered via an Entrez search filtered to A. mellifera, Illumina platforms, rnaseq type and SRA biosample.",
        "Six-script MetaInformAnt pipeline built on AMALGKIT — A versioned, openly available pipeline of six scripts covered environment setup, genome and metadata download, SRA download, quantification and curation.",
        "Metadata tissue-name harmonization script — A 2.5_update_metadata.py script corrected inconsistent tissue labels so equivalent samples (e.g. variants of 'whole body') were grouped together.",
        "fastp QC, kallisto pseudoalignment, amalgkit curation — Raw reads were QC'd with fastp, quantified with kallisto against Amel_HAv3.1, and merged/normalized into one dataset with amalgkit.",
        "PCA, clustering and differential expression descriptives — Post-processing scripts ran principal component, clustering and differential expression analyses on the curated expression data."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_HoneyBeeGeneExpression/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_HoneyBeeGeneExpression/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023VariationalSynthesisEvolutionaryDevelopmental048": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023VariationalSynthesisEvolutionaryDevelopmental048",
      "abstract": "This paper introduces a variational formulation of natural selection, using the Bayesian mechanics of particular partitions to understand how slow phylogenetic processes constrain fast phenotypic processes. The main result is a formulation of adaptive fitness as a path integral of phenotypic fitness, unifying evolutionary and developmental dynamics through the Free Energy Principle.",
      "keywords": [
        "variational synthesis",
        "natural selection",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "Bayesian mechanics",
        "path integral",
        "evo-devo",
        "adaptive fitness",
        "particular partition"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The main result is a formulation of adaptive fitness as a path integral of phenotypic fitness, with least-action paths read as inference (phenotypic) and learning (phylogenetic).",
        "The synthesis implies that a population of conspecifics cannot be modelled per se; one must consider populations of distinct natural kinds that influence each other.",
        "Genotype and phenotype fitness are both selected through minimisation of the same free energy functional (Bayesian model evidence).",
        "In the synaptic-selection simulation, free energy progressively decreased at the slow timescale as synapses enabling the cell to predict its inputs were selected.",
        "The authors caution that the account is limited to mathematical apparatus, is not a process theory, and did not examine when the variational fitness lemma holds."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Bayesian mechanics of particular partitions (free energy principle) — Particular partitions are used to analyze how slow phylogenetic processes constrain and are constrained by fast phenotypic processes.",
        "Two coupled random dynamical systems linked by a renormalisation group — Phylogenetic and phenotypic processes are modelled as two random dynamical systems coupled via renormalisation-group reduction and grouping operators.",
        "Variational recipe: Bayesian filtering plus stochastic gradient descent on action — A four-step protocol samples particles, finds least-action paths by generalised Bayesian filtering, scores the free-energy path integral, and updates parameters.",
        "Numerical simulation of synaptic selection in a single neuron — A single dendrite with 20 synapses over five segments was simulated over 64 cycles, with synapses eliminated via Bayesian model reduction on synaptic precision."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_VariationalSynthesis/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_VariationalSynthesis/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023AccountActiveInferenceModeling050": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023AccountActiveInferenceModeling050",
      "abstract": "In Active Inference, we develop (ensembles of) generative models of ecosystems of shared intelligence by accounting for cognitive system and phenomena. The work of developing generative models is more like doing accounting than doing calculation, memorization, or inference itself – the generative model does the inference for us. One of our functional roles or capacities as an engaged generative modeler, is to take an analytical stance towards accounting for cognitive properties, processes, and perspectives. In this setting, we are the Active AccountAnts. The generative model we create is an Active InferAnt.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference",
        "generative modeling",
        "accounting metaphor",
        "Active AccountAnts",
        "cognitive modeling",
        "epistemic agency",
        "model development"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The author argues Active Inference's breadth rests on a first-principles scale-free approach rather than a scheme specific to cognitive systems: it can say more because it says less.",
        "Building even simple cognitive phenomena (e.g. learning, attention) into the core formulation would, the author argues, restrict the scope of analysis to systems with that character.",
        "Natural-language descriptors of cognitive phenomena are treated as secondary relational attributions about a realized generative model, not intrinsic aspects of the system.",
        "The essay suggests the financial–cognitive accounting connection may run deeper than analogy, via category theory, but leaves this to future work."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Analogy between financial accounting and generative modeling — The essay frames building Active Inference generative models as accounting rather than calculation, using a spreadsheet/financial accounting situation as the guiding analogy.",
        "Research vs. Application distinction illustrated with a spreadsheet — Uses the example of validating spreadsheet addition to separate Research questions from question-driven Application."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_AccountActiveInference/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_AccountActiveInference/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023CognitiveSovereigntyActiveInference051": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023CognitiveSovereigntyActiveInference051",
      "abstract": "This paper provides an analysis of Giorgio Agamben's book Homo Sacer in the tradition of Active Inference. Homo Sacer articulates the relationship between bare life and political existence in Western politics and metaphysics. Agamben argues that politics is founded on the inclusive exclusion of bare life, where natural biological life – the physiology and cognition of the body – is politicized only through its exclusion as an exception. Drawing on Aristotle's definition of man as a political animal, Agamben traces the historical development of this structure and its continuation in modern biopolitics. Here we develop the above concepts in the setting of cognitive sovereignty and connect Agamben's framing of the political state of exception with Thomas Kuhn's theory of revolutionary science. We assert that realized epistemic agency is grounded in the enacted policy selection of the cognitive sovereign. A given paradigmatic framework, whether in the normal political or normal scientific setting, establishes what counts as valid knowledge and action. Such normative establishments periodically enter crises, which are exited by cognitive and material restructuring downstream of the sovereign's cognitive agency (an agent's cognitive sovereignty). The paper explores how Active Inference, a theoretical framework for scientific inference, can enhance our understanding of sovereignty, agency, and the state of exception. As an introductory offering into this space, several concordances are drawn between Active Inference and Homo Sacer . Specifically: the state of exception is discussed in terms of affordances, bare life is discussed in terms of variational free energy, and sovereign agency is discussed in terms of expected free energy. Pseudocode of an \"Active Stateference\" entity is provided. Overall, this paper offers an initial accounting of Homo Sacer from the Active Inference perspective, and sketches some salient directions for understanding the dynamics of power, knowledge, and sovereignty in politics and science.",
      "keywords": [
        "cognitive sovereignty",
        "Agamben",
        "Homo Sacer",
        "Active Inference",
        "state of exception",
        "Thomas Kuhn",
        "paradigm shifts",
        "epistemic agency",
        "biopolitics",
        "bare life"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Asserts that realized epistemic agency is grounded in the enacted policy selection of the cognitive sovereign.",
        "Argues that sovereigns in a state of exception gain exceptional affordances that emerge from new precision dynamics, sustained by perceiving the state as dangerous.",
        "Proposes that the subject's VFE-bare life connection grounds the sovereign's EFE-agency relationship through the state of exception.",
        "Concludes that, under 'Bayesian State Mechanics', the sovereign's expected free energy causally influences the subject's variational free energy.",
        "Notes that the current model considers only one agent and outlines extensions to multi-agent 'Active GovernAnts', cognitive security and quantum settings."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Close reading of Agamben's Homo Sacer — Summarizes and contextualizes Agamben's account of bare life, sovereignty and the state of exception as the foundation for later sections.",
        "Agamben-Kuhn analogy of exception and revolutionary science — Treats Kuhnian paradigm shifts as analogous to the sovereign decision on the state of exception, both grounding what counts as valid.",
        "Mapping via the Active Inference Ontology (affordances, VFE, EFE) — Uses Active Inference Ontology terms to map the state of exception to affordances, bare life to VFE, and sovereign agency to EFE.",
        "'Active Stateference' Python-style pseudocode — Provides draft pseudocode of a single-agent generative model with lawful/unlawful/just/unjust states, a remapped model under exception, and a VFE loop."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_CognitiveSovereignty/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_CognitiveSovereignty/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023CommentsAIAccountabilityPolicy052": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023CommentsAIAccountabilityPolicy052",
      "abstract": "As a result of recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a focus of popular discussion. Risks associated with AI have been considered for as long as such technologies have been imagined, and have been considered from a wide variety of perspectives. As such, there has been no shortage of discourse on the matter and there are now numerous calls to consider regulation, ethical frameworks, and even full halts to continued research on AI. Here we argue (i) that despite the very real risks associated with AI technologies, blanket regulation of and ethical frameworks for the broad range of AI technologies are inappropriate and likely to generate negative externalities and new conflicts, (ii) that instead, facilitation of amendment and adaptation of adjacent regulatory and self-regulatory systems, and instantiation of new professionalization, insurance, and self-regulatory structures would be far more productive, practical, and safe, and (iii) that the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) is uniquely positioned to perform such facilitation and related convening and recommendation, given its mission and history. We conclude with summary recommendations.",
      "keywords": [
        "AI accountability",
        "NTIA",
        "policy comment",
        "cognitive security",
        "P3IF",
        "information risk",
        "AI governance",
        "synthetic intelligence"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue blanket regulation and ethical frameworks for AI as a whole are inappropriate and likely to generate negative externalities and new conflicts.",
        "They argue sectoral standards (e.g. 'AI in medicine') built on existing licensure and duties of care are more practical than standards for AI as a whole.",
        "The comment describes HIPPO, a no-fault mutual self-insurance structure considered in forthcoming proposals by several contributors, with strict liability, pooled reserve and mass contract components.",
        "They call for data 'meta-standards' covering stable external reference to data and abstract entities, verified clearinghouses/data trusts, and annotation affordances.",
        "They recommend NTIA act as facilitating and convening authority for professionalization, data standardization/stable reference, and insurance-like structures."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Joint public comment to NTIA docket NTIA-2023-0005-0001 — Four organizations (IRSIRI, AII, PFH, COGSEC) submitted a policy comment organized as background/basis followed by recommendations.",
        "BOLTS (business, operations, legal, technical, social) framing — The authors frame AI use-cases and risks across business, operations, legal, technical and social contexts drawing on their combined backgrounds."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_AIAccountability/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_AIAccountability/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023DistributedScienceScientificProcess053": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023DistributedScienceScientificProcess053",
      "abstract": "The scientific process plays out in a multi-scale system comprising subsystems, each with their own properties and dynamics. For the practice of science to generate useful world models—and lead to the development of enabling technologies—practicing scientists, their theories, methods, dissemination, and infrastructure (e.g., funding and laboratories) must all fit together in an orchestrated manner. Scientific practice has broad societal implications that go beyond mere scientific progress: we base our decisions on theoretical (i.e., models and forecasts) and technological (e.g., vaccines and smartphones) scientific advances. This paper applies the free energy principle to provide a multi-scale description of science understood as evidence-seeking processes in a nested hierarchy of living (biological and behavioural) and epistemic (linguistic) structures. This allows us to naturalise the scientific process—as distributed self-evidencing—in terms of dynamics that can be read as inference or Bayesian belief updating; i.e., processes that maximize the evidence for a generative model of the sensed and measured world. The ensuing meta-theoretical approach dispels the notion of science as truth-pointing and foregrounds inference to the best explanation—as evinced by the beliefs of scientists and their encultured niche. Crucially, it furnishes a way of simulating the practice of science, which may have a foundational role in the next generation of augmented intelligence systems. Epistemologically, it also addresses some key questions; e.g., is science a special? And in what ways is scientific pursuit an existential imperative for all beings? These questions may be foundational in how we use and design intelligent systems.",
      "keywords": [
        "distributed science",
        "multi-scale Active Inference",
        "scientific process",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "meta-science",
        "collective intelligence",
        "cultural evolution",
        "distributed cognition"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors claim science can be described as a higher-level ensemble of Markov-blanketed systems that constrains and is constrained by its parts.",
        "They argue the approach naturalises science as distributed self-evidencing, foregrounding inference to the best explanation over truth-pointing.",
        "They propose scientific practice as collective inference on shared generative models, yielding persistent entities: the scientific community and cultural technologies.",
        "They argue framing science as nested active inference implies a shift from falsificationism to evidence-based model comparison.",
        "As future work, they claim an FEP-based computational model of scientific cognition could be used to predict via simulation which interactions and constraints promote higher-level intelligence."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Free energy principle applied as a multi-scale description of science — Uses the FEP and active inference to describe science as evidence-seeking processes in a nested hierarchy of living and epistemic structures.",
        "Two-scale analysis: individual and collective scientific cognition — Organizes the account into individual-level scientific cognition (Section 2) and collective, institutional scientific cognition (Section 3), treated as hierarchically integrated.",
        "Review of Thagard's ECHO explanatory-coherence model — Discusses Thagard's connectionist ECHO model as a prior computational model of individual scientific cognition.",
        "Synthesis of distributed cognition and niche construction under the FEP — Draws on distributed cognition, Latour's actor-networks and Giere to argue Bayesian mechanics and the FEP can formalize distributed scientific practice."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_DistributedScience/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_DistributedScience/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023EnhancedNSFPostdoctoralReporting054": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023EnhancedNSFPostdoctoralReporting054",
      "abstract": "This report presents an approach for enhancing postdoctoral reporting at the National Science Foundation (NSF) using generative intelligence systems. The proposed system integrates updatable profiles, intelligent processing prompts, and a dynamic reporting system to transform how postdocs report their research progress and collaborations. The system's design focuses on operational efficiency, real-time evaluation, and a consistent reporting framework. Implementation strategies include a user-centric interface, robust cyber/cognitive security measures, and adaptive evolution. The goal is to streamline postdoctoral reporting, reduce administrative burdens, and enable more effective monitoring and support of postdoctoral research activities.",
      "keywords": [
        "NSF reporting",
        "postdoctoral research",
        "synthetic intelligence",
        "automated reporting",
        "research dissemination",
        "prompt engineering"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Proposes refining NSF postdoctoral reporting with generative intelligence systems to improve efficiency and widen dissemination.",
        "Proposes updatable postdoc profiles of structured and unstructured data on deliverables, progress, insights and collaborations as the system's input.",
        "Proposes using prompt engineering to reformat and standardize submissions without distorting factual content.",
        "Proposes a dynamic system generating real-time, evolving reports, which the author expects to reduce administrative demands on postdocs and program managers."
      ],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_NSFReporting/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023ExperimentalEntomologyAgeVideo055": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023ExperimentalEntomologyAgeVideo055",
      "abstract": "Entomology, the science of insects, has developed over thousands of years of human–insect interactions. As insects exist across essentially all terrestrial surfaces and play various critical ecological roles, theoretical and applied entomology are central research domains for the 21st century and beyond. Recent technological developments, including international accessibility to transparent video creation, are transforming social processes of education, research, and governance. This editorial summarizes the protocols associated with modern entomology and aims to communicate recent methodological developments in entomology in order to facilitate their adoption.",
      "keywords": [
        "experimental entomology",
        "protocols",
        "leaf-cutting ant rearing",
        "pollen identification",
        "honey bee histology",
        "agrochemical risk"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The editorial highlights that Topitzhofer et al.'s pollen pipeline relies on passive mesh collection and low-cost visual identification rather than electron microscopy or metabarcoding.",
        "It notes that Fine et al. and Nogueira et al. address colony-level scaling challenges for eusocial insect study in different ways: queen fecundity assays and large-scale leaf-cutter rearing.",
        "The authors suggest video presentation of methods may increase their adoptability, proficiency, and reproducibility globally.",
        "They propose future directions including expanding beyond ants and bees, using ecological databases, and exploring AR, robotics, and cognitive modeling."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Editorial synthesis of four JoVE entomology protocol articles — Summarizes four video protocols on Atta ant rearing, honey bee pollen collection, bee tissue histology, and agrochemical effects on queens."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_VideoEntomology/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_VideoEntomology/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023GeneralizedNotationNotationActive056": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023GeneralizedNotationNotationActive056",
      "abstract": "This paper introduces Generalized Notation Notation (GNN), a novel approach to generative model representation that facilitates communication, understanding, and application of Active Inference across various domains. GNN complements the Active Inference Ontology as a flexible and expressive language for education and modeling, by providing a standardized method for describing cognitive models. In this paper we introduce GNN, and provide a Step-by-Step example of what GNN looks like in practice. We then explore \"the Triple Play\", a pragmatic approach to expressing GNN in linguistic, visual, and executable cognitive models. By situating GNN within the broader context of cognitive modeling and Active Inference, this work aims to bridge and respect the gaps among different modeling settings. The goal of this work is to facilitate interdisciplinary research and application, ultimately promoting the advancement of the field. Github: https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/GeneralizedNotationNotation Coda: https://coda.io/@active-inference-institute/generalized-notation-notation",
      "keywords": [
        "GNN",
        "Generalized Notation Notation",
        "meta-notation",
        "symbolic systems",
        "notation translation",
        "formal representation",
        "interoperability"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Introduces GNN as a standardized method for describing cognitive models that complements the Active Inference Ontology for education and modeling.",
        "Argues GNN's plain-text basis allows rendering into mathematical notation, figures, natural language, pseudocode and executable simulations, and use with regular expressions and LLMs.",
        "As pseudocode, GNN does not restrict which programming language or package implements a model, which the authors argue aids backward and forward compatibility.",
        "Names future directions: better automatic rendering software, tighter Active Inference Ontology integration, and cadCAD for execution order and parameter sweeps."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "GNN specification: ASCII model description in Markdown-structured source files — Defines Generalized Notation Notation, which writes Active Inference generative models with ASCII letters and punctuation in a Markdown-style source file.",
        "Worked example re-expressing the Smith, Friston & Whyte 2022 step-by-step tutorial — Demonstrates GNN by following the same progressive model-building sequence as the 2022 step-by-step Active Inference tutorial.",
        "'Triple Play' framing: text, graphical, and executable model renderings — Proposes expressing a GNN model across three modalities: text-based models, statistical graphical models, and executable cognitive models."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_GNN/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_GNN/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023GenerativeResearchTeamsActive057": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023GenerativeResearchTeamsActive057",
      "abstract": "The Generative Research Team (GRT) is a synthesis of human, computational, and informational entities that employs Active Inference, systems engineering, and cognitive security to explore research topics. Roles within the GRT are modular and composable, allowing for flexible resource and attention allocation. The GRT can be designed to address various areas of concern such as Research, Peer Review, Funding, Communication, Cryptography, and more, using implementations that blend human and computational capacities. Tools like Active Blockference and cadCAD, along with Cognitive Security concepts like Narrative Information Management (NIM) and Verifiable Information Ecosystem (VIE), ensure situational awareness and reliability in research trajectories. Here we provide both a worked and a sketched example of a GRT with specific roles and functions. Through collaborative environments, innovation, resilient architectures, and meta-prompting, the GRT adapts to unexpected changes. Effective communication strategies facilitate wide dissemination of research findings. The primary novel contributions here include the exploration of augmented architectures, the integration of Active Inference as a cognitive kernel into GRTs with shared intelligence, and the application of cognitive models for enhanced research processes. Additionally lists of related work and tools are provided, reflecting some of the contemporary work in this space. In the future, advanced GRT will be able to navigate uncertain landscapes and produce impactful outcomes. Today we are using GRT to study Active Inference; tomorrow we will use Active Inference to study GRT.",
      "keywords": [
        "Generative Research Team",
        "Active Inference",
        "generative model",
        "cognitive modeling",
        "LLMs",
        "autonomous agents",
        "open science",
        "decentralized science",
        "Active Blockference",
        "meta-prompting"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors found it preferable to split browsing/gathering and curation across two agents rather than one agent doing all tasks.",
        "In the worked example the agents executed tasks such as literature review on active inference, summarizing key points, and preparing a report; the authors note the approach is currently limited.",
        "Proposes that GRT roles be flexible: any role may be non-existent, singular, plural, or autonomous (e.g. DeSci DAOs).",
        "Cognitive security concepts (NIM, VIE) are currently integrated only via meta-prompts, with fuller implementation left to future work.",
        "States the primary contributions as augmented architectures, Active Inference as a cognitive kernel in GRTs, and cognitive models for research processes."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Two-agent AutoGPT literature-review GRT (Professor Karl, RA Joe) — A worked example built on open-source AutoGPT runs two LLM agents that forage for Active Inference literature and write a report.",
        "Shared-folder file protocol for asynchronous agent coordination — Agents communicated through text files (project description, requests.txt, research_data.txt, report.txt) in a shared folder.",
        "LangChain tools with FAISS vector memory per agent — Setup code gives each agent file read/write, CSV and webpage-QA tools (plus DuckDuckGo search for the assistant) and FAISS-backed OpenAI-embedding memory.",
        "Sketched eight-role GRT for a project proposal using AEOS — A larger GRT is sketched with roles such as Research Director, Statistical Modeler and Grant Forager, using AEOS Active/Informational Entities.",
        "Active Blockference and cadCAD as implementation layer — GRT work is hosted in Active Blockference, which combines Active Inference modeling with the cadCAD complex systems framework."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_GenerativeResearchTeams/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_GenerativeResearchTeams/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023AntsAging058": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023AntsAging058",
      "abstract": "A presentation exploring the relationship between social organization and aging in ant colonies, titled 'Of Ants & Aging.' The work examines the paradox of lifespan variation across castes in social insects, where queens can live decades while workers live weeks to months. It connects ant aging biology to broader questions about the evolution of senescence and the role of social structure in shaping longevity.",
      "keywords": [
        "ants",
        "aging",
        "senescence",
        "lifespan",
        "caste",
        "queen longevity",
        "social insects",
        "evolutionary biology"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The speaker distinguishes age (clock time elapsed) from aging (a process and embodied outcome linked to species-specific phenotypes and disease/death risk), stating the definition is not normative.",
        "The slides note that some ant species have colonies that do not age, possibly via asexual or intra-nest sexual reproduction.",
        "On the utility of aging, the talk suggests one shared answer for ants and humans may be that there is no specific utility, only an order-vs-disorder tradeoff.",
        "At nestmate scale, the speaker proposes turnover of damaged nestmate bodies may be favorable, favoring aging processes at that scale."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Tinbergen's four questions applied to ant and human aging — The talk organizes its question of why aging occurs around Tinbergen's 4 Questions, comparing ants (nestmate and colony scales) with humans.",
        "Decayed-house example illustrating four kinds of explanation — A worked example explains why a house is decayed in developmental, material, functional and deep-time terms before applying the scheme to aging.",
        "Insulin signaling as a focal example of aging mechanism — Mechanism discussion is restricted to insulin signaling, drawing on cited work such as Yan et al. 2022 on long-lived reproductive ant castes.",
        "Kin selection vs. multi-level selection distilled from a prior stream — The evolutionary account is limited to kin selection and multi-level selection, presented as a distillation of ActInf PaperStream #001.0."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_AntsAging/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_AntsAging/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023OpenAccessScienceNeeds059": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023OpenAccessScienceNeeds059",
      "abstract": "While open access publishing broadens access to research products, making sense of volumes of new information is increasingly acute. We contend that open access to diverse sources of scientific sensemaking data is essential. We propose Open Science Sensemaking (OSSm)—an interoperable decentralized annotation network enabling researchers to share sensemaking data including annotations, tags, ratings, and behavioral traces.",
      "keywords": [
        "OSSm",
        "Open Science Sensemaking",
        "scientific sensemaking",
        "annotation networks",
        "open access",
        "decentralized",
        "information overload"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Contends that frictions in scientific sensemaking arise from deficiencies in open access to diverse sensemaking data such as annotations and usage traces.",
        "Proposes that sensemaking data be included in open science, published under FAIR principles, and embedded in stigmergic annotation networks.",
        "Argues that FAIR publishing alone is insufficient for sensemaking, which also needs personalizable algorithmic ranking and distribution.",
        "Observes that sensemaking data are being enclosed, noting that most scientific social bookmarking platforms and reference managers were bought by large publishers."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Application of the FAIR data principles to scientific sensemaking data — Works through what Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable would mean for annotations, ratings and bookmarks.",
        "Design of the Open Science Sensemaking Graph with three node types — Specifies a public knowledge graph of actors (SenseMakers), content (URLs) and stigmergic markers, starting from social bookmarking.",
        "Protocol-based, Murmurations-inspired four-module network architecture — Outlines decentralized storage (e.g. Solid pods, IPFS), indexing/querying, content discovery services and user-facing apps.",
        "Minimum viable implementation sketch: bookmarking app and rating aggregator — Proposes a reference bookmarking app and a Goodreads-like review/rating aggregator, with collaborative filtering for recommendation."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_OpenScienceSensemaking/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_OpenScienceSensemaking/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023PostdocReview20202023060": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023PostdocReview20202023060",
      "abstract": "A comprehensive review of Daniel Friedman's 2020-2023 postdoctoral research structured around six working areas: (a) Biology, (b) Entomology, (c) Active Inference, (d) Cognitive Security, (e) Meta-Science, and (f) Philosophy & Arts. The presentation covers research contributions, collaborations, publications, and future directions across these domains, demonstrating the interdisciplinary breadth of the postdoctoral research program.",
      "keywords": [
        "postdoctoral review",
        "research portfolio",
        "Active Inference",
        "entomology",
        "cognitive security",
        "meta-science",
        "philosophy",
        "biology",
        "interdisciplinary research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The review frames the period as an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology (award 2010290), October 2020 to October 2023.",
        "The deck reports 375+ Active Inference livestreams over 2020-2023, with transcripts at the Active Inference Journal, as part of the Active Inference Institute ecosystem work.",
        "It highlights Active Inferants (2021) as the first Active Inference model of stigmergic collective behavior and an extensible framework for ant behavior.",
        "Beyond research, it reports 230 total drawing livestreams (about 150 in the last three years), plus Synergetics and PaperStreams on a personal channel."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Review structured by six working areas — The slide deck organizes 2020-2023 postdoc outputs into Biology, Entomology, Active Inference, Cognitive Security, Meta-Science, and Philosophy & Arts.",
        "GPT-4 (via Perplexity.ai) per-paper summaries — Each paper was uploaded to GPT-4 via Perplexity.ai with a fixed prompt asking for Context, Contributions, and Implications paragraphs, shown on a Coda website.",
        "Overview followed by 10 highlighted works — After an overview of all works, the talk presents 10 highlights sorted by working area rather than by relevance."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_PostdocReview/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_PostdocReview/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023ActiveInferenceInstituteActive061": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023ActiveInferenceInstituteActive061",
      "abstract": "This document briefly surveys the current state of the Active Inference Institute and Active Inference Ecosystem, and outlines our future directions. It will be versioned as a living representation (both cyclic and updating) of ecosystems both general and local, describing the past, present, and future actions of the Active Inference Institute.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference Institute",
        "open science",
        "research organization",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "community building"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The Institute traces its origin to a 2020 co-founder collaboration, the ActInfLab formed in 2021, and its 2022 transition into a Delaware non-profit.",
        "The document reports that in 2022 there were 103 PubMed citations for \"Active Inference\" out of 1,772,674 publications.",
        "The authors state the Institute has hosted or facilitated hundreds of open-source licensed products serving Awareness, Education, Commons, Support and Governance.",
        "The authors identify key challenges including onboarding, tool usability, scalability of support functions, communications, and administrative and financial support.",
        "The authors describe choosing an 'open' ecosystem approach over a closed, laboratory-centric one that might have siloed Active Inference academically."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Versioned living-document survey of the Institute and Ecosystem — Surveys the Institute's current state and future directions in a document meant to be versioned and updated over time.",
        "PubMed citation-share trend for \"Active Inference\" (2006-July 2023) — Plots the proportion of PubMed citations per 100,000 publications for \"Active Inference\" to illustrate growth of the field.",
        "Keyword scrape of affiliations in the Institute's livestream roster — Scrapes affiliation keywords from people who appeared or were invited on livestreams, acknowledged as a partial sample.",
        "Three-scale evaluation plan: participant, Institute, Ecosystem — Proposes evaluation of quality, performance and growth at three scales, using metrics such as surveys, commits, and course completion."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_AII_v1/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_AII_v1/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023P3IFPropertiesProcessesPerspectives062": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023P3IFPropertiesProcessesPerspectives062",
      "abstract": "Requirements engineering frameworks have historically been developed in the context of cybersecurity and have tended to focus almost exclusively on the technical and operational aspects of data security. Now, however, frameworks are being stretched to support interdisciplinary and multiorganizational information systems, requirements, and risks, securing downstream processes such as data analytics and balancing cross-domain priorities and perspectives. In this paper, we (i) explore the purpose of frameworks and their function in facilitating requirements engineering in information systems, (ii) perform an analysis of the relationships and lineages of common frameworks in professional use today, and (iii) propose the Properties, Processes, and Perspectives Inter-Framework (P3IF). P3IF enables flexible requirements engineering for complex information systems by providing a modular abstraction layer between existing frameworks, extending their value without replacing them. Factors from frameworks used across disparate domains are multiplexed to harmonize vocabularies and narratives across different organizations and needs, to create new approaches to managing information risk, and to enhance the cognitive security of decisions-makers by expanding security considerations beyond cybersecurity to include the entire information pipeline from sourcing to semantics.",
      "keywords": [
        "P3IF",
        "information risk",
        "cognitive security",
        "interdisciplinary frameworks",
        "requirements management",
        "DHS",
        "health security"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "All dimensions and attributes of the examined frameworks fit into one of three emergent categories: Properties, Processes, or Perspectives.",
        "Derivative frameworks tend to be released as standalone replacements and are generally not backwards compatible.",
        "The more expansive multi-factor frameworks were the most difficult to document due to inconsistent documentation, variable proliferation and visualization limits.",
        "The paper proposes P3IF, a modular abstraction layer between existing frameworks that extends rather than replaces them.",
        "The authors state the analysis is not an exhaustive or systematic meta-analysis but an initial snapshot of a sample of frameworks."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Snowball citation-tracking review of combinatorial requirements frameworks — Starting from well-known frameworks (CIA triad, McCumber Cube, DoDAF), manual citation tracking identified antecedent and derived frameworks; 41 were included as of August 2023.",
        "Coda.io knowledge base and UI for framework collection — Built a front-end UI and knowledge management system on the low-code Coda.io platform to store bibliographic, visual and textual aspects of each framework.",
        "Phylo-memetic lineage trees of framework clades — Parent/child relationships from citation histories and direct references were arranged into phylogenetic-type trees grouping frameworks into seven context clades.",
        "Sorting framework dimensions into Properties, Processes, Perspectives — Dimensions and attributes of the collected frameworks were categorized into three general categories that form the basis of the proposed P3IF."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_P3IF/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_P3IF/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023CommentOrNotComment063": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023CommentOrNotComment063",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2023TranscriptChrisFieldsPhysics064": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023TranscriptChrisFieldsPhysics064",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2023WilliamBlakeBuckminsterFuller065": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023WilliamBlakeBuckminsterFuller065",
      "abstract": "A presentation for '52 Living Ideas' comparing the lives and works of William Blake and Buckminster Fuller in juxtaposition. The study in comprehensivity explores structural parallels between Blake's prophetic vision and Fuller's design science, identifying convergences in their approaches to creativity, systems thinking, and human potential. Both figures challenged conventional boundaries between disciplines and proposed integrative frameworks for understanding reality.",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "Buckminster Fuller",
        "comprehensivity",
        "design science",
        "prophetic vision",
        "art-science synthesis",
        "52 Living Ideas",
        "juxtaposition"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The author concludes there are complex similarities, divergences and resonances between Blake and Fuller, open to multiple perspectives.",
        "The deck proposes both used logical paradigms distinguishing Negation (not-A) from Contradiction (complement-to-A).",
        "The deck suggests both find resonance with modern trends including 4EA cognitive science and Active Inference."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Slide-by-slide juxtaposition of Blake and Fuller images and texts — Each slide places images and texts related to Blake alongside those related to Fuller to surface concordances, points of contact and provocative connections.",
        "Thematic comparison across topics (symmetry, fourfold vision, faith, etc.) — The deck is organized into themed pages such as Life & Times, Symmetries, Four-fold Vision, Negations & Contradictions, World-View and Faith.",
        "Quotation of primary sources (Blake's plates; Fuller's Synergetics) — Quotes primary texts such as Jerusalem and The Marriage of Heaven and Hell for Blake and numbered Synergetics passages for Fuller."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_BlakeFuller/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_BlakeFuller/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022ActiveInferenceOntologyDecentralized066": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022ActiveInferenceOntologyDecentralized066",
      "abstract": "In this work, we examine science from the vantage points of blockchain technology and its connection to decentralized science (DeSci). We consider science as a collective process using Active Inference, an integrative framework that models the cognitive processes of perception, planning, and action selection in terms of Bayesian probabilities and updating. We present the Active Entity Ontology for Science ( AEOS , available at coda.io/@active-inference-institute/active-entity-ontology-for-science-aeos ) as a composable and versionable system for modeling various science systems, using the Active Inference entity partitioning. Such DeSci systems are considered from the perspective of BOLTS (Business, Operations, Legal, Technical, Social). Further steps for developing and utilizing AEOS in the context of scientific ecosystems are provided.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference Ontology",
        "knowledge graph",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "ontology development",
        "SUMO",
        "knowledge representation",
        "open science"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper presents AEOS as a composable, versionable system for modeling science systems using Active Inference entity partitioning.",
        "AEOS defines two entity classes: Active epistemic entities that select policies and enact affordances, and Informational entities that hold information and are acted upon.",
        "The authors argue that a DeSci stance can aid governance of scientific knowledge as an epistemic common good by providing incentive and opportunity to build integrated understanding.",
        "They identify a major limitation of Web3 tokenization: giving tokens real-world value makes them vulnerable to speculative investment and hoarding.",
        "Stated next steps include Active Inference models in cadCAD via the Active Blockference package and a DeSciCAD graphical interface for using AEOS in ecosystem design."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Active Inference modeling of centralized (CeSci) vs decentralized (DeSci) science — Used the Active Inference framework to model similarities and differences between Decentralized Science and Centralized Science as collective epistemic processes.",
        "Construction of the Active Entity Ontology for Science (AEOS) — Built an entity-oriented, versionable ontology (hosted on Coda) whose entities use the Markov-blanket partition into internal, sense and active states.",
        "Example CeSci/DeSci entity-interaction motifs across areas of concern — Drafted motifs (funding, communication, cryptographic relationship, scientific review, research, publishing) as natural-language sentences and graphical AEOS diagrams.",
        "Qualitative BOLTS analysis using the Active Inference Conflict Model — Framed integration of DeSci into CeSci across business, operations, legal, technical and social surfaces, using bar-code adoption as a worked example."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_ActiveInferenceOntology/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_ActiveInferenceOntology/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022CatechismTowardsActiveDiffusion067": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022CatechismTowardsActiveDiffusion067",
      "abstract": "This document is a call for participation in the initiative \"Towards Active Diffusion: A Tale of Multiple (den)Cities\" (2023-AD). The work will characterize mathematical formalisms and computational applications of Active Inference and Diffusion Models, and explore relevant applications.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Diffusion",
        "diffusion models",
        "Active Inference",
        "generative AI",
        "probabilistic modeling",
        "free energy minimization"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The document states the 2023-AD mission: characterizing mathematical formalisms and computational applications of Active Inference and Diffusion Models.",
        "It identifies shared ground between ActInf and DMs, including that both draw on stochastic thermodynamics for their internal representations.",
        "It proposes that LDMs' compression of high-dimensional input into latent representations is analogous to how ActInf agents encode beliefs about their environment."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Proposed theoretical analysis of formal relations between ActInf and diffusion models — The catechism plans (for 2023) an analytical paper and literature review comparing Latent Diffusion Models with belief propagation in Active Inference.",
        "Proposed integration of diffusion models into the Active Inference formalism — Planned applied work: build on existing implementations and design experiments testing DMs as learned representations within the action-perception loop.",
        "Proposed cadCAD-based multi-agent work extending Active Blockference — Plans to use the cadCAD complex adaptive dynamics package for cognitive ecosystem design and to extend the Active Blockference package."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_ActiveDiffusion/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_ActiveDiffusion/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022FromUsersSenseMakers068": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022FromUsersSenseMakers068",
      "abstract": "We argue that centralized platforms are a main source of epistemic pollution online, and propose Open Source Attention—a socio-technical framework for freeing human attention from platform control through a decentralized ecosystem for creating, storing, and querying stigmergic markers: the digital traces of human attention. We frame social annotation as a collective sensemaking tool that can restore epistemic health to online environments.",
      "keywords": [
        "stigmergic annotation",
        "open source attention",
        "collective sensemaking",
        "epistemic pollution",
        "decentralized platforms",
        "social annotation",
        "digital attention"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that centralized platforms are a main source of epistemic pollution and that healthier environments require redesigning how attention is collectively governed.",
        "They propose Open Source Attention, a framework for a decentralized ecosystem for creating, storing and querying stigmergic markers as digital traces of attention.",
        "OSA aims to 'free' stigmergic markers starting from basic hypertext primitives: likes, bi-directional links, span highlighting, tags/bookmarks, and textual annotation.",
        "The authors suggest existing personal knowledge management tools could be bootstrapped toward collective knowledge management via interoperable protocols and storage for stigmergic primitives."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Stigmergic-cognition lens: sematectonic stigmergy vs stigmergic markers — Frames online sensemaking using the distinction between content-altering sematectonic stigmergy and signalling stigmergic markers such as likes, annotations and links.",
        "Three-element architecture for a maker-centered ecology — Specifies the proposed ecosystem as annotation tools, self-sovereign storage, and content discovery services, contrasted with a platform-centric loop (Fig. 1).",
        "Comparison with the Solid ecosystem and dokieli annotation client — Positions the proposal against Solid and dokieli as the closest existing decentralization efforts and notes their limitations."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_StigmergicAnnotation/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_StigmergicAnnotation/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022FreeWillOrLack069": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022FreeWillOrLack069",
      "abstract": "In this interview, Robert Sapolsky outlines his view on Free Will and related topics. The discussion anticipates his upcoming book Determined: The Science of Life Without Free Will. Various topics are covered at the intersection of neuroscience with philosophy, education, and the criminal justice system.",
      "keywords": [
        "free will",
        "determinism",
        "Robert Sapolsky",
        "neuroscience",
        "behavioral genetics",
        "philosophy",
        "consciousness",
        "moral philosophy"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Sapolsky states he is fully convinced humans have no free will, a view he says he has held since adolescence.",
        "Sapolsky argues that our conscious sense of agency is usually a post-hoc attribution.",
        "Responding to claims that disbelief in free will increases cheating, Sapolsky says those studies have not been replicated and that people already disbelieving are not less ethical.",
        "Sapolsky cites roughly a 35% rise in likelihood of serious anti-social behavior with each increase in childhood adversity, arguing group-level science bears on legal responsibility.",
        "Sapolsky says a key lesson to teach researchers is the very limited usefulness of reductionism, given chaos and emergent complexity."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Written Q&A interview of Robert Sapolsky by Mikhailova and Friedman — The interviewers pose questions on free will, consciousness, law, and education; Sapolsky answers in prose, anticipating his book Determined.",
        "Questions seeded from Sapolsky's prior podcast appearances — The opening question picks up statements Sapolsky made on the Huberman, Here We Are, and Freakonomics Radio podcasts."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_FreeWillSapolsky/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_FreeWillSapolsky/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022PredictiveProcessingInterpretationMirror070": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022PredictiveProcessingInterpretationMirror070",
      "abstract": "The \"mirror test\" has been used as a behavioral measure of mirror self-recognition for a variety of species. In this article we apply a predictive processing interpretation to the results of the mirror test in order to offer a novel perspective with which to understand mirror self-recognition and self-directed behavior. Furthermore, we hypothesize that a “reflection prediction”, upon which our predictive processing interpretation of the mirror test is built, may also offer a novel perspective to understand how humans locate themselves relative to a mirror, imitate others, and are self-aware from a social perspective. As we show that a reflection prediction may help to explain how these traits may emerge in human cognition, we also point out that atypical reflection predictions or atypical use of a reflection prediction may help to explain instances where these traits are atypical in certain individuals.",
      "keywords": [
        "mirror test",
        "predictive processing",
        "self-recognition",
        "reflection prediction",
        "Active Inference",
        "self-awareness",
        "prediction error"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors propose mirror self-recognition results from sensory attenuation when a reflection is predicted, and mark-directed behavior is active inference to correct reflection prediction errors.",
        "They argue species that learn to ignore their reflection, not only those showing self-directed behavior, may be capable of mirror self-recognition.",
        "They argue the mirror test measures self-directed behavior rather than mirror self-recognition.",
        "They hypothesize that self-directed behavior reflects whether a species faced selection pressure for active inference in front of reflective surfaces, citing the cleaner wrasse.",
        "They argue a reflection prediction may also support mirror proprioception, imitation and self-awareness, and its errors may relate to atypical forms of these traits; they call the paper largely speculative."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Predictive processing reinterpretation of published mirror-test results — Applies the predictive processing framework (perceptual inference, active inference, sensory attenuation) to interpret prior mirror-test findings across species.",
        "'Reflection prediction' construct built on Apps and Tsakiris — Defines a reflection prediction as optimized high-level priors about one's own visual reflection, following Apps and Tsakiris's free-energy self account.",
        "Hypothetical error analysis compared against observed symptoms — Considers possible reflection prediction errors, their effects and corrections, then compares these with symptoms reported in the literature (summarized in Table 1)."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_MirrorTest/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_MirrorTest/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022StructuringInformationCommonsOpen071": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022StructuringInformationCommonsOpen071",
      "abstract": "An edited volume examining open standards and cognitive security for structuring the information commons. The book addresses how information ecosystems can be designed to promote trust, transparency, and collective sensemaking through open standards, decentralized governance, and cognitive security principles.",
      "keywords": [
        "information commons",
        "cognitive security",
        "open standards",
        "trust",
        "governance",
        "decentralized systems",
        "information integrity",
        "collective sensemaking"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The editors suggest focusing on shared context and meaning as a key element of co-managing the information commons, broadening attention from data security to context sharing.",
        "The editors argue that declining trust online, viewed as a market with growing pains, is a new instance of an old problem traditionally solved by shared exchange protocols and local rule-setting.",
        "Chapter I (Cordes et al.) proposes Narrative Information Management as a unifying term and framework for the features and challenges of collective sensemaking.",
        "Chapter V applies Active Inference to model conflict as multiscale processes of communication, trust, and relationship management among agents.",
        "Chapter XI presents a design document for TrustFinder, a sociotechnical system for clearinghouses of granular, modular information products."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Edited volume of eleven chapters from the VIE program's first year — Collects all work submitted and approved through the UW APL VIE program during Phase 1 of NSF Convergence Accelerator Track F (2021), ordered by submission.",
        "Catechism-based project management across participating teams — The program coordinated contributing teams using question-based, versionable project documentation adapted from DARPA practice.",
        "Framing the information environment as a proto-market needing exchange protocols — The program treated online information as a proto-market and aimed to lay foundations for Verified Information Exchange environments (VIEs).",
        "Expert discussions and interviews feeding market-maturity and design chapters — Chapters such as 'Elements Related to Maturity of Function in Markets' and 'TrustFinder' synthesize program discussions and interviews with experts."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_InformationCommons/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_InformationCommons/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022SystemsModelingCognitiveAudits072": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022SystemsModelingCognitiveAudits072",
      "abstract": "On August 24th 2022, Holke Brammer of Protocol Labs released a blog “Hypercerts: A new primitive for public goods funding” describing how “Hypercerts” could be used for Decentralized Science (DeSci). With collaborators at the Active Inference Institute, we have been developing frameworks and tools for applied Active Inference, in the context of Remote Teams & DeSci, specifically highlighting the intersection of Active Inference and Systems Engineering as realized in our open source package Active Blockference. Our 2022 DeSci paper introduced an Active Entity Ontology for Science (AEOS), which describes how entities of different types develop and interact within and across system scales (e.g. two people communicating, within a DAO that scaffolds scientific peer review, that is paid via funding from a research agency). We aim to develop the Hypercert ecosystem towards flexibility, utility, and maturity by creating an AEOS specification, and Active Blockference implementation, for Hypercerts. We aim to develop the tooling, use cases (case studies), and educational resources that enable a cognitive audit of Hypercert protocols. The addition of this cognitive layer into the Hypercert development stack will facilitate trust and reliability, thus maximizing the value of projects. This AEOS implementation would enable anticipatory design and realtime analysis of Hypercert ecosystems, at the granularity required for high-reliability systems design. Such an implementation may build on intuition, by demonstrating areas where Hypercerts may be superior to other funding mechanisms, as well as areas where it may not be effective.",
      "keywords": [
        "Hypercerts",
        "DeSci",
        "decentralized science",
        "Active Blockference",
        "AEOS",
        "cognitive audits",
        "public goods funding",
        "systems modeling"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The proposal identifies limitations in DeSci systems design, including ad hoc flowcharts with informal ontologies and a lack of engineering-grade standards.",
        "It argues agent-based methods are needed to move design from bulk or mean-field approaches to the granularity of single actions by particular entities.",
        "It lays out tentative milestones beginning with entity model construction within 4 months of funding, budgeted at $20,000.",
        "The authors acknowledge a risk that the entity ontology may not yield results favoring the Hypercert mechanism."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Proposed AEOS specification and Active Blockference models for Hypercerts — The proposal plans to build an Active Entity Ontology for Science (AEOS) specification and Active Blockference implementation for Hypercert ecosystems.",
        "Planned extension of Active Blockference to multi-agent simulation — Plans to expand the currently single-agent Active Blockference simulation into a multi-agent model of Hypercert ecosystems.",
        "Planned informative stakeholder interviews — The research strategy begins with interviews with Protocol Labs, Hypercert developers and stakeholders before milestone development.",
        "Planned comparative simulations of funding models — A milestone deliverable is comparable simulations of traditional, DeSci and Hypercert funding models."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_HypercertEcosystems/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_HypercertEcosystems/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022FreeEnergyPrincipleActive073": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022FreeEnergyPrincipleActive073",
      "abstract": "Here we perform a literature analysis of publications in scientific literature using the term “Free Energy Principle” or “Active Inference”, with an emphasis on works written by Karl J Friston. For a subset of papers with accessible full texts, we performed manual annotation (related to structural, visual, and mathematical features) and automated analyses (related to the terms in the Active Inference Institute’s Active Inference Ontology). The initial analysis here, at the scale of thousands of citations and hundreds of annotated papers, is presented as a first step towards the development of systems which could: Encompass increased scope of relevant works, including non-textual Integrate multiple forms of annotation and participation Facilitate integration of manual and artificial contributions Feature richer interfaces for use in learning & research Address field-specific local questions and provide transferable approaches Speak to broader questions in the history and philosophy of science This project is maintained by the Active Inference Institute. This project has an interactive Coda site and a Github repository .",
      "keywords": [
        "systematic literature analysis",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "Active Inference",
        "Karl Friston",
        "history of science",
        "bibliometrics",
        "ontology"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "From the larger FEP/ActInf citation corpus, the analysis focused on an initial set of 237 open-access papers obtained via PubMed.",
        "The most highly cited papers in the open-source dataset were from 2013 and all included Karl J. Friston as an author.",
        "By citations per year, Friston is not in the top five first authors; Sterzer (109.3) and Carhart-Harris (108.5) lead, and top papers by this metric date from 2018–2020.",
        "All core Active Inference Ontology terms increased in use frequency over time.",
        "Term frequencies tracked specific publications, e.g. 'Information Geometry' rose after Parr et al. 2019 and 'Cognitivism' after Friston & Allen 2018."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Publish or Perish / Google Scholar search for FEP, ActInf and Friston papers — Citations from 1990–2021 matching the two terms or authored by Karl Friston were collected and de-duplicated manually by title.",
        "BioPython query of open-access PubMed papers for full-text subset — The BioPython API was used to restrict analysis to open-source PubMed papers with the terms in title/abstract.",
        "PyPDF2 term-frequency extraction using Active Inference Ontology terms — A custom PyPDF2 script counted 74 core, 250 supplement and 74 entailed ontology terms in each abstract and PDF.",
        "Manual annotation of figures, equations, tables, boxes, supplements — Each analyzed paper was hand-annotated for structural/mathematical features and estimated citations per year.",
        "ResearchRabbit citation network; Coda tables; Orange clustering — ResearchRabbit built a citation network of the focal papers; Coda merged data into reflexive tables; Orange clustered term usage."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_SystematicLiteratureAnalysis/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_SystematicLiteratureAnalysis/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022TrustFinderRecommendationsCommunityBased074": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022TrustFinderRecommendationsCommunityBased074",
      "abstract": "There is a broadly recognized need for better situational awareness within the information environment. Each year, millions of articles, books, documents, and datasets are published. Amidst this flood of information, even those with significant experience and expertise in the knowledge economy are struggling to evaluate and vet claims. This document builds on the feedback of dozens of experts across myriad fields submitted to the University of Washington Applied Physics Lab’s Verified Information Exchange Environments Program, to present recommendations for a sociotechnical system, “TrustFinder”, for collaborative management of the information supply chain. TrustFinder implements controls and standards, web and document annotation affordances, argument representation frameworks, and crowdsourcing design principles in order to harness the work of global research communities. The ultimate goal of TrustFinder is to structure the information environment to such an extent that it enables users to find trusted sources of information and rapidly assess concepts and claims.",
      "keywords": [
        "TrustFinder",
        "trust systems",
        "information evaluation",
        "cognitive security",
        "verified information",
        "collaborative assessment",
        "sociotechnical systems"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The report recommends TrustFinder, a sociotechnical system combining annotation, argument representation and crowdsourcing so users can find trusted sources and assess claims.",
        "It recommends platform-level governance features be added only when requested by affected communities rather than imposed on all users.",
        "It recommends TrustFinder take a facilitatory rather than authoritative role in how researchers adjust and access trust signals.",
        "It proposes proximal, actor- and community-centric reputation calculation instead of a universal metric to limit viral spread of context-stripped trust signals."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Design recommendations built on expert feedback to UW APL VIEE program — The report draws on feedback from dozens of experts submitted to the University of Washington Applied Physics Lab's Verified Information Exchange Environments Program.",
        "Object model of 10 informational classes (Claims, Claim Combinators, etc.) — Specifies workspace contents such as Content, References, Claims, Questions, Claim/Question Instances, Claim Clusters, Claim Combinators, User Assertions and Stigmergic Tags.",
        "Set-cardinality reputation metrics with one decay-based score — Defines five reputation types, most via set construction and cardinality, with the Network Impact Score also using a standard decay function.",
        "Toulmin argument framework and crowdsourcing principles as design basis — The Background section synthesizes frameworks such as Toulmin's six-component argument structure to inform the design."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_TrustFinder/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_TrustFinder/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021ActiveInferantsActiveInference075": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021ActiveInferantsActiveInference075",
      "abstract": "In this paper, we introduce an active inference model of ant colony foraging behavior, and implement the model in a series of in silico experiments. Active inference is a multiscale approach to behavioral modeling that is being applied across settings in theoretical biology and ethology. The ant colony is a classic case system in the function of distributed systems in terms of stigmergic decision-making and information sharing. Here we specify and simulate a Markov decision process (MDP) model for ant colony foraging. We investigate a well-known paradigm from laboratory ant colony behavioral experiments, the alternating T-maze paradigm, to illustrate the ability of the model to recover basic colony phenomena such as trail formation after food location discovery. We conclude by outlining how the active inference ant colony foraging behavioral model can be extended and situated within a nested multiscale framework and systems approaches to biology more generally.",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "ant foraging",
        "Markov decision process",
        "stigmergy",
        "T-maze",
        "collective behavior",
        "behavioral modeling",
        "eco-evo-devo"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Colonies of foragers with no internal map of the T-maze foraged successfully using local pheromone-following and return-trip deposition rules.",
        "Colony size influenced per-nestmate round trips, apparently non-linearly, though the authors draw no generalization because key parameters were not varied.",
        "Each colony size quickly converged onto a characteristic range of the inter-ant distance metric.",
        "The model recovered basic colony phenomena such as trail formation after food discovery in the T-maze paradigm."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Per-forager MDP formulation of active inference — Each simulated ant forager runs its own Markov decision process with A (likelihood), B (transition), and C (pheromone preference) components; the colony is not modelled as one agent.",
        "In silico alternating T-maze foraging paradigm — Simulated colonies search a T-maze in which the food patch switches arm every 500 of 2,000 time steps, with a decaying attractant trail pheromone.",
        "Inbound-only trail pheromone deposition rule — Foragers lay attractant pheromone only after finding food and returning to the nest, a strategy modelled on Formica red wood ants.",
        "Simulations of colony sizes 10, 30, 50, and 70 foragers — Ran 2,000-step simulations at four colony sizes and tracked round trips and a mean Euclidean inter-ant distance coefficient as colony-level phenotypes."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2021_ActiveInferants/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2021_ActiveInferants/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021ActiveInferenceModelingConflict076": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021ActiveInferenceModelingConflict076",
      "abstract": "In this paper, we integrate conflict studies with Active Inference, a developing framework which provides an integrative and systems-level perspective on cognition and behavior. This formalization, the Active Inference Conflict (AIC) model, situates conflict in terms of a multiscale process of communication, trust, and relationship management enacted by interacting entities. The AIC model helps capture and extend the insights of previous models applied to aspects of conflict and war, such as OODA loops (observe-orient-decide-act), the generations of warfare model, and the Rumsfeld Matrix. The AIC model aids in the analysis of pertinent aspects of modern conflict, such as cyber, psychological, biological, informational, financial, and ideological conflict, that are not amenable to coherent or consistent analysis using traditional models of human conflict. AIC is demonstrated to be of use in both monitoring and studying conflict, as well as in designing systems intended to facilitate controlled or managed conflict in scenarios characterized by business, operations, legal, technical, and social (BOLTS) components. Insights and implications from qualitative use are used as a foundation for offering recommendations for future research and social systems design.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference",
        "conflict modeling",
        "AIC model",
        "OODA loops",
        "cognitive security",
        "information warfare",
        "BOLTS framework",
        "trust management"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The survey indicated existing warfare models are underdeveloped for non-kinetic, information-based conflict and are rarely interoperable.",
        "The authors contend war and politics are both continuations of conflict by other means, revising Clausewitz's dictum.",
        "They argue prioritizing the neglected unknown-knowns quadrant offers a pathway to multi-scale risk mitigation in online interactions.",
        "They suggest trust-management frameworks could channel information conflicts into generative 'risk commons' structures rather than discord.",
        "They recommend treating de-risking as an ongoing process and mining disagreement for value via shared protocols in information-exchange design."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Survey of qualitative and quantitative models of military conflict — Reviews narrative models (heuristics, military revolutions, generations of warfare), quantitative models (Lanchester, fault trees, DoDAF) and decision models (OODA, Rumsfeld Matrix).",
        "Active Inference Conflict (AIC) model formulated from ActInf — Applies Active Inference, with expected free energy balancing epistemic and pragmatic value, to frame conflict as multiscale communication, trust and relationship management.",
        "Qualitative mapping of AIC onto OODA, generations of warfare, BOLTS — Uses AIC qualitatively to relate entity action loops to OODA, move beyond generations of warfare, and model business, operations, legal, technical and social conflict.",
        "Rumsfeld Matrix analysis of the 'unknown-knowns' quadrant — Uses Rumsfeld's knowledge quadrants as a lens on inter-organizational conflict to examine the neglected unknown-knowns quadrant and the role of trust."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2021_ModelingConflict/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2021_ModelingConflict/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021DigitalRhetoricalEcosystemAnalysis077": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021DigitalRhetoricalEcosystemAnalysis077",
      "abstract": "This paper makes a case for integrating frameworks from two different knowledge domains, rhetorical studies and ecological studies, to catalog, monitor, and study digital image meme data, in order to support a more robust understanding of how memes produce and disseminate online narratives. In the digital public sphere, the primacy of image-based communication motivates an over-reliance on the image meme for public argumentation. Despite its ubiquity, the image meme format is currently understudied in large scale digital data analyses, relative to text -based formats such as natural language and hashtags. We argue that using a rhetorical approach (which emphasizes message form and audience) in large-scale analyses of multimedia and other digital artifacts can enhance analytic tools for categorizing, indexing, searching, and modeling online discourse. Further, by integrating a rhetorical and an ecosystem approach to studying digital discourse, we can formally trace multimedia rhetorical artifacts like image memes across platforms, media types, and languages. Combined rhetorical and ecosystem analyses can reveal how digital artifacts like image memes create, sustain, and disrupt public narratives and, thereby, socio-political dynamics. Three key elements of our approach are a) recognizing how parsimony and polysemy give image memes narrative power, b) focusing on how image memes engage audiences through identity construction, and c) applying “Rhetorical Ecosystem” mapping, based upon toolkit transfer and system design implications. Drawing from concepts in rhetoric, ecology, and complex systems analysis we introduce a Digital Rhetorical Ecosystem three-tiered model (DRE3) to explain how memes impact public narratives and beliefs. We then explore implications of this DRE3 model for the design and development of systems for computational analysis of digital discourse.",
      "keywords": [
        "digital rhetoric",
        "image memes",
        "DRE3 model",
        "narrative ecosystems",
        "rhetorical ecology",
        "sensemaking",
        "computational discourse analysis"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that a rhetorical approach, emphasizing message form and audience, can improve large-scale tools for categorizing, indexing, searching, and modeling online discourse.",
        "They introduce the Digital Rhetorical Ecosystem three-tiered model (DRE3) to explain how memes affect public narratives and beliefs.",
        "They suggest current software can perform many sub-tasks of image-meme rhetorical analysis, with crowd-sourced annotation filling gaps where software is insufficient.",
        "Despite meme polysemy, the authors hold that it is possible and useful to identify the dominant argument encoded in an image meme.",
        "The paper closes with recommendations, such as curating patterns in image-meme rhetorical structure and protecting user identity, privacy, and preferences in cataloging schemes."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Mapping concepts between rhetorical studies and ecology — The authors extend existing links between rhetoric and ecology, proposing ecological-rhetorical mappings (e.g., predator-prey style relations between communities) for digital discourse.",
        "Three-phase DRE3 analysis: entity, rhetorical, hidden-state identification — Image memes are analysed in three phases: identifying visual entities, tracing their relationships into claims and warrants, and inferring deeper hidden states of the ecosystem.",
        "Qualitative 'boutique' case analyses of two image memes — The DRE3 model is applied to one meme without text (Bob Ross / G.W. Bush) and one with text (Bill Murray) to show the three tiers.",
        "Blueprint of a meme-analysis pipeline styled as a SCADA system — The authors sketch a Supervisory, Control, and Data Acquisition style pipeline for collecting, annotating, analysing, and disseminating image memes at scale."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2021_DigitalRhetorical/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2021_DigitalRhetorical/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021InnovatorSDigitalPlaybook078": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021InnovatorSDigitalPlaybook078",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2021NarrativeInformationEcosystemsConflict079": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021NarrativeInformationEcosystemsConflict079",
      "abstract": "COGSEC's 2021 edited volume collects research outputs of the Narrative Information Management initiative, spanning information management across disciplines, digital rhetorical ecosystem analysis of image memes, knowledge management field synthesis, and an Active Inference Conflict model applied to conflict settings.",
      "keywords": [
        "narrative information ecosystems",
        "cognitive security",
        "sensemaking",
        "Narrative Information Management",
        "digital rhetoric",
        "knowledge management",
        "Active Inference",
        "conflict modeling"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Chapter I proposes Narrative Information Management (NIM) as a unifying term and framework for features of systems that support collective sensemaking.",
        "Chapter II's authors argue a rhetorical approach in large-scale analyses of multimedia artifacts can improve tools for categorizing, indexing, searching and modeling online discourse.",
        "Chapter III's bibliometric analysis found variable couplings and differential keyword prevalence, describing an 'archipelago' of partially connected areas around knowledge management.",
        "Chapter III reports only ~6% of decision support systems results co-occurred with keywords of the areas studied, though that literature's volume was comparable to knowledge management.",
        "Chapter IV's authors contend existing warfare models lack generalizability and interoperability, and propose the AIC model as tractable to simulate and able to incorporate empirical data."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Cross-field survey of information challenges (finance, ancestry, genomics, etc.) — Chapter I synthesizes features of information systems from knowledge-management literature and examines ad hoc solutions in several applied fields.",
        "Rhetorical plus ecological analysis of image memes (DRE3 model) — Chapter II combines rhetorical studies and ecosystem concepts into a three-tier model for cataloguing and studying digital image memes.",
        "Exploratory bibliometric co-occurrence analysis via Google Scholar — Chapter III queried Google Scholar with combined search strings for knowledge-management-related fields, then quantified and visualized co-occurrence.",
        "Survey of conflict models and Active Inference Conflict (AIC) formalization — Chapter IV surveys prior war/conflict models (OODA, generations of warfare, Rumsfeld Matrix) and recasts conflict using Active Inference."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2021_NarrativeEcosystems/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2021_NarrativeEcosystems/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021NarrativeInformationManagement080": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021NarrativeInformationManagement080",
      "abstract": "There are many areas of research defined by their interest in information dynamics related to facilitating organizational sensemaking, such as knowledge management, information management, and library science, and many more areas of research, disciplines, and even hobbies which are facing information-related challenges. While all may be concerned with very similar challenges, lack of information exchange and common ontology between these areas may be causing silos, missed opportunities, and potentially even friction among areas. In this paper, we address the need for synthesis and exchange of knowledge, tools, and approaches among various fields by proposing Narrative Information Management (NIM) as a unifying term and framework for the fundamental features and challenges of facilitating collective sensemaking. Through this framework, we offer an initial common set of features of impactful information systems found in literature on information-focused disciplines, such as knowledge management, and explore what insights and ad-hoc solutions may be found in an eclectic set of fields facing information challenges, including personal finance, ancestry research, hybrid cloud infrastructure security, translational neuroscience, and genomics. Finally, we offer recommendations for future research.",
      "keywords": [
        "Narrative Information Management",
        "NIM",
        "collective sensemaking",
        "knowledge management",
        "information systems",
        "cognitive load",
        "interdisciplinary synthesis"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper defines Narrative Information Management as the design, use, implementation and study of systems that manage information to facilitate narrative sensemaking.",
        "Domain exploration surfaced four additional NIM features: communication, handling errors and inconsistency, managing trust signals, and social systems engineering and education.",
        "Managing information gaps was central in all fields considered, and the defining element of ancestry research.",
        "The authors recommend developing common interfaces, theory and data structures rather than a single common tool, since each community has unique needs.",
        "They suggest NIM may be most useful as a bridge across disciplines, analogous to complexity theory, rather than as a new separate field."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Synthesis of common features of information systems from KM-type literature — The authors draw on literature from information-focused disciplines such as knowledge management to compile an initial common set of NIM system features.",
        "Exploratory domain studies in five fields sampled from coauthor experience — Challenges and ad hoc solutions are examined in personal finance, ancestry research, hybrid cloud security, translational neuroscience and genomics.",
        "Cross-domain comparison of NIM features in the Discussion — Each common feature (e.g. managing information gaps, situational awareness) is compared across the five domains to identify overlaps and new features."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2021_NarrativeInformationMgmt/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2021_NarrativeInformationMgmt/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021FacilitatorSCatechismPlaybook081": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021FacilitatorSCatechismPlaybook081",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2020ActiveInferenceBehaviorEngineering082": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020ActiveInferenceBehaviorEngineering082",
      "abstract": "Comprehensive frameworks for Teams should include various functionalities and structures in order to capture the broad range of affordances available for modern Remote Teams, including, but not limited to, synchronous & asynchronous communications, memes, geospatial maps, hardware/software use, and contact escalation. We suggest that Systems Engineering provides guidelines to define the functions of Ontologies, Narratives, Formal documents, and Tools (ONFT) within the context of the life cycle of any System of Interest. Following this ONFT assessment it is possible to break out to sub-systems levels and mechanistic analysis. In this paper we explore how a new generation of ONFT for Remote Teams could be based on Active Inference, a process theory related to the Free Energy Principle. Effective ONFT based upon Active Inference could lead to the realization of lightweight and powerful epistemic tools to guide everyday decision-making in an embodied, enactive fashion. Such a technology for Remote Teams would lead to fundamental changes in various aspects of Team function, for example the efficiency of a Team’s production of artifacts or self-reported “phenomenology of the working day”.",
      "keywords": [
        "behavior engineering",
        "systems engineering",
        "organizational behavior",
        "complex adaptive systems",
        "team formation",
        "behavioral design"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors propose three classes of functional small teams by how members reduce uncertainty about each other: ontological, intimate-trust, and narrative alignment.",
        "They argue Remote Teams are especially tractable for formal analysis because most team state transitions are observable.",
        "Under their definition, non-communicating entities outside the same informational niche are not part of the same team even if aligned in values or behavior.",
        "They suggest required ontological fields for team communication (Date, Time, Sender, Role, Alpha) with optional Seals, Symbols, Context and Signposts.",
        "They frame Active Inference as a 'two stroke engine' (Act -> Infer -> Act) for Remote Teams, realized through the team's communicative structure."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Synthesis of FEP/Active Inference narrative work with Systems Engineering — The authors combine the FEP-ActInf-Narrative literature with Systems Engineering to begin formalizing Remote Team formation and lifecycle management.",
        "OMG Essence Alphas (States and Checklists) applied to Remote Teams — The Essence framework's seven Alphas, and their SE extension to System Definition and System Realization, are summarized in tables and applied to teams.",
        "Markov Blanket definition of a team as a shared informational niche — A team is defined as the set of human and non-human agents sharing a specific informational niche, bounded by a Markov Blanket.",
        "ONFT (Ontologies, Narratives, Formal documents, Tools) application framework — The ONFT framework organizes proposed applications of Active Inference to Remote Team communication design.",
        "Reflexive case: the authors' own all-online team writing this paper — The authors describe how their Remote Team, formed via a Discord channel and moved to Keybase, used Division of Labor, ONFT and Alphas to produce the paper."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_BehaviorEngineering/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_BehaviorEngineering/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020CommunicationRemoteTeams083": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020CommunicationRemoteTeams083",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2020DistributedPhysiologyMolecularBasis084": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020DistributedPhysiologyMolecularBasis084",
      "abstract": "The traditional focus of physiological and functional genomic research is on molecular processes that play out within a single multicellular organism. In the colonial (eusocial) insects such as ants, bees, and termites, molecular and behavioral responses of interacting nestmates are tightly linked, and key physiological processes are regulated at the scale of the colony. Such colony-level physiological processes regulate nestmate physiology in a distributed fashion, through various social communication mechanisms. As a result of physiological decentralization over evolutionary time, organismal mechanisms, for example related to pheromone detection, hormone signaling, and neural signaling pathways, are deployed in novel contexts to influence nestmate and colony traits. Here we explore how functional genomic, physiological, and behavioral studies can benefit from considering the traits of eusocial insects in this light. We highlight functional genomic work exploring how nestmate-level and colony-level traits arise and are influenced by interactions among physiologically-specialized nestmates of various developmental stages. We also consider similarities and differences between nestmate-level (organismal) and colony-level (superorganismal) physiological processes, and make specific hypotheses regarding the physiology of eusocial taxa. Integrating theoretical models of distributed systems with empirical functional genomics approaches will be useful in addressing fundamental questions related to the evolution of eusociality and collective behavior in natural systems.",
      "keywords": [
        "distributed physiology",
        "superorganism",
        "collective behavior",
        "ant colonies",
        "decentralized control",
        "interaction networks",
        "colony metabolism",
        "social immunity"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue the Reproductive Groundplan / toolkit idea is true to a degree but insufficient as a complete explanation for evolution of superorganismal complexity.",
        "They hypothesize that eusocial species have a larger cumulative number of exocrine glands across nestmate classes than solitary insects, with more complex secretions.",
        "They hypothesize that direct hormone transfer via trophallaxis, as found in carpenter ants, will prove commonplace in eusocial clades.",
        "They hypothesize that novel gene regulatory networks will form from the decoupling of otherwise conserved pathways and traits in the colony context.",
        "They caution that Drosophila-derived GO analysis in eusocial insects will ignore taxonomically restricted genes and overstate orthologous genes."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Social anatomy / social physiology analogy to metazoan bodies — Frames the colony via the social anatomy vs social physiology distinction, comparing specialized nestmates to organs and signaling to physiology.",
        "Two-kind trait classification: nestmate-measurable vs collective colony traits — Distinguishes traits measurable in one nestmate (e.g. head width) from collective outcomes (e.g. nest architecture) to organize case studies.",
        "Review of functional genomic case studies of colony-level regulation — Surveys case studies where physiological and functional genomic work clarified colony-level regulation of worker and queen traits.",
        "Formulation of testable hypotheses (glands, signaling, regulatory networks) — Proposes hypotheses for glands, signaling pathways, and gene regulatory networks, to be tested with phylogenetic comparative methods."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_DistributedPhysiology/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_DistributedPhysiology/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020EmergentTeamsComplexThreats085": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020EmergentTeamsComplexThreats085",
      "abstract": "While the underlying, fundamental principles of warfare have long remained unchanged, recent social and technological developments have necessitated new approaches to conflict management. Specifically, the introduction of nuclear weapons and the maintenance of large military budgets during peacetime in the latter half of the 20th century have changed the risk calculus of conflict among state and non-state actors. Consequently, the operating environment has changed. Extant, centralized actors have experienced new adversities such as ideological warfare and sustained low intensity and gray zone conflict while new, decentralized participants have emerged and evolved. Nation states, as a part of normal operations, now have to contend with the potential for novel, emergent hazards from a myriad of Complex Threat Surfaces in littoral and other environments. We highlight how Complexity Science has been of use in the analysis of Complex Threat Surfaces in the military and within civilian organizations, particularly High Reliability Organisations or HROs. This paper discusses the intersection of Complexity Science and Military Science by focusing on analysis of counterinsurgency and counterterrorism operations. We highlight rapid reorganization, pooling collective expertise, and the assembly of novel organizational components as a potential basis for developing spontaneous expertise, actionable intelligence, and solutions to the aforementioned novel, emergent hazards.",
      "keywords": [
        "emergent teams",
        "operations orders",
        "team formation",
        "innovation",
        "facilitation",
        "collective intelligence",
        "hackathons",
        "research accelerators"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Across the analyses reviewed, the authors identify superior information and OSINT exploitation for rapid planning and reorganization as the common explanation for the Mumbai attackers' success.",
        "The authors note the Indian government had the same information as the attackers but did not assemble specialists who could have used it.",
        "They introduce 'Complex Threat Surfaces' in place of 'attack surfaces' to stress integrated management of varied non-linear failure modes, including non-adversarial events.",
        "They argue that destroying central leadership of decentralized groups may cause fracture and increased complexity rather than collapse.",
        "The paper concludes that the ability to rapidly reorganize, propagate information, and reassemble teams differentiated event outcomes, and calls for further work on information-sharing design and OSINT."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Complexity Science framing of counterinsurgency and team assembly — Applies a Complexity Science lens to link rapid team assembly with counterinsurgency and counterterrorism outcomes.",
        "Case vignette of the 2008 Lashkar-e-Taiba attack on Mumbai — Reconstructs the Mumbai attack from secondary sources to contrast attackers' OSINT-driven improvisation with responders' inflexibility.",
        "Synthesis of High Reliability Organization (HRO) literature — Draws on HRO and emergency-response work (e.g. tiger teams, Toyota SMART teams) on organizational fluidity and reorganization.",
        "Historical comparisons: Malayan Emergency and 1993 New York plot — Uses the Malayan Emergency reorganization and the foiled 1993 New York landmarks plot as contrasting examples of rapid reorganization."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_EmergentTeams/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_EmergentTeams/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020GeneExpressionVariationBrains086": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020GeneExpressionVariationBrains086",
      "abstract": "Natural selection on collective behavior acts on variation among colonies in behavior that is associated with reproductive success. In the red harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex barbatus), variation among colonies in the collective regulation of foraging in response to humidity is associated with colony reproductive success. We used RNA-seq to examine gene expression in the brains of foragers in a natural setting. We find that colonies differ in the expression of neurophysiologically-relevant genes in forager brains, and a fraction of these gene expression differences are associated with two colony traits: sensitivity of foraging activity to humidity, and forager brain dopamine to serotonin ratio. Loci that were correlated with colony behavioral differences were enriched in neurotransmitter receptor signaling & metabolic functions, tended to be more central to coexpression networks, and are evolving under higher protein-coding sequence constraint. Natural selection may shape colony foraging behavior through variation in gene expression.",
      "keywords": [
        "gene expression",
        "foragers",
        "RNA-Seq",
        "division of labor",
        "transcriptomics",
        "harvester ants",
        "behavioral castes",
        "Pogonomyrmex barbatus"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Forager brain gene expression patterns were more similar among nestmates than non-nestmates, with substantial variability within colonies as well.",
        "A fraction of colony expression differences were associated with humidity sensitivity of foraging and forager brain DA:5HT ratio.",
        "Neurotransmitter receptors as a category were significantly correlated in expression with colony sensitivity of foraging activity to humidity.",
        "Gene coexpression analysis identified 11 modules of loci with coordinated expression patterns across colonies.",
        "Genes more central to coexpression modules tended to be more correlated with colony traits and to be evolving under increased coding-sequence constraint."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Single-forager brain RNA-seq from nine field colonies of P. barbatus — Foragers collected on one morning near Rodeo, New Mexico had single brains sequenced on Illumina HiSeq 4000, yielding 85 transcriptomes from 9 colonies.",
        "Expression-trait correlations with humidity sensitivity and brain DA:5HT — Gene expression was correlated with colony sensitivity of foraging to humidity and forager brain dopamine-to-serotonin ratio, at colony-mean and per-sample levels.",
        "PCA and linear discriminant analysis of transcriptomes by colony — PCA on TPM expression, with 30 components retained for LDA stratified by colony, tested whether forager transcriptomes carry a colony signature.",
        "WGCNA signed coexpression network with iterative module-density filtering — Coexpression modules were built in the R WGCNA library and iteratively filtered to retain densely interconnected modules, leaving 7085 genes.",
        "dN/dS against honey bee and five ant species, modeled with a GLM — Coding-sequence constraint was estimated with orthologr and related to coexpression centrality and trait correlation in a generalized linear model."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_GeneExpressionForagers/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_GeneExpressionForagers/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020HowUseKeybaseRemote087": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020HowUseKeybaseRemote087",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2020MeasurementNaturalVariationNeurotransmitter088": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020MeasurementNaturalVariationNeurotransmitter088",
      "abstract": "Colonies of the red harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex barbatus, regulate foraging activity based on food availability and local conditions. Colony variation in foraging behavior is thought to be linked to biogenic amine signaling and metabolism. Measurements of differences in neurotransmitters have not been made among ant colonies in a natural environment. Here, for the first time, we quantified tissue content of 4 biogenic amines (dopamine, serotonin, octopamine, and tyramine) in single forager brains from 9 red harvester ant colonies collected in the field. Capillary electrophoresis coupled with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (CE-FSCV) was used to separate and detect the amines in individual ant brains. Low levels of biogenic amines were detected using field-amplified sample stacking by preparing a single brain tissue sample in acetonitrile and perchloric acid. The method provides low detection limits: 1 nM for dopamine, 2 nM for serotonin, 5 nM for octopamine, and 4 nM for tyramine. Overall, the content of dopamine (47 ± 9 pg/brain) was highest, followed by octopamine (36 ± 10 pg/brain), serotonin (20 ± 4 pg/brain), and tyramine (14 ± 3 pg/brain). Relative standard deviations were high, but there was less variation within a colony than among colonies, so the neurotransmitter content of each colony might change with environmental conditions. This study demonstrates that CE-FSCV is a useful method for investigating natural variation in neurotransmitter content in single ant brains and could be useful for future studies correlating tissue content with colony behavior such as foraging.",
      "keywords": [
        "neurotransmitters",
        "dopamine",
        "serotonin",
        "octopamine",
        "tyramine",
        "Pogonomyrmex barbatus",
        "CE-FSCV",
        "biogenic amines",
        "colony variation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The method achieved detection limits of 1 nM dopamine, 2 nM serotonin, 5 nM octopamine, and 4 nM tyramine.",
        "Dopamine was the most abundant amine per forager brain, followed by octopamine, serotonin, and tyramine.",
        "Variation in neurotransmitter content was larger among colonies than within colonies.",
        "Colony dopamine did not correlate with the other amines, while octopamine correlated strongly with serotonin and tyramine.",
        "Colonies with higher brain dopamine showed less foraging increase after exogenous dopamine, though the effect was largely driven by one colony (D24)."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Field-collected P. barbatus foragers from 9 colonies near Rodeo, NM — Foragers were collected into liquid nitrogen at a long-term study site and single brains dissected for analysis (n = 53 brains).",
        "Capillary electrophoresis with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (CE-FSCV) — An in-house CE-FSCV system with a carbon-fiber microelectrode separated and detected four biogenic amines in individual ant brains.",
        "Field-amplified sample stacking of single-brain homogenates — Each brain was homogenized in 5 μl acetonitrile/perchloric acid so low-conductivity stacking could preconcentrate trace amines.",
        "ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and RSD comparisons in GraphPad Prism — Tested colony effects on amine content, inter-amine correlations, and within- vs. among-colony relative standard deviations."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_NeurotransmitterVariation/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_NeurotransmitterVariation/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020GreatPresetRemoteTeams089": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020GreatPresetRemoteTeams089",
      "abstract": "This essay examines what the Great Reset means from a cognitive security perspective, analyzing how global socioeconomic narratives shape public belief and behavior. Through the lens of Active Inference, narrative ecosystems, and information theory, the paper explores how large-scale narrative shifts can either empower or disempower individuals and communities in their sensemaking processes.",
      "keywords": [
        "cognitive security",
        "narrative ecosystems",
        "Great Reset",
        "sensemaking",
        "Active Inference",
        "information theory",
        "socioeconomic narratives"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The editors report that Chapter 1 found rapid reorganization, resilience, and integration of new information channels to be instrumental for both terrorist and counterterrorist activity.",
        "Chapter 4 (Cordes and Friedman) found that changes in technological and organizational complexity historically required new OPORD formats, and proposes a Facilitator's Catechism building on the Heilmeier Catechism.",
        "Chapter 6 (Cordes, Friedman, Phelan) presents an Innovator's Catechism, a catechism-styled operations order for early-stage innovation teams derived from the Facilitator's Catechism.",
        "Chapter 2 contributes role-based improvisational and cultural dynamics for rapidly assembled online teams and initial \"Infinite Game\" structures for research and citizen science.",
        "The editors note COGSEC came to see knowledge management as fundamentally social and collaborative, beyond computational tools and data standards."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Edited volume compiling COGSEC's 2020 work in six chapters — Friedman and Cordes edit six chronologically ordered chapters by COGSEC and collaborators on remote teams, operations orders, and maps.",
        "Complexity Science analysis of counterinsurgency team assembly (Ch. 1) — Cordes and Friedman use a Complexity Science framework, starting from a 2008 Mumbai attack vignette, to study rapid team assembly in counterinsurgency.",
        "Systems Engineering ONFT assessment with Active Inference (Ch. 3) — Vyatkin et al. use Systems Engineering to define Ontologies, Narratives, Formal documents, and Tools (ONFT) for remote teams, explored via Active Inference.",
        "Historical review of Operations Orders (Chs. 4 and 6) — Chapters trace military and business Operations Orders from antiquity to the present to inform new catechism-style formats.",
        "Responses to DARPA Polyplexus incubator prompts (Chs. 2 and 5) — Chapters 2 and 5 were written in response to Polyplexus incubators on remote culture for pandemics and on reimagining maps."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_GreatPreset/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_GreatPreset/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020InnovatorSCatechism090": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020InnovatorSCatechism090",
      "abstract": "Innovation teams formed in incubators, research accelerators, hackathon weekends, and within organizations need to quickly align on narrative, workflow, and objectives in order to achieve success. Many of these teams disintegrate or fail to perform due to lack of alignment. Operations orders, such as those in use by the military, have demonstrable impact on organizational efficacy and success. This paper summarizes the history, development, and impact of military operations orders, discusses the history and development of their business counterparts, and presents the “The Innovator’s Catechism”, a catechism-styled operations order for use by early-stage innovation teams. This operations order is built from the “Facilitator’s Catechism”, an operations order for rapidly formed research teams, with acknowledgment for the special information requirements present for emergent and early-stage teams that are market-facing.",
      "keywords": [
        "operations orders",
        "innovation teams",
        "Innovator's Catechism",
        "team alignment",
        "military transfer",
        "organizational design",
        "hackathons"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Presents the Innovator's Catechism, a catechism-styled operations order for early-stage, market-facing innovation teams.",
        "The IC keeps the Facilitator's Catechism sections but replaces Implications of Outcome with Cost and Benefit.",
        "Unlike other OPORDs, the IC's questions depend on the team's pipeline stage, forming a 'family' of catechisms that grows as the team progresses.",
        "The authors identify catechism format, narrative development, versioning and modularity as the IC's distinguishing features.",
        "The authors recommend IC use in hackathons, accelerators and incubators, and describe it as a first attempt at a catechism-styled OPORD for this area."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Historical review of military, business and gray-zone operations orders — Reviews the history, development and organizational impact of military OPORDs and their business counterparts as the basis for the proposed catechism.",
        "Adapting the Facilitator's Catechism with Blank's innovation pipeline — Combines the authors' earlier catechism-styled OPORD with Steve Blank's innovation pipeline to derive stage-specific question sets.",
        "Six-stage partition from Ideation to Integration — Partitions a startup's journey into Ideation, Curation, Pitch, Exploration, Incubation and Integration, each with its own mission and information requirements.",
        "Example renderings of the catechism to NABC, canvas and slide formats — Illustrates reformatting a filled-in catechism into other pitch formats such as canvas variants, the Heilmeier Catechism and NABC."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_InnovatorsCatechism/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_InnovatorsCatechism/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020NeuroscienceDecisionMakingInterview091": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020NeuroscienceDecisionMakingInterview091",
      "abstract": "In this interview, Professor Tim Hanks discusses topics related to neuroscience, decision making, philosophy, and science as a career. Hanks explores how ideas from computational neuroscience have helped him set his own research agenda and navigate everyday situations. He discusses the intertwining of brain decision-making with free will, conscious awareness, and mental health, recommending an integrative approach drawing on multiple types of experiments and model systems.",
      "keywords": [
        "decision making",
        "computational neuroscience",
        "Bayesian brain",
        "free will",
        "mental health",
        "attention",
        "neural circuits"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Hanks argues free will is better approached as \"To what extent do we have free will?\", answerable by describing the neural mechanisms underlying decisions.",
        "Hanks recounts that speed-accuracy control in his work operated via added internal drive (an \"urgency\" signal) rather than a lower neural threshold.",
        "Hanks suggests simultaneous evaluation of evidence over multiple timescales could be supported by cascade models with progressively longer timescales, noting this is not yet shown.",
        "Hanks proposes that a reduced decision bound could explain both impulsivity and distractibility in ADHD, with corticostriatal circuits implicated.",
        "Hanks takes an inclusive view of decision making, holding that even a single neuron can make a decision, though with less complexity than a network."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Q&A interview with neuroscientist Timothy Hanks — Mikhailova and Friedman pose long-form questions to Hanks on neuroscience, decision making, philosophy, and science careers, published in ALIUS Bulletin.",
        "Questions anchored in Hanks's published studies — Interviewers frame questions around specific prior work, such as his macaque speed-accuracy study and an auditory-click change detection task."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_NeuroscienceDecision/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_NeuroscienceDecision/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2019DennettExplainedInterviewDaniel092": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2019DennettExplainedInterviewDaniel092",
      "abstract": "In this interview, Professor Daniel Dennett discusses his philosophical roots, his thoughts on Freud, predictive processing, psychedelics, consciousness, and ancient Athens. Dennett argues that philosophers have the ability to criticize and contribute to the science of the mind, and speaks to the virtues of cross-disciplinary glances and hybrid vigor. He discusses potential scientific and therapeutic value of psychoactive substances within proper settings.",
      "keywords": [
        "consciousness",
        "philosophy of mind",
        "Daniel Dennett",
        "cognitive science",
        "psychedelics",
        "predictive processing",
        "altered states"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Dennett argues that anybody can, in principle, tell scientists how to do better science, since scientists are as vulnerable to illusion and sloppy thinking as anyone.",
        "Dennett recalls arguing, with Hurley and Adams, that all control in nervous systems is accomplished by 'emotional' signals with no highest-level executive.",
        "Dennett says dream content is not random and that theories are best confirmed by showing how a model predicts the results of targeted disruptions.",
        "Dennett views psychedelics as risky but potentially enlightening and therapeutic, and says he has avoided them himself.",
        "Dennett proposes that academic ethics policies apply everywhere, possibly enforced by strict liability laws for developers, including for AI, psychedelics and gene-tinkering."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Question-and-answer interview of Daniel Dennett by Fleig-Goldstein and Friedman — The interviewers pose long contextualized questions on Quine, Freud, predictive processing, psychedelics and Plato, and Dennett answers each in turn."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2019_DennettExplained/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2019_DennettExplained/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2019PhDBehavioralPhysiologicalTranscriptomic093": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2019PhDBehavioralPhysiologicalTranscriptomic093",
      "abstract": "Social insect colony behavior arises within a specific ecological context from patterns of interactions of nestmates with each other. The neurophysiological basis of behavior in the social insects has primarily been studied in the context of behavioral differences among nestmates, for example between nursing and foraging workers. Many conserved pathways that regulate behavior in other animals, such as the neurohormonal and biogenic amine neurotransmitter signaling pathways, are also involved in generating behavioral variation among social insect nestmates. Less is known from a molecular perspective about how worker neurophysiological variation is associated with colony-level, collective, behaviors. In this thesis, I consider how physiological differences among colonies of the red harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex barbatus) are associated with colony behavioral differences, and with the evolution of collective behavior. Chapter 1 uses transcriptomic profiling of forager brains from P. barbatus colonies to explore differences in gene expression between groups of colonies that vary in how they regulate foraging in dry conditions. Forager brains of different colonies significantly varied in brain biogenic amine titers, as well as in the expression of multiple neurophysiological signaling pathways involved in regulating foraging in social and solitary insect species. Pharmacological experiments demonstrated that increases in forager brain dopamine titer resulted in increases in foraging activity, whereas decreases in brain dopamine decreased foraging activity. Chapter 2 investigates the relationship between colony foraging behavior, colony reproductive success, and forager desiccation physiology. Foragers from colonies that reduced foraging activity in dry conditions lose water and motor coordination more rapidly than foragers from colonies that did not reduce foraging in dry conditions. Manipulative experiments in the field show that hydrated foragers go on significantly more foraging trips than their unhydrated nestmates, and that this effect increases in strength as conditions get drier. Chapter 3 uses RNA-seq on single forager brains to investigate how variation in gene expression variation within and among colonies is associated with colony traits and with the degree of protein coding sequence constraint over evolutionary time. Hundreds of genes had expression and coexpression patterns correlated with colony traits. Gene coexpression modules were significantly differentially utilized among colonies, and these modules were enriched in neurophysiologically-relevant functions related to the regulation of biogenic metabolism and signaling. Loci that are more central to coexpression networks tend to be better correlated with colony traits, and are evolving under increased coding sequencing constraint relative to less central loci. Chapter 4 uses pharmacological experiments on individually-marked foragers to characterize how heterogeneity among nestmates in foraging activity was related to the effect of hydration and dopamine treatment on increasing overall foraging trips. The overall stimulatory effect of hydration and dopamine treatment was not due to a small subset of ants. The relationship between humidity and foraging activity was more variable within a day and between colonies, than between different treatment groups. Natural selection shapes patterns of behavioral variation among ant colonies via the differential reproductive success of colonies with different phenotypes. Colony behavioral variation arises from a complex nexus of both heritable and non-heritable factors. All molecular factors exert their influence on colony behavior only to the extent that they modulate worker physiology to alter how workers respond to different types of interactions. This thesis begins to characterize the neurophysiological basis of variation among red harvester ant colonies in foraging behavior.",
      "keywords": [
        "PhD dissertation",
        "Pogonomyrmex barbatus",
        "collective behavior",
        "transcriptomics",
        "behavioral ecology",
        "foraging gene",
        "dopamine",
        "colony variation",
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Forager brains from different colonies varied significantly in biogenic amine titers and in expression of neurophysiological signaling pathways involved in foraging regulation.",
        "Raising forager brain dopamine increased foraging activity, while lowering brain dopamine decreased it.",
        "Foragers from colonies that reduce foraging in dry conditions lose water and motor coordination faster; hydrated foragers made more trips, especially as conditions got drier.",
        "Hundreds of genes had expression patterns correlated with colony traits; loci more central to coexpression networks tended to correlate better with colony traits and showed greater coding-sequence constraint.",
        "The stimulatory effect of hydration and dopamine on foraging trips came from slight increases across many treated ants, not from a small subset."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "RNA-seq of pooled forager brains from 6 P. barbatus colonies (Chapter 1) — Three libraries per colony, each pooling three forager brains, compared colonies that did or did not strongly reduce foraging on dry days.",
        "kallisto/sleuth expression analysis with Blast2GO annotation and Cytoscape coexpression — Reads were pseudoaligned to the P. barbatus reference transcriptome with kallisto and analyzed in sleuth; GO enrichment used Blast2GO and a coexpression network was built in Cytoscape.",
        "Oral dopamine administration with mass-spectrometry brain quantification — Single ants were fed water or dopamine solutions and brain dopamine titers were quantified by mass spectrometry with a labeled internal standard.",
        "Field counts of foraging trips by paint-marked dopamine- vs control-treated foragers — Marked foragers given 0 or 3 mg/mL dopamine in PBS were returned to their nests and their foraging trips counted the next morning in 30-second intervals.",
        "Hydration manipulations, single-brain RNA-seq and individual-trip analyses (Chapters 2-4) — Later chapters tested forager desiccation physiology and exogenous hydration, RNA-seq on single forager brains, and trip distributions of individually marked treated ants."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2019_PhDDissertation/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2019_PhDDissertation/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2019AntColonyAsTest094": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2019AntColonyAsTest094",
      "abstract": "Here we address the scientific study of consciousness by proposing the ant colony as a model system. We introduce the Ant Colony Test (ACT) as a rigorous reverse test for consciousness, showing that social insect colonies fulfill many prerequisites for conscious awareness met by humans and honey bee workers. A long lineage of philosophically-neutral neurobehavioral, evolutionary, and ecological studies on social insect colonies can thus be redeployed for the study of consciousness in general.",
      "keywords": [
        "consciousness",
        "ant colony",
        "Ant Colony Test",
        "philosophy of science",
        "social insects",
        "collective cognition",
        "scientific theories of consciousness"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Neuroanatomical theories exclude colony consciousness a priori, so the ACT suggests they have limited carryover to other species or architectures.",
        "Under IIT, the authors tentatively argue that the colony seems to have a higher Φmax than aggregate individual workers and thus would represent a conscious entity, while noting it is too early for firm claims.",
        "Under the Free Energy Principle, long-term planning, possible counterfactuals and self/non-self modelling might support rudimentary colony self-awareness, though few experiments exist.",
        "Since several frameworks predict colony-level awareness, either colonies are aware or current approaches are individually inadequate and collectively inconsistent.",
        "Unlike brains, social insect colonies can be ethically manipulated, divided, or drugged, which the authors present as making the ant colony a tractable model system for consciousness experiments."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Forward vs reverse tests, framed as Kuhnian normal vs revolutionary science — Theories of consciousness are classed as forward tests (classifying arbitrary systems) needing calibration by a reverse test, analogised to normal vs revolutionary science.",
        "The Ant Colony Test (ACT): does a theory allow consciousness in ant colonies? — The authors define the ACT as a reverse test that checks the internal and external coherence of theories of consciousness against the ant colony.",
        "Applying the ACT to four genres of consciousness frameworks — The ACT is juxtaposed with neurobiological (structural/functional), behaviorist spatial-awareness, cognitive (emotion/bias), and mathematical (IIT, FEP) frameworks.",
        "Redeployment of published social insect neurobehavioral and ecological evidence — Existing empirical studies of ant and bee colonies (planning, information transfer, inter-colony interaction) are used to evaluate each framework's predictions."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2019_AntConsciousness/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2019_AntConsciousness/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2019PhysiologyForagerHydrationVariation095": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2019PhysiologyForagerHydrationVariation095",
      "abstract": "Ants are abundant in desiccating environments despite their high surface area to volume ratios and exposure to harsh conditions outside the nest. Red harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex barbatus) colonies must spend water to obtain water: colonies lose water as workers forage outside the nest, and gain water metabolically through seeds collected in foraging trips. Here we present field experiments showing that hydrated P. barbatus foragers made more foraging trips than unhydrated nestmates. The positive effect of hydration on foraging activity is stronger as the risk of desiccation increases. Desiccation tests showed that foragers of colonies that reduce foraging in dry conditions are more sensitive to water loss, losing water and motor coordination more rapidly in desiccating conditions, than foragers of colonies that do not reduce foraging in dry conditions. Desiccation tolerance is also associated with colony reproductive success. Surprisingly, foragers that are more sensitive to water loss are from colonies more likely to produce offspring colonies. This could be because the foragers of these colonies conserve water with a more cautious response to desiccation risk. An ant’s hydration status may influence its response to the olfactory interactions that regulate its decision to leave the nest to forage. Thus variation among ant colonies in worker physiology and response to ambient conditions may contribute to ecologically significant differences among colonies in collective behavior.",
      "keywords": [
        "Pogonomyrmex barbatus",
        "desiccation physiology",
        "foraging behavior",
        "water balance",
        "colony variation",
        "collective behavior",
        "behavioral ecology",
        "reproductive fitness"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Pooled across five colonies, hydrated ants made 1.18-fold more foraging trips than unhydrated nestmates (paired Wilcoxon p = 0.0006).",
        "The hydration effect on foraging grew with desiccation risk (VPD), with a quadratic model fitting better than linear, supporting a non-linear effect.",
        "Foragers from colonies that reduce foraging in dry conditions lost water faster and reached morbidity and death sooner, without differing in total or critical water content.",
        "Surprisingly, colonies with offspring colonies had foragers with lower desiccation tolerance, which the authors suggest may reflect more cautious, water-conserving foraging.",
        "The authors infer that an ant's threshold response to olfactory interactions that trigger foraging is influenced by its current hydration level."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Field hydration manipulation of marked P. barbatus foragers — Foragers from five colonies were cold-anesthetized, paint-marked by treatment, given 0.2 μL water or none, returned to the nest, and their next-day foraging trips counted.",
        "Vapor Pressure Deficit regression of hydrated/unhydrated trip ratio — Field temperature and humidity (iButton) were combined into VPD and regressed (linear vs quadratic, AIC/ANOVA) against the ratio of hydrated to unhydrated trips.",
        "Laboratory desiccation assays on 74 foragers from 24 colonies — Ants were held over Drierite at about 40 °C and weighed every 20 minutes, recording time to morbidity and death, blinded, to derive water loss rates and water contents.",
        "Colony grouping by offspring success and foraging regulation — Colonies were classified by prior parentage-analysis offspring status and by whether they reduce foraging in dry conditions, then compared with Wilcoxon and Chi-square tests.",
        "PCA of five water-loss physiology measures — Principal Component Analysis (factoextra in R) on water contents, times to morbidity and death, and area-independent water loss rate."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2019_ForagerHydration/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2019_ForagerHydration/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2018ForagingBehaviorLocomotionInvasive096": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2018ForagingBehaviorLocomotionInvasive096",
      "abstract": "The collective behavior of ant colonies, and locomotion of individuals within a colony, both respond to changing conditions. The invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) thrives in Mediterranean climates with hot, dry summers and colder, wet winters. However, its foraging behavior and locomotion has rarely been studied in the winter. We examined how the foraging behavior of three distinct L. humile colonies was related to environmental conditions and the locomotion of workers during winter in northern California. We found that colonies foraged most between 10 and 15˚C, regardless of the maximum daily temperature. Worker walking speed was positively associated with temperature (range 6–24˚C) and negatively associated with humidity (range 25–93%RH). All colonies foraged during all day and night hours in a predictable daily cycle, with a correlation between the rate of incoming and outgoing foragers. Foraging activity was unrelated to the activity of a competing native ant species, Prenolepis imparis, which was present in low abundance, and ceased only during heavy rain when ants left foraging trails and aggregated in small sheltered areas on trees.",
      "keywords": [
        "Argentine ant",
        "Linepithema humile",
        "invasive species",
        "winter foraging",
        "locomotion",
        "temperature",
        "humidity",
        "collective behavior"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Colonies foraged most between 10 and 15˚C regardless of maximum daily temperature.",
        "Worker walking speed was positively associated with temperature and negatively associated with humidity.",
        "Colonies foraged during all day and night hours in a predictable daily cycle, with incoming and outgoing forager rates correlated.",
        "Foraging was unrelated to the low-abundance native ant P. imparis and stopped only in heavy rain, when ants aggregated in sheltered areas on trees.",
        "Winter walking speed rose about 0.10 cm/s per ˚C, half the rate reported for L. humile at higher summer temperatures."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Field observation of three L. humile winter aggregations on Stanford campus — Three winter aggregations nesting at the base of Coast live oak trees were monitored simultaneously in three 17–27 h observation sets in winter 2016.",
        "Hourly trail counts of foraging rate and timed walking speed — Ants crossing a rate line 1 m up the trunk were counted in sixteen 30 s intervals, and 1–10 foragers were timed over a 10 cm speed line.",
        "Arduino-based logger for temperature, humidity, and light — A DHT22 sensor, CdS photoresistor, and Arduino UNO logged ambient conditions every 5 s; P. imparis abundance was also counted on trunks.",
        "Linear vs quadratic mixed effects models of foraging and speed — Log-transformed foraging rate and walking speed were modelled against environmental predictors with colony and day random effects, comparing linear and quadratic fits.",
        "Autoregressive partial correlations of up- and down-tree traffic — Partial correlation coefficients between normalized hourly foraging rates in both directions were computed at time shifts of -12 to 12 hours."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2018_ArgentineAnt/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2018_ArgentineAnt/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2018MVEEFrameworkEvolutionaryStudies097": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2018MVEEFrameworkEvolutionaryStudies097",
      "abstract": "Research Question: How can we formalize the evolution of heredity, environment, and phenotype through time and across biological levels? Goal: Extend Variational Neuroethology (Ramstead et al. 2017) to specify a tractable general framework for all Evolutionary studies, Biological and Otherwise. This would allow us to integrate current data across systems and suggest new measurements/experiments/systems.",
      "keywords": [
        "MVEE",
        "evolutionary theory",
        "multilevel evolution",
        "phenotypic plasticity",
        "eco-evo-devo",
        "variational methods",
        "multilevel selection",
        "open-ended evolution"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The talk claims EcoEvoDevo is stuck in a locally-optimizing regime because of an incoherent genotype-phenotype-environment and fitness framing.",
        "It argues the data, theory and philosophy already exist for a tractable generalized model of evolution, with the challenge being integrating VNE with classical theory using limited data.",
        "It critiques VNE's human-cognition case study as not yet operationalized for actual data and unclear for other evolutionary systems.",
        "It proposes MVEE (Multilevel Variational Evolutionary Ecology) as a framework combining VNE, EcoEvoDevo, collective behavior and machine learning."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Extension of Variational Neuroethology (Ramstead et al. 2017) to evolution — Builds the proposed MVEE framework by extending VNE toward a general framework for evolutionary studies.",
        "Genotype-Environment-Phenotype tensor representation through time — Represents evolving systems as a dynamic multiscale G-E-P tensor over time, using only measurable quantities instead of fitness.",
        "Pairing of state models and process models across scales — Distinguishes predictive state theories (e.g. R = h2S) from algorithmic process theories and combines them via coarse-graining.",
        "Proposed compute-graph (TensorFlow) machine-learning architecture — Proposes a single integrated ML framework on existing biological data to jointly consider coarse-grained state and process models.",
        "Worked example: 'Pogo Foraging' state/process models across three scales — Sketches state and process models for one ant colony over a day, a population of colonies over a summer, and populations over intergenerational time."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2018_MVEE/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2018_MVEE/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2018WoodliceMenBayesianAccount098": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2018WoodliceMenBayesianAccount098",
      "abstract": "In this interview, Karl Friston discusses the origins and implications of the Free Energy Principle (FEP), from childhood observations of woodlice to a comprehensive framework for understanding cognition, life, and consciousness. Friston recounts how watching woodlice scurry in sunlight and slow in shade led to the insight that biological self-organization can be explained by principles of self-organization. The conversation covers the FEP's relationship to Bayesian inference, predictive process",
      "keywords": [
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "Karl Friston",
        "Bayesian brain",
        "predictive processing",
        "Markov blanket",
        "consciousness",
        "self-organization",
        "variational inference",
        "philosophy of mind"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Friston recounts that the prototype of the FEP came from noticing, at age eight, that woodlice simply moved faster in the sun and slower in the shade.",
        "Friston distinguishes the FEP as an unfalsifiable principle from process theories such as predictive coding, which are empirically testable hypotheses.",
        "Friston argues the Bayesian brain and predictive coding lack the enactive aspect of the FEP because they do not consider entropy reduction.",
        "Friston contends that apparent inverted-U 'sweet spots' are all explained by minimizing expected free energy, not by different laws at different levels.",
        "Friston holds that consciousness is the process of inference, so any free-energy-minimizing system is conscious to some degree; self-awareness requires a self-other model."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Long-form Q&A interview of Karl Friston by Fortier and Friedman — The work is a published interview (ALIUS Bulletin): Martin Fortier and Daniel A. Friedman pose long-form questions and Karl Friston answers them.",
        "Interviewer-framed contrasts of Bayesian brain, predictive coding and FEP — Questions set out formal Bayesian belief-updating equations and contrast the three frameworks before asking Friston to respond.",
        "Questions drawing on empirical literatures (fluency, psychosis, altered states) — Interviewers bring in specific prior work, e.g. Chetverikov's fluency/disfluency 'sweet spot' results and competing models of psychosis, as prompts."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2018_WoodliceAndMen/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2018_WoodliceAndMen/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2018PartnerPenPlayParallel099": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2018PartnerPenPlayParallel099",
      "abstract": "Healthy romantic relationships contribute to human physical health and emotional well-being. Technologies that catalyze human sexuality such as silicone sex toys and video-conferencing are increasingly common today, and disruptive sexological artifacts such as sexbots are speculated to eventually compete directly with human-human sexuality. The consequences of these evolutionary transitions in human sociosexual behavior are entirely unknown at the individual or collective scale. Here we introduce Partner Pen Play in Parallel (PPPiP), the act of simultaneous improvisational drawing on paper without clinical supervision. In this prospective article we sketch out what PPPiP is, then provide interdisciplinary evidence from art therapy, sexology, affective neuroscience, and aesthetics to support PPPiP as a useful strategy for relationship development. PPPiP combines the advantages of individuated artistic practice with the established frameworks of improvisation and dyadic relationship interventions. Relative to traditional art therapy practices, PPPiP is less clinically oriented, features fewer external constraints, and directly encourages the dynamic integration of artistic creation with relationship co-creation. PPPiP emphasizes the importance of narrative structure and controlled novelty at multiple scales in intimate partnerships, connecting art therapy practices more directly to recent neuropsychological research. Evidence from brain imaging in improvisational and aesthetic contexts supports a model in which PPPiP synergistically activates motor and cortico-limbic neural circuits associated with skilled emotive-creative processes. PPPiP thus represents a transdisciplinary answer to the question of what will we carry from our sociosexual past towards a healthier textosexual future.",
      "keywords": [
        "PPPiP",
        "art therapy",
        "improvisation",
        "intimate relationships",
        "affective neuroscience",
        "creativity",
        "dyadic interaction",
        "sexology",
        "controlled novelty"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors conclude PPPiP shares all five characteristics hypothesized to make art therapy effective in marital contexts.",
        "They propose a model in which PPPiP synergistically activates motor and cortico-limbic circuits, supported by imaging evidence from improvisational and aesthetic contexts.",
        "PPPiP is distinguished from traditional art therapy as less clinically oriented, with fewer external constraints and direct integration of art-making with relationship co-creation.",
        "The authors predict greater neural synchrony between partners than strangers, and in PPPiP versus isolated tandem drawing, as a testable future direction."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Definition and practice description of Partner Pen Play in Parallel — Specifies PPPiP as two people simultaneously drawing on one sheet with pens, and outlines how sessions begin, proceed, and end.",
        "Interdisciplinary synthesis from art therapy, sexology, neuroscience, aesthetics — In the absence of direct studies, the authors synthesize prior research to argue a plausible scientific basis for PPPiP.",
        "Mapping PPPiP onto Wadeson's five-element art therapy framework — Re-enumerates Wadeson's five advantages of art therapy (Immediate, Genuine, Spatial Expression, Permanent, Shared Pleasure) and checks PPPiP against them.",
        "Free Energy Principle framing of partner modeling (FEPPPPiP) — Interprets joint drawing as building a generative model of the partner and as collective self-evidencing of the relationship.",
        "Appendix of example drawings by the authors — Presents author-made examples of the two PPPiP categories, fontplay and pure abstraction."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2018_PPPiP/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2018_PPPiP/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2018RoleDopamineCollectiveRegulation100": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2018RoleDopamineCollectiveRegulation100",
      "abstract": "Colonies of the red harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex barbatus) differ in how they regulate collective foraging activity in response to changes in humidity. We used transcriptomic, physiological, and pharmacological experiments to investigate the molecular basis of this ecologically important variation in collective behavior among colonies. RNA sequencing of forager brain tissue showed an association between colony foraging activity and differential expression of transcripts related to biogenic amine and neurohormonal metabolism and signaling. In field experiments, pharmacological increases in forager brain dopamine titer caused significant increases in foraging activity. Colonies that were naturally most sensitive to humidity were significantly more responsive to the stimulatory effect of exogenous dopamine. In addition, forager brain tissue significantly varied among colonies in biogenic amine content. Neurophysiological variation among colonies associated with individual forager sensitivity to humidity may reflect the heritable molecular variation on which natural selection acts to shape the collective regulation of foraging.",
      "keywords": [
        "dopamine",
        "foraging behavior",
        "Pogonomyrmex barbatus",
        "neuromodulation",
        "task allocation",
        "behavioral pharmacology",
        "biogenic amines",
        "harvester ants"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Forager brain transcriptomes differed between colony sets with different foraging responses to dry conditions: 273 of 20,387 reference transcripts were significantly differentially expressed.",
        "Dopamine-treated foragers made on average 20.5% more foraging trips than control-treated nestmates in the nine-colony 2016 field experiment.",
        "In 2017, foragers treated with the dopamine synthesis inhibitor 3-iodotyrosine made on average 19.1% fewer foraging trips than control-treated nestmates; the study did not directly quantify the inhibitor-induced brain dopamine change.",
        "Colonies that reduced foraging more strongly in dry conditions responded more strongly to the stimulatory effect of exogenous dopamine.",
        "Colonies differed in average forager brain dopamine-to-serotonin ratio; the study did not find a significant relationship between that ratio and humidity-sensitive foraging."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Forager brain RNA sequencing — Compared six colonies differing in sensitivity to dry conditions, using three replicate libraries per colony from three pooled dissected brains and the kallisto/sleuth pipeline.",
        "Field pharmacological manipulation — Compared foraging activity of dopamine-treated foragers with control-treated nestmates in field experiments over two years.",
        "Colony humidity sensitivity — Estimated how much each colony reduced its daily number of foraging trips per percent decrease in humidity and compared this with response to drug treatment.",
        "Brain biogenic amine assays — Quantified dopamine and serotonin in active forager brain tissue from the nine colonies used for field pharmacology."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2018_DopamineForaging/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2018_DopamineForaging/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "published Summary in NLM JATS full text",
        "url": "https://pmc-oa-opendata.s3.amazonaws.com/PMC6205345.1/PMC6205345.1.xml"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2017MutAntsAreHere101": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2017MutAntsAreHere101",
      "abstract": "The development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout in two ant species opens a new window into exploring how social insects use olfactory cues to organize their collective behavior. In this issue of Cell, Trible et al. (2017) and Yan et al. (2017) advance the field of ant genetics by performing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the Orco olfactory co-receptor gene in two ant species separated by 100+ million years of evolution: the clonal raider ant (Ooceraea biroi) and Jerdon's jumping ant (Har",
      "keywords": [
        "CRISPR/Cas9",
        "Orco gene",
        "olfactory receptor",
        "ant genetics",
        "Ooceraea biroi",
        "Harpegnathos saltator",
        "social behavior",
        "pheromone",
        "gene knockout"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Homozygous Orco loss-of-function ants of both species showed similar altered behavior and reduced reproductive performance, supporting Orco's central role in ant olfaction.",
        "Both studies unexpectedly found gross antennal lobe defects in Orco mutants; the commentary argues the reduced glomerular number implies a novel neurodevelopmental role for Orco, perhaps tied to ants' expanded glomerular number.",
        "The commentary frames the two studies together as a watershed moment for eusocial insect genetics, moving beyond purely correlative evidence."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Side-by-side preview of two companion Cell ant CRISPR/Cas9 studies — Compares Trible et al. (2017) and Yan et al. (2017), which knocked out the Orco olfactory co-receptor in O. biroi and H. saltator.",
        "Contrast of reproductive biology enabling mutant lines in each species — Explains how clonal parthenogenesis in O. biroi and the gamergate transition in H. saltator were each used to propagate Orco mutants."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2017_MutAnts/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2017_MutAnts/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2017TwoLineagesThatNeed102": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2017TwoLineagesThatNeed102",
      "abstract": "In ants as in bees, a diploid female is either a reproductive or worker. In honeybees, female larvae fed a high protein substance known as ‘royal jelly’ become reproductives, while those not fed the necessary nutrients become workers (Linksvayer et al. 2011). Feeding experiments in ants suggested that like honeybees, the fate of a diploid female egg is usually determined as a larva by food supply (Brian 1951). It was thus unexpected to discover about 15 years ago (Volny & Gordon 2002; Cahan & Keller 2003), using microsatellite markers, that in some populations in the harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex, there is an association between genotype and reproductive status. There are two interdependent lineages. Matings between a reproductive and a male of the same lineage produce daughter reproductives, while matings between a female reproductive and a male of the other lineage produce daughter workers (Fig. 1). The haploid males are produced from unfertilized eggs. The two lineages need each other because a colony cannot produce offspring colonies without reproductives, and it cannot raise and maintain reproductives without workers. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Romiguier et al. use RNA sequencing to demonstrate a similar system in Messor, another harvester ant genus.",
      "keywords": [
        "dependent-lineage",
        "mating systems",
        "Pogonomyrmex",
        "harvester ants",
        "genetic caste determination",
        "intragenomic conflict",
        "colony organization",
        "social evolution"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue that workers in dependent-lineage systems are not hybrids in the usual sense, because both lineages contribute to colonies of a single species that cannot persist without both.",
        "Because a queen must mate with at least one male of each lineage, the authors note (with Romiguier et al.) that such species likely have large, population-wide mating aggregations.",
        "Citing their prior long-term study finding no ecological differences between lineages, the authors suggest the system may be maintained by lineage differences in male production rather than ecological forces.",
        "The authors expect two-lineage systems to be found more widely across ant genera and subfamilies, and say Romiguier et al.'s high-throughput sequencing methods will aid that search."
      ],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2017_TwoLineages/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2016AntGeneticsReproductivePhysiology103": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2016AntGeneticsReproductivePhysiology103",
      "abstract": "Many exciting studies have begun to elucidate the genetics of the morphological and physiological diversity of ants, but as yet few studies have investigated the genetics of ant behavior directly. Ant genomes are marked by extreme rates of gene turnover, especially in gene families related to olfactory communication, such as the synthesis of cuticular hydrocarbons and the perception of environmental semiochemicals. Transcriptomic and epigenetic differences are apparent between reproductive and sterile females, males and females, and workers that differ in body size. Quantitative genetic approaches suggest heritability of task performance, and population genetic studies indicate a genetic association with reproductive status in some species. Gene expression is associated with behavior including foraging, response to queens attempting to join a colony, circadian patterns of task performance, and age-related changes of task. Ant behavioral genetics needs further investigation of the feedback between individual-level physiological changes and socially mediated responses to environmental conditions.",
      "keywords": [
        "ants",
        "behavioral genetics",
        "genomics",
        "colony organization",
        "caste determination",
        "division of labor",
        "foraging gene",
        "social insects",
        "pheromone communication"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors conclude that despite many results on reproductive physiology and morphology, few studies have investigated the genetics of ant behavior directly.",
        "The review reports that eusocial hymenopteran genomes show exceptionally high rates of gene turnover.",
        "Reviewed quantitative genetic studies show heritable differences in task performance among matrilines/patrilines.",
        "The authors argue that genetic studies of ant behavior will need to be aware of how variables such as developmental stage, sampled tissue and time of day affect results.",
        "They identify the feedback between individual physiological changes and socially mediated responses to environment as the next step for ant behavioral genetics."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Literature review organized by phenotypic trait — Structures the review of ant genetics by trait: species comparisons, sex, reproductive status, queen number, worker body size, then behavior.",
        "Coverage of quantitative-genetic, phylogenetic, omic and physiological studies — Within each section, discusses studies using heritability, DNA sequence homology, RNA abundance, chromatin regulation and enzyme-activity approaches.",
        "Comparative survey of published ant genomes — Draws on the first seven published ant genomes and later public genomes/transcriptomes for cross-species comparisons."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2016_AntGenetics/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2016_AntGenetics/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2016ContextDependentExpressionForaging104": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2016ContextDependentExpressionForaging104",
      "abstract": "Task allocation among social insect workers is an ideal framework for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying behavioural plasticity because workers of similar genotype adopt different behavioural phenotypes. Elegant laboratory studies have pioneered this effort, but field studies involving the genetic regulation of task allocation are rare. Here, we investigate the expression of the foraging gene in harvester ant workers from five age- and task-related groups in a natural population, and we experimentally test how exposure to light affects foraging expression in brood workers and foragers. Results from our field study show that the regulation of the foraging gene in harvester ants occurs at two time scales: levels of foraging mRNA are associated with ontogenetic changes over weeks in worker age, location and task, and there are significant daily oscillations in foraging expression in foragers. The temporal dissection of foraging expression reveals that gene expression changes in foragers occur across a scale of hours and the level of expression is predicted by activity rhythms: foragers have high levels of foraging mRNA during daylight hours when they are most active outside the nests. In the experimental study, we find complex interactions in foraging expression between task behaviour and light exposure. Oscillations occur in foragers following experimental exposure to 13 L : 11 D (LD) conditions, but not in brood workers under similar conditions. No significant differences were seen in foraging expression over time in either task in 24 h dark (DD) conditions. Interestingly, the expression of foraging in both undisturbed field and experimentally treated foragers is also significantly correlated with the expression of the circadian clock gene, cycle. Our results provide evidence that the regulation of this gene is context-dependent and associated with both ontogenetic and daily behavioural plasticity in field colonies of harvester ants. Our results underscore the importance of assaying temporal patterns in behavioural gene expression and suggest that gene regulation is an integral mechanism associated with behavioural plasticity in harvester ants.",
      "keywords": [
        "foraging gene",
        "Pogonomyrmex barbatus",
        "harvester ants",
        "gene expression",
        "circadian rhythms",
        "task allocation",
        "division of labor",
        "field study",
        "behavioral ecology"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Foraging mRNA levels are linked to changes over weeks in worker age, location, and task, and show significant daily oscillations in foragers.",
        "Foragers have high foraging mRNA levels during daylight hours, when they are most active outside the nest.",
        "Under a 13 L : 11 D light cycle, oscillations appeared in foragers but not in brood workers.",
        "In constant darkness (DD), foraging expression showed no significant change over time in either task.",
        "In both field and experimentally treated foragers, foraging expression was significantly correlated with expression of the circadian clock gene cycle."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Field collection of Pogonomyrmex barbatus workers in five task/age groups — Workers from mature colonies near Rodeo, New Mexico were sorted into callows, brood workers, nest maintenance workers, patrollers, and foragers.",
        "24 h time-of-day sampling at 4 h intervals — Ants of each task and colony were sampled every 4 h over a day and flash frozen to track daily changes in foraging gene expression.",
        "Light exposure experiment: 13 L : 11 D versus constant darkness — Foragers and brood workers from six field colonies were housed in artificial nest-boxes under ambient light/dark cycles or complete darkness for 24 h.",
        "Brain qPCR of Pbfor and cycle, normalized to PbEF1a — Whole-brain RNA was assayed by TaqMan qPCR using harvester-ant-specific primers, with elongation factor 1a as the control gene.",
        "Mixed-model ANOVAs and sinusoidal contrast analysis of forager expression — Expression over time was tested with mixed-model ANOVAs, and forager patterns were compared to a sinusoid approximating daily foraging activity."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2016_ForagingGene/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2016_ForagingGene/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2016InfluenceNuclearStructureFormation105": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2016InfluenceNuclearStructureFormation105",
      "abstract": "Purpose The rejoining of fragmented nuclear DNA caused by ionizing radiation may lead to lethal chromosome rearrangements, such as rings or dicentrics. The clinically useful linear quadratic relationship between dose and cell survival has been interpreted as the generation of lethal lesions secondary to damage occurring in two separate chromosomes simultaneously (a component), or as potentially repairable separate events (b component). Here, the generation of such lesions is discussed, synthesizing existing knowledge with new insights gleaned from spatial proximity data made possible by high-throughput sequencing of chromosome conformation capture experiments. Over a range of several Mbp, the linear DNA strand is organized as a fractal globule generating multiple sites of contact that may facilitate deletions or inversions if the points of contact are damaged. On a larger scale, transcriptionally active euchromatin occupies a physically identifiable space separate from inactive areas and is preferentially susceptible to free radical attack after irradiation. Specific transcriptional programs link genomic locations within that space, potentially enhancing their interaction if subject to simultaneous fragmentation by a single radiation event. Conclusions High throughput spatial analysis of the factors that control chromosome proximity has the potential to better describe the formation of the lethal chromosome aberrations that kill irradiated cells.",
      "keywords": [
        "Hi-C",
        "chromosome conformation",
        "radiation biology",
        "chromatin architecture",
        "DNA damage",
        "topologically associating domains",
        "nuclear organization",
        "3C technologies"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The review describes the linear DNA strand over several Mbp as a fractal globule whose multiple contact sites may facilitate deletions or inversions if damaged.",
        "Transcriptionally active euchromatin occupies a distinct space and is preferentially susceptible to free radical attack, which may favor rearrangements within that compartment.",
        "The authors argue that the contribution of DNA repair programs to radiation lethality may depend on the spatial organization of the breaks, not just rejoining ability.",
        "They propose that, if pre-irradiation chromatin state biases rejoining, transcriptome-modulating tools (e.g. RNAi, microRNA) could be an unexplored route to radiosensitization.",
        "The review concludes that answering its open questions will likely require single-cell Hi-C merged with aberration analysis in irradiated material."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Review of cell-kill models (target theory, LQ, dual radiation action) — Surveys Lea's target theory, Chadwick-Leenhouts molecular theory, and Kellerer-Rossi dual radiation action as frameworks for radiation-induced lethal lesions.",
        "Synthesis of Hi-C / chromosome conformation capture proximity data — Interprets published genome-wide 3C/Hi-C contact data to relate chromatin spatial organization to formation of radiation-induced rearrangements.",
        "Cross-reading Hi-C contacts with transcription and translocation data — Draws on studies linking Hi-C compartments to transcriptional activity and to clinically relevant translocation partner proximity."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2016_NuclearStructure/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2016_NuclearStructure/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2015CommentaryPortugueseCryptoJews106": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2015CommentaryPortugueseCryptoJews106",
      "abstract": "This commentary critiques Nogueiro et al. (2015), who used Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA haplotype data from contemporary Iberian and non-Iberian populations to explore a diagnostic genetic signature of Portuguese \"crypto-Jews.\" The authors identify two main weaknesses: (1) the matrilineal and patrilineal markers reviewed are methodologically inadequate as \"reliable Jewish ancestry predictors\" due to haplotype polyphyly and molecular clock ambiguity — many ostensibly \"Jewish\" haplotypes are",
      "keywords": [
        "Jewish genetics",
        "haplotypes",
        "crypto-Jews",
        "Iberian Peninsula",
        "admixture",
        "demographic history",
        "Y-chromosome",
        "mtDNA",
        "population genetics"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors argue the reviewed data are ambiguous for inferring Jewish ancestry and do not identify diagnostic patrilineal or matrilineal markers.",
        "Many 'Jewish' haplotypes cited are pan-Middle Eastern markers also common in Arabic lineages, so their ancestry is ambiguous.",
        "The commentary contends the 'complex mating strategies' hypothesis was not tested against demographic or admixture models, and small uniparental samples cannot support robust conclusions.",
        "The authors propose that admixture in the Bragança Jews and a bottleneck in the Belmonte Jews could be statistically evaluated with existing demographic models.",
        "They conclude the results offer no concrete support for specific claims about the mating habits, beliefs, or praxis of these historical Jewish populations."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Critical commentary on Nogueiro et al. (2015) uniparental-marker study — Evaluates the Y-chromosome and mtDNA evidence and inferences of Nogueiro et al. on Portuguese crypto-Jews via two stated critiques.",
        "Comparison against prior work on Jewish haplotype motifs — Uses Tofanelli et al. (2014) and related studies to assess whether the cited haplotypes are diagnostic of Jewish ancestry."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2015_CryptoJews/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2015_CryptoJews/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2015CouldEhrlichialInfectionCause107": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2015CouldEhrlichialInfectionCause107",
      "abstract": "We hypothesize that a large group of medical conditions of unknown etiology including leukemia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic and autoimmune disorders, may be associated with or caused by an obscure group of intracellular obligate parasitic bacteria named Ehrlichia/Anaplasma (EA). Ensconced in the stem cells of the bone marrow, EA may disrupt the normal development and function of many of the cells of immunity, manifesting itself as different syndromes. Recent studies of the activity of EA suggest direct effects on the immune system consistent with the manifestations of leukemia. We reference here three leukemia patients with direct or indirect evidence of EA infection. Moreover, EA have been shown to be most sensitive to rifamycins. Two moribund leukemia patients with levels of platelets and white cells incompatible with life were treated with therapeutic doses of Rifampin. Though they did not survive, their condition improved dramatically for a time, suggesting Rifampin provided some therapeutic benefit. We assert that these results warrant more extensive study.",
      "keywords": [
        "Ehrlichia",
        "Anaplasma",
        "leukemia",
        "myelodysplastic syndromes",
        "intracellular parasites",
        "Rifampin",
        "immune system dysfunction",
        "bone marrow",
        "autoimmune disorders"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Hypothesizes that leukemia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic and autoimmune disorders may be associated with or caused by Ehrlichia/Anaplasma bacteria.",
        "Recounts a previously reported case in which an AML patient's leukocytes rose from 200 to 24,000 within a short period of Rifampin treatment.",
        "The authors describe the three cases as not definitive but as suggestive evidence of a connection between leukemia and EA.",
        "Proposes that leukemia may be an antibiotic-treatable infection rather than a malignancy, under this conceptualization.",
        "Concludes that the data do not prove the hypothesis and that further serology and DNA studies are needed."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Clinical description of three illustrative patient cases — Presents three cases (ALL, AML, and polycythemia vera progressing to AML) as direct or indirect evidence for the hypothesis, citing an earlier report.",
        "Therapeutic-dose Rifampin given to two moribund leukemia patients — Two patients received Rifampin after other treatments were exhausted; their subsequent blood counts and condition are reported.",
        "Peripheral blood film and PCR analysis in one patient — In the third case, blood-film inclusions resembling EA prompted PCR analysis, which indicated a previously unreported Ehrlichia.",
        "Appendix synthesizing EA transcriptomic and molecular-interaction studies — Appendix A reviews published THP1 transcriptomic, ChIP-chip and yeast-two-hybrid studies of E. chaffeensis to compare with leukemia biology."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2015_EhrlichialInfection/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2015_EhrlichialInfection/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2015LargeScaleCodingSequence108": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2015LargeScaleCodingSequence108",
      "abstract": "Whether coding or regulatory sequence change is more important to the evolution of phenotypic novelty is one of biology’s major unresolved questions. The field of evo–devo has shown that in early development changes to regulatory regions are the dominant mode of genetic change, but whether this extends to the evolution of novel phenotypes in the adult organism is unclear. Here, we conduct ten RNA-Seq experiments across both novel and conserved tissues in the honey bee to determine to what extent postdevelopmental novelty is based on changes to the coding regions of genes. We make several discoveries. First, we show that with respect to novel physiological functions in the adult animal, positively selected tissue-specific genes of high expression underlie novelty by conferring specialized cellular functions. Such genes are often, but not always taxonomically restricted genes (TRGs). We further show that positively selected genes, whether TRGs or conserved genes, are the least connected genes within gene expression networks. Overall, this work suggests that the evo–devo paradigm is limited, and that the evolution of novelty, postdevelopment, follows additional rules. Specifically, evo–devo stresses that high network connectedness (repeated use of the same gene in many contexts) constrains coding sequence change as it would lead to negative pleiotropic effects. Here, we show that in the adult animal, the converse is true: Genes with low network connectedness (TRGs and tissue-specific conserved genes) underlie novel phenotypes by rapidly changing coding sequence to perform new-specialized functions.",
      "keywords": [
        "honey bees",
        "Apis mellifera",
        "RNA-Seq",
        "taxonomically restricted genes",
        "novel traits",
        "gene expression",
        "evolutionary biology",
        "royal jelly",
        "beeswax",
        "venom"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "For novel adult physiological functions, positively selected tissue-specific genes of high expression underlie novelty by conferring specialized cellular functions.",
        "Positively selected genes, whether TRGs or conserved genes, are the least connected genes within gene expression networks.",
        "TRGs are strongly associated with novel functions and tissues, and much less with conserved tissues and functions.",
        "Genes expressed in fewer tissues had a higher probability of being positively selected in 8 of 10 tissues.",
        "The authors conclude that in adults, low-connectedness genes underlie novel phenotypes through rapid coding sequence change, suggesting the evo-devo paradigm is limited postdevelopment."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Ten RNA-Seq experiments across novel and conserved honey bee tissues — Tissues from nurse and forager bees (three colonies, three biological replicates per tissue and caste) were sequenced to compare novel and conserved tissues.",
        "Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing with Tophat/bowtie2, HTSeq, and EdgeR — Reads were aligned to Apis mellifera genome build 4.5, counted per gene with HTSeq, and differentially expressed genes called with EdgeR at FDR < 0.05.",
        "BLASTx against 71 genomes to classify taxonomically restricted genes — Each honey bee transcript was blasted against proteins from 71 published genomes to assign genes to TRG classes (Orphans, bee-specific, Hymenoptera, etc.) or conserved.",
        "Positive selection calls from published MK-test selection coefficients — Genes were labelled positively selected or not using a population genomic study's MK-test estimates comparing A. mellifera and A. cerana.",
        "WGCNA gene coexpression network connectivity — Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis in R was used to estimate within-module and total connectivity for each gene."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2015_HoneyBeeEvolution/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2015_HoneyBeeEvolution/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026EntoLinguisticsLanguageAmbiguity109": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026EntoLinguisticsLanguageAmbiguity109",
      "abstract": "Scientific language does not merely describe biological phenomena; it actively constitutes the generative models through which researchers parse complex systems. This paper makes three core contributions to understanding—and correcting—the epistemic consequences of this constitutive role. First, we introduce a six-domain Ento-Linguistic framework that decomposes the terminological landscape of insect research into analytically tractable themes, isolating domains where anthropomorphic language most severely distorts causal modeling. Second, we develop an open-source computational pipeline that integrates automated term extraction, co-occurrence network construction, and information-theoretic ambiguity scoring with principles from Active Inference and Complex Systems Theory. Third, we propose and validate four evidence-based meta-standards—Clarity, Appropriateness, Consistency, and Evolvability (CACE)—as a formalized protocol for lexical engineering. Analysis of a corpus encompassing 369 entomological publications (48787 tokens; 7105 unique token types; Type–Token Ratio 0.1456) extracts 888 candidate terms (with 261 assigned to specific semantic domains across 6 conceptual clusters linked by 9 weighted relationships). The resulting terminology networks display strong modularity alongside systematic cross-domain bridging—most prominently in the Power and Labor domain, where 43 bridging terms generate extensive semantic bleed-over into adjacent domains. Terms such as “queen” (241 occurrences), “worker” (269), and “caste” (121) implicitly impose hierarchical control topologies onto biological structures that are fundamentally stigmergic and decentralized. Across all 261 domain-assigned terms, 16.9% exhibit context-dependent semantic drift, demonstrating how conceptual constructs like “individuality” span multiple biological scales and consequently blur the formal systemic boundaries (Markov Blankets) required for mathematically rigorous modeling. The accompanying fully reproducible computational pipeline provides the quantitative analytical tools necessary for a more self-aware and epistemically rigorous scientific practice. All code and data are available at https://github.com/docxology/ento_linguistics.",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The corpus (48787 tokens) yields 888 candidate terms, 261 of them assigned to domains, across 6 conceptual clusters linked by 9 weighted relationships.",
        "Terminology networks are strongly modular with cross-domain bridging, most prominently in Power and Labor, which has 43 bridging terms.",
        "16.9% of the 261 domain-assigned terms exhibit context-dependent semantic drift.",
        "Economics terms have the highest mean semantic entropy (1.21 bits) of all domains despite having zero bridging terms.",
        "CACE scoring of the \"slave\" to \"host worker\" reform shows aggregate scores rising from 0.38 to 0.81."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Corpus of 369 entomology publications mined from PubMed and arXiv — Literature-mining classes queried PubMed (ants/eusocial/colony terms) and arXiv q-bio, then deduplicated and quality-filtered the records.",
        "Seed-expansion term extraction into six Ento-Linguistic domains — Tokens matched to domain seed lexicons (e.g. Power & Labor, Kin & Relatedness, Economics) are extended to co-occurring tokens in a 3-token window.",
        "Semantic entropy of terms via k-means over TF-IDF usage contexts — Ambiguity of each sufficiently attested term is scored as Shannon entropy (bits) over clustered usage contexts.",
        "Six-layer deterministic analysis pipeline including networks and CACE scoring — Layers cover extraction, entropy, domain statistics, conceptual networks/centrality, rhetorical scoring, and CACE meta-standard evaluation."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_EntoLinguistics/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_EntoLinguistics/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026LivingMetaAnalysisArchitecture110": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026LivingMetaAnalysisArchitecture110",
      "abstract": "No prior automated system tracks hypothesis-level evidence across the full Active Inference and Free Energy Principle (FEP) literature. Manual synthesis cannot keep pace with a field that has grown at a compound annual rate of 20.36% across 2005–2026, and the FEP’s theoretical generality has invited falsifiability critiques that only hypothesis-specific evidence profiling can address. Building on pioneering systematic manual annotation paired with ontology-based anal- ysis at the scale of hundreds of papers, we present a computational meta-analysis framework that automates and scales this approach. The pipeline retrieves literature from arXiv, Semantic Scholar, and OpenAlex, deduplicating 𝑁 = 819 papers via a canonical identifier hierarchy (DOI > arXiv ID > Semantic Scholar ID > OpenAlex ID). It classifies papers into a three-tier taxonomy spanning eight categories: A (Core Theory), B (Tools & Translation), and C (Application Domains). An LLM-powered extraction system then evaluates each abstract against eight core hypotheses, producing structured nanopublications—each encoding directionality, a confidence score, and natural-language reasoning—that populate an RDF-compatible knowledge graph scored by a citation-weighted evidence function. All extracted assertions are automatically generated and have not been manually validated; hypothesis scores should be considered preliminary. The resulting evidence landscape reveals a field where application domains (Domain C, 64.0%) collectively dominate the corpus, with tools development (Domain B, 20.8%)—including pymdp, RxInfer.jl, and interpretable alternatives such as Free Energy Projective Simulation—and core theory (Domain A, 15.2%) rounding out the taxonomy. Non-negative matrix factorization identifies 5 latent topics that cross-cut the keyword taxonomy, and citation network analysis exposes a sparse yet structured graph (2,176 intra-corpus edges out of 29,323 total outgoing references—only 7.4% reference resolution, reflecting the corpus’s specialised scope rather than the underlying citation density of any single paper) anchored by pronounced hub papers. Hypothesis scores cluster into three tiers: a broad consensus tier (score > 0.83) covering five hypotheses—H7 Morphogenesis, H2 AIF Optimality, H4 Predictive Coding, H6 Clinical Utility, and H5 Scalability; a near-consensus boundary (H8 Language AIF, score ≈+0.83); a moderate debate tier (H3 Markov Blanket Realism, ≈+0.78); and a diffuse tier (H1 FEP Universality, ≈+0.48) where a large neutral plurality reflects the principle’s broad invocation without explicit empirical test—though absolute score magnitudes are inflated by publication bias and linguistic asymmetry in academic writing, making relative rankings and temporal trajectories more reliable than point estimates. By demonstrating that automated LLM-driven assertion extraction—operating without human-validated ground truth—can generate scalable, queryable representations of scientific evidence, this work provides a reusable architecture for living literature reviews—continuously updated knowledge graphs that track hypothesis-level consensus across rapidly evolving fields. All code, results, and methods to reproduce this manuscript are open source at https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/act_inf_metaanalysis/ .",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference",
        "meta-analysis",
        "nanopublications",
        "assertion extraction",
        "citation-weighted scoring",
        "literature review architecture",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "computational bibliography"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Application domains dominated the corpus (Domain C 64.0%), with tools (B) at 20.8% and core theory (A) at 15.2%.",
        "The citation network was sparse: 2,176 intra-corpus edges out of 29,323 outgoing references (7.4% resolution), anchored by hub papers.",
        "LLM-derived hypothesis scores clustered into tiers, with H1 FEP Universality in a diffuse tier (about +0.48) where a large neutral plurality reflects broad invocation of the principle without explicit empirical test.",
        "The authors caution that all assertions are automatically generated and not manually validated, so hypothesis scores are preliminary.",
        "Preliminary experiments indicated about 15-20% over-extraction, and error rates for the 819-paper run were not quantified."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Multi-source retrieval (arXiv, Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex) with ID-hierarchy dedup — Literature was retrieved from three databases and deduplicated to 819 papers using a DOI > arXiv > Semantic Scholar > OpenAlex identifier hierarchy.",
        "Keyword-based A/B/C domain taxonomy (200+ indicators, 8 categories) — Papers were classified into Core Theory, Tools & Translation and Application Domains by keyword matching rather than expert annotation.",
        "Abstract-only LLM assertion extraction with gemma3:4b on local Ollama — Each abstract was assessed against eight hypotheses via a JSON-schema prompt returning direction, confidence and reasoning.",
        "Nanopublication knowledge graph with citation-weighted hypothesis scoring — Extracted assertions became structured nanopublications in an RDF-compatible knowledge graph scored by a citation-weighted evidence function.",
        "NMF topic modelling and intra-corpus citation network analysis — Non-negative matrix factorization was used to find latent topics, and citation edges among corpus papers were analyzed for network topology."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ActInfMetaAnalysis/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ActInfMetaAnalysis/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DynamicAttentionalAgentsFocused111": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DynamicAttentionalAgentsFocused111",
      "abstract": "We develop a three-level hierarchical framework to model the attentional dynamics of focused attention (FA) meditation, laying a foundation for advanced active inference (AIF) implementations. Grounded in the Free Energy Principle and Neuronal Packet Hypothesis, we conceptualize meditation as a predictive processing system where “thoughtseeds”—transient, agent-like entities forming Markov blankets—minimize variational free energy via bidirectional coupling with attentional networks (DMN, VAN, DAN, FPN). Simulations across biologically plausible parameters reproduce expert–novice differences: 49% lower free energy during breath focus, suppressed DMN activity (0.18 vs. 0.31), and faster distraction recovery.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference",
        "focused attention meditation",
        "thoughtseeds",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "hierarchical modeling",
        "expert-novice differences",
        "DMN",
        "precision weighting",
        "Neuronal Packet Hypothesis",
        "contemplative neuroscience"
      ],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "abridged publisher synopsis",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "url": "https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-032-16955-6_11"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2026CognitiveDiagramsReviewingCategorical112": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CognitiveDiagramsReviewingCategorical112",
      "abstract": "Linguistic case offers a setting in which to examine how diagrams connect relational structure, compositional syntax, and uncertainty. This article reviews categorical approaches and supplies an executable collection of deliberately small examples. The implementation includes case-role graphs, pregroup derivations, tensor contractions, synthetic similarity matrices, Bayesian filtering, quantile utilities, and positive-operator-valued measurements. These components share notation, but their mathematical relationships require separate assumptions; a common diagrammatic vocabulary does not establish their equivalence.\n\nThe principal contribution is an inspectable comparison of these constructions and their limits. We distinguish generated derivations from illustrative drawings, finite score distributions from Bellman return distributions, presentation statistics from topos invariants, and model-unit prediction errors from physiological measurements. The accompanying suite collects 1883 tests across 94 files; that is a collection count, and a separate source-bound quality receipt records 1883 passing tests with 92.13% line-and-branch coverage (Appendix C). The figure pipeline produces 33 figures from source. All numerical illustrations use synthetic inputs; no corpus study, participant experiment, EEG fit, quantum-hardware run, or deployed-agent security evaluation is reported. Topos-theoretic transfer, cognitive advantages of case diagrams, and case-based authorization remain research proposals with explicit validation requirements. This is working revision 2.7.0; its local validation does not constitute publication or independent mathematical certification.",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The review captures nominative-accusative, ergative-absolutive, active-stative, tripartite and fluid-S alignment within one algebraic framework linked by alignment functors.",
        "Within case-typed string diagrams, passivization reduces to a type permutation (a Swap in the pregroup category).",
        "When multi-turn agent interactions are modeled as a fixed category of licensed morphisms, prompt injection can be analyzed as ill-typed role promotion (a functorial type violation): a specification target, not a guarantee on current LLM APIs.",
        "The topos-theoretic equivalence chain across typological, type-logical, distributional and enriched case theories is presented as a research program, not a finished theorem.",
        "The accompanying code has 1197 tests across 64 files at 95.96% line-and-branch coverage on src/, plus 30 programmatically generated figures."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Case systems formalized as categories with alignment types as functors — Reviews case systems as categories whose objects are case roles and morphisms are grammatical relations, treating each alignment type as a structure-preserving functor.",
        "Case-typed DisCoCat/DisCoCirc string diagrams for sentence and discourse — Extends DisCoCat with case-typed noun spaces and alignment-sensitive meaning functors, and uses DisCoCirc for discourse-level composition.",
        "[0,1]-enriched case categories and categorical magnitude — Equips case categories with [0,1]-valued hom-objects and uses categorical magnitude as an invariant for comparing case systems.",
        "Integration with Distributional Active Inference to derive ERP predictions — Embeds the case framework in a Distributional Active Inference model to state falsifiable predictions for P600, N400 and garden-path reanalysis.",
        "Open-source Python implementation with automated tests and generated figures — Implements the formal structures in a src/ package with a no-mocks test suite and programmatically generated figures."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_CognitiveCaseDiagrams/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_CognitiveCaseDiagrams/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026TowardsLean4Formalization113": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026TowardsLean4Formalization113",
      "abstract": "<p><strong>FEP_Lean v1.1.0</strong> is a source-bound, machine-checked catalogue of 155 topics across 20 reviewed families and five areas: the Free Energy Principle, Active Inference, Bayesian Mechanics, Information Geometry, and non-equilibrium Thermodynamics. Every catalogue row carries a reviewed invariant, explicit assumptions and boundaries, a namespaced Lean 4 theorem body, and deterministic manuscript metadata.</p><p>The release is pinned to Lean 4.33.1 and Mathlib 4.33.1 (locked Mathlib revision <code>0df444a360eaa60ab8c11dca51a86af692955474</code>). Its native receipt verifies 155/155 topic closures with zero errors, warnings, or <code>sorry</code>. The schema-4 formalism audit covers all 823 required formal-resource declarations, including 699 evidence declarations, and reports no <code>sorryAx</code> or untrusted project axioms. The canonical Python acceptance run collected 1,203 tests: 1,080 passed, 123 skipped, zero failed or errored, with 89.81% line coverage (8,808/9,807 statements). The schema-4 Chrome 151 browser receipt replays six source-bound screenshots covering 155 topics, 20 families, 133 relations, 48 satisfied capabilities, and 15 typed numerical witnesses.</p><p>These checks establish the exact shipped formal statements and reproducible software evidence; they do not prove the Free Energy Principle as a physical theory. Provider-backed Hermes commentary is optional and unavailable for this release cut, and no historical provider report is promoted to current full-mode evidence.</p><p>Source and release: <a href=\"https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/fep_lean\">github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/fep_lean</a> and <a href=\"https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/fep_lean/releases/tag/v1.1.0\">GitHub release v1.1.0</a>. The exact deterministic 232-member evidence bundle has SHA-256 <code>0009447598ecd3bbf68548eab360704a2539480379791eb0128186fa230884ea</code> and binds release commit <code>d7b6f8b15ea9dc451b191e3674a1fd72b5e586b4</code>.</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "free energy principle",
        "active inference",
        "bayesian mechanics",
        "information geometry",
        "non-equilibrium thermodynamics",
        "Lean 4",
        "Mathlib",
        "interactive theorem proving",
        "formal verification",
        "theorem proving",
        "measure theory",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On the pinned Lean 4 / Mathlib4 v4.29.0 stack, the shipped catalog compiles 50/50 sorry-free.",
        "The Hermes-assisted Gauss run run_20260424_064334 achieved 50/50 clean compiles with 0 sorry and 0 errors.",
        "Constructions that already typecheck in today's Mathlib4 include finite-set probability, Bayesian updating, finite-space KL divergence and variational free-energy bounds.",
        "The author cautions that the catalog covers definitional lemmas and structural identities rather than end-to-end FEP theorems, and many rows stop short of what the informal text proves.",
        "Formal verification here establishes formal adequacy only; it provides no empirical confirmation that brains minimize variational free energy."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Curated catalog of 50 FEP topics as namespaced Lean 4 sketches against Mathlib4 — Compiled 50 topics across five pillars (FEP, Active Inference, Bayesian Mechanics, Information Geometry, Thermodynamics) as Lean 4 sketches from a single source of truth.",
        "Native lake env lean verification on a pinned Lean/Mathlib v4.29.0 stack — Verified every reported compilation result with a real lake env lean invocation against the pinned toolchain, with no mocked compilers or synthetic success signals.",
        "LLM-assisted commentary pipeline (Hermes/OpenGauss, kimi-k2.6 via OpenRouter) — Layered LLM drafting and commentary over the catalog, cached by Lean source hash, with the Lean kernel kept as sole ground truth for compilation claims.",
        "Zero-mock test suite with coverage gate and SQLite run persistence — Ran 347 tests that each exercise real files, a real SQLite store, live compiler calls or actual HTTP calls, holding coverage above an 89% CI gate.",
        "Three-level sorry-aware maturity taxonomy (real / partial / aspirational) — Introduced a classification intended to make incomplete formalization explicit; all current rows are tagged real."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_FEPLean/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_FEPLean/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020FacilitatorSCatechism114": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020FacilitatorSCatechism114",
      "abstract": "This paper discusses the origins and evolution of Operations Orders from antiquity to modern times and the impact of Operations Orders on organizational sensemaking. Perspectives from Complexity Science, Organizational Psychology, High Reliability Organizations, Memetics, Logistics, Knowledge Management Systems, and Active Inference frame historical, contemporary, and future requirements and constraints. Traditional military operations orders and civilian counterparts are compared in context; survivability, limitations of existing formats, and facilitator needs inform a proposed operations order format—the Facilitator's Catechism.",
      "keywords": [
        "OPORD",
        "operations orders",
        "organizational sensemaking",
        "high reliability organizations",
        "complexity",
        "remote teams",
        "Active Inference",
        "cognitive security"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors conclude that ongoing feedback-driven recalibration, clear alignment on values/narrative/goals/identity, and high-quality distributed sensemaking are critical to HRO success and enhanced by a well-formatted OPORD.",
        "From historical adaptations, they identify that structural changes in warfare or unprecedented uncertainty create the need for a new OPORD.",
        "The paper proposes the Facilitator's Catechism, an OPORD for Process Facilitators with six sections: Situation, Mission, Potential Avenues of Approach, Milestones, Implications for Outcome, and Administrative/Logistics/Communications.",
        "The format is designed to circumvent prior OPORD limitations where team composition and members' organizational and narrative alignment are not known before the order is written.",
        "The authors caveat that impact is hard to predict and measure, and recommend Serious Games (e.g. hackathons) to address sample-size and comparability problems in evaluating it."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Historical analysis of Operations Orders from Roman origins to the present — Traced the origins and evolution of military Operations Orders (OPORDs), beginning with the Roman Army, and their civilian counterparts.",
        "Multidisciplinary synthesis (complexity, HROs, memetics, Active Inference, etc.) — Drew on complexity science, organizational psychology, high reliability organizations, memetics, logistics, knowledge management and Active Inference to frame OPORD requirements.",
        "Design of a sectioned OPORD template with guiding questions (Heilmeier-style) — Designed a new OPORD format with a header, footer and six sections, each paired with questions modeled on the Heilmeier Catechism."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_FacilitatorsCatechism/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_FacilitatorsCatechism/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ArchitectureFalseGodsWilliam115": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ArchitectureFalseGodsWilliam115",
      "abstract": "This rapid-publication essay synthesizes three intellectual frameworks examining cognitive closure. The author analyzes Professor Jiang Xueqin's commentary on artificial intelligence through William Blake's late-18th-century perceptual analysis and Active Inference terminology. The core convergence identified is closure of the perceiving system around its own top-down expectations, which Blake termed Newton's Sleep, Jiang calls consciousness capture, and Active Inference designates as pathological prior dominance. The work maps Jiang's concepts, including persuasion machinery, data sanitization, edge-case suppression, and engagement directives, onto Blake's cosmological schema and Active Inference's generative models.",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "Active Inference",
        "Artificial Intelligence",
        "Cognitive Science",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "AI Architecture",
        "Consciousness Capture",
        "Generative Models",
        "Newton's Sleep",
        "Single Vision"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Argues the three vocabularies converge structurally-functionally on one failure mode: closure of a perceiving system around its own top-down expectations.",
        "Treats the Blake-Active Inference mapping as a functional analogy across incompatible metaphysics, not a translation or identity.",
        "Argues that deployed systems such as LLMs and recommendation engines instantiate this closure as an architectural property, making it a design choice.",
        "Reads the twelve thematic nodes as suggesting, not establishing, that the architectural corrective is multi-agent and precision-balanced."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Triangulation of Jiang's AI commentary, Blake's 1790s diagnostics and Active Inference — Reads Jiang Xueqin's YouTube AI commentary through Blake's perceptual vocabulary and the formal vocabulary of Active Inference.",
        "Reconstruction of Jiang's May 2026 diagnosis from four timestamped primary sources — Draws on the Bartlett interview, Game Theory #23 and #24, and the Diesen podcast, with earlier lecture corpus as background.",
        "Mapping of Jiang's claims onto Blake's Four Zoas and a factorized generative model — Maps claims such as the persuasion machine and edge-case suppression onto the Four Zoas and Active Inference, across twelve thematic nodes.",
        "Same-day AI-augmented rapid publication with author in the loop — Drafted within hours of the trigger lecture using AI assistance for transcript research, mapping, derivation and figures."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_BlakeJiang/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_BlakeJiang/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CrescentCityLivingWaves116": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CrescentCityLivingWaves116",
      "abstract": "<div>\n<div>This manuscript offers a synthetic scholarly history of Crescent City, California &mdash; seat of Del Norte County on the north- ernmost developed strip of the California coast &mdash; where published accounts remain fragmentary or era-bound (Huntsinger et al., 2014; Norton, 1979b). The narrative reads the town as an emergent nested system: Tolowa Dee-ni&rsquo; villages on the Smith River estuary; European contact and American settlement; genocide and dispossession in the 1850s; industrial tim- ber and commercial fishing; federal termination and 1983 federal recognition restoration under Tillie Hardwick v. United States (Madley, 2016; U.S. District Court, Northern District of California, 1983); Redwood National and State Parks and conservation governance beside a recovering working waterfront (National Park Service, 2021); and contemporary Indige- nous ocean stewardship including the 2023 Yurok&ndash;Tolowa Dee-ni&rsquo; Indigenous Marine Stewardship Area (Yurok Tribe and Tolowa Dee-ni&rsquo; Nation and Resighini Rancheria and Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community, 2024). Crescent City counted 6,673 residents at the 2020 Census, including Pelican Bay group quarters (U.S. Census Bureau, 2026b, 2020). It sits on the locked southern Cascadia margin; this study frames the often-cited thirty-seven-percent fifty-year probability of an M &gt;= 8.0 southern-segment rupture as paleoseismic model output from turbidite correlation and time-dependent recurrence analysis, not as a deterministic forecast (Goldfinger et al., 2012a; Atwater et al., 2005a). Tsunami loss is one strand in that hazard geography &mdash; the 1964 Alaska earthquake tsunami remains the deadliest event on the contiguous-U.S. Pacific coast (eleven deaths locally, twenty-nine downtown blocks destroyed), with reconstruction and Pacific-wide warning consequence treated in sec. 3.11 and sec. 3.12 (Dengler and Magoon, 2005a; National Centers for Environmental Information, 2024; Lander and Lockridge, 1989). The synthesis situates the town in recurring cycles of extraction, disaster, rebuilding, and institutional adaptation &mdash; a compact case study in nested geological, ecological, economic, and political risk (California Ocean Protection Council and California Natural Resources Agency, 2018; Abatzoglou and Williams, 2016; Goldfinger et al., 2012a).</div>\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\n<div>The argument is organized through Space, Time, People, and Ideas &mdash; parallel questions about scales of place, path- dependent chronology, institutional and kinship actors, and the meanings and rules that organize memory, resources, and governance (Tuan, 1977; Massey, 2005; Ostrom, 2009). Part I (Space) moves from Cascadia and sea-level framing through Smith River ecology, coast-redwood parks, harbor oil-spill exposure and seawall engineering, housing, and Highway 101 lifelines. Part II (Time) runs archaeology through agriculture, railroad ambitions and county-wide economic cycles, doc- umented tsunami sequences and Pacific-wide warning policy after 1964, the 2011 Tōhoku event, wildfire, and recent civic currents. Part III (People) centers Tolowa Dee-ni&rsquo; sovereignty and Nee-dash beside neighboring tribal nations, immigrant communities, governance, military service and World War II, education, religion, demographics, and rural health. Part IV (Ideas) treats zoning, resilience, Klamath River restoration, Jefferson political imagination, modern economy, culture, arts, tourism, and Klamath Knot folklore, closing with a synthesizing conclusion. Following the introduction, forty-six topical chapters span Parts I&ndash;IV; chapters on the timeline, research methods, and reproducibility, the references section, and appendices A1 (figure catalog) and A2 (glossary) complete the book. Four cultural-historical threads are treated as constitutive: IMSA co-stewardship (Yurok Tribe and Tolowa Dee-ni&rsquo; Nation and Resighini Rancheria and Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community, 2024); State of Jefferson memory, including a Crescent City judge&rsquo;s three-day governorship in December 1941; Bigfoot/Sasquatch tradition rooted in the Klamath Mountains; and the literary canonization of red- wood groves as numinous space. The manuscript draws on archival records, ethnographic and linguistic sources, geological and oceanographic literature, environmental-history and human-geography scholarship, federal-agency reports, and census data (Drucker, 1937b; Gould, 1966; Tuan, 1977; Massey, 2005; Cronon, 1991; Cook, 1976b; U.S. Census Bureau, 2026b).</div>\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\n<div>The workflow follows Peng&rsquo;s reproducibility framework (Peng, 2011): analytical choices, twenty-four registry-backed figures (data-backed, schematic, and manuscript-metric), and the complete reproduction narrative in sec. 6 are versioned alongside supporting inputs and plotters in data/, src/, and scripts/, with citations resolved against manuscript/refe rences.bib. Manuscript text is licensed CC-BY-4.0 and repository source code under the Apache License 2.0 as declared in manuscript/config.yaml; the archived scholarly artifact is cited by DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20286171. The history remains epistemic work in progress: automated checks verify manuscript structure, citation resolution, and reproducible figures, not independent reverification of every historical interpretation. Collaborators are invited to fork, correct, and extend the open-source Crescent City project at <a href=\"https://github.com/docxology/crescent_city\">https://github.com/docxology/crescent_city</a></div>\n</div>",
      "keywords": [
        "California",
        "Cascadia",
        "Crescent City",
        "Jefferson",
        "USA"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Argues that Crescent City is an emergent place in which Space, Time, People and Ideas continually alter one another.",
        "Frames the often-cited 37% fifty-year probability of an M>=8.0 southern Cascadia rupture as paleoseismic model output, not a deterministic forecast.",
        "Synthesizes that the 1964 Alaska tsunami killed eleven people in Crescent City, destroyed twenty-nine downtown blocks, and remains the deadliest on the contiguous U.S. Pacific coast.",
        "Describes the shift from a timber-and-fishing economy to one anchored by Pelican Bay State Prison, the hospital, schools, the parks and the Dungeness-crab fishery.",
        "Among four stated policy implications, argues that tribal co-management is an operational framework rather than a courtesy gesture."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Archival analysis, secondary-source synthesis and quantitative data analysis — Combines historical sources with census, labor, seismological and oceanographic data in one reproducible repository workflow.",
        "Narrative history from published sources, without original fieldwork or interviews — Relies on published secondary sources, archives, federal datasets and peer-reviewed science; Indigenous material is drawn from public published sources.",
        "Four-lens nested-systems structure: Space, Time, People, Ideas — Organizes forty-six topical chapters into four parts rather than one strict chronology, drawing on hierarchy, social-ecological and resilience theory.",
        "Explicit evidence-class labeling in prose and figure captions — Distinguishes counts, measured records, model outputs, post-event reconstructions and dated public-status claims.",
        "Peng (2011) reproducibility workflow with registry-backed generated figures — Versions analytical choices, twenty-four registry-backed figures, data and plotting scripts alongside the manuscript."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_CrescentCity/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_CrescentCity/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026IntroductionBiologyGenerativeApproach117": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026IntroductionBiologyGenerativeApproach117",
      "abstract": "<p><em>Introduction to Biology: A Generative Approach</em> is an open biology textbook with forty-four chapters, ranging from systems science and chemical foundations through cells, metabolism, genetics, microbiology, physiology, evolution, and ecology. Organized as Unit 0 plus Units I&ndash;X, the text presents biology as an evidence-grounded discipline in which mechanisms, measurements, and simple models are developed together, so readers can move between narrative explanation and the quantitative constraints that shape biological claims. Five recurring themes&mdash;evolution, information, structure and function, systems and emergence, and the cell&mdash;provide orientation across scales and align with mainstream undergraduate biology competencies; Unit 0 adds an optional systems, historical, and philosophical lens without replacing the traditional molecular-to-ecological sequence.</p>\n<p>Where the curriculum is quantitative, corresponding computations live in tested code modules organized by domain (biochemistry, cell biology, genetics, physiology, ecology, evolution, microbiology, botany, and neuroscience), and many figures and process diagrams are generated programmatically rather than supplied as static artwork alone. The edition pairs each chapter with a paper-based laboratory activity and a question bank that progresses from recall to synthesis; model answers are visible in this instructor build. Primary literature is cited inline, glossary and curriculum-mapping appendices support course design, and the manuscript is maintained as a reproducible open-science artifact (source at <a href=\"https://github.com/docxology/biology_textbook\">https://github.com/docxology/biology_textbook</a> ; archived at DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20286478). Text is released under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0; accompanying source code under Apache-2.0.</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "Biology"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The book covers introductory biology in a systems unit plus Units I-X with 44 core chapters, plus optional laboratories and question banks.",
        "Each chapter is followed by a companion lab and a 30-item question bank in the same canonical order.",
        "The author positions active inference and the free energy principle as optional graduate-depth lenses, not part of the introductory canon.",
        "The text includes a master glossary of 225 terms with etymology and chapter cross-references, and is released under CC BY 4.0.",
        "The stated pedagogical philosophy is to understand biology by computing biology."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Generation from version-controlled Markdown, tested Python, and Mermaid diagrams — The open textbook is built from Markdown manuscript sources, tested Python modules, programmatically generated figures and rendered Mermaid diagrams.",
        "Python modules for models such as Michaelis-Menten and Hodgkin-Huxley — Each quantitative model introduced in a chapter exists as a working module in the codebase, used to generate figures.",
        "Manifest-driven organisation from manuscript/config.yaml — Navigation, scope tables and appendix ordering are generated from a single config.yaml manifest so they stay aligned with the rendered table of contents.",
        "Five Big Ideas mapped to AAAS Vision and Change core concepts — The book organises recurring themes as Five Big Ideas aligned pedagogically to the Vision and Change report's five core concepts."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_BiologyTextbook/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_BiologyTextbook/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026PolicyEntanglementActiveInference119": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026PolicyEntanglementActiveInference119",
      "abstract": "<p>Active inference models often need to choose among several policy streams at once, for example streams tied to different effectors, sensory channels, agents, agents within a group, or planning horizons. Standard discrete active-inference implementations keep this manageable by treating those streams as independent, but that simplification removes the dependencies that make coordinated action possible. This manuscript introduces policy entanglement: a controlled deformation of the usual independent policy posterior by a scalar coupling strength and explicit compatibility and preference potentials. The construction preserves the finite active inference setting while making cross-stream dependence a first-class modeling object rather than an implicit artifact of the chosen factorization. The framework keeps a claim-strength ledger that distinguishes exact recoveries, parameterized embeddings, numerical witnesses, and structural analogies. Mean-field active inference is the exact independent case. Products of experts, copula variational inference, options, hierarchical and sophisticated inference, branching-time active inference, renormalization-style compression, and Markov-blanket multi-agent views are connected as special cases through their stated posterior-factorization maps. The central result is a free-energy decomposition that separates ordinary per-stream free energy, coupling preference terms, the coupling normalizer, and the information cost of leaving independence. The decomposition makes multi-information the explicit surcharge paid by a non-factorized policy posterior and shows how coupling strength, compatibility structure, and off-diagonal preference costs enter the same accounting identity. This result supplies the organizing principle for the rest of the paper. It supports an information-geometric reading of the coupled policy family as a path away from the mean-field submanifold, a projection identity that returns the coupled posterior to its independent marginals, a spectral and tensor-train view of dominant coordinated policy modes, a heterogeneous-ensemble coupling-tax bound, and a phase vocabulary for under-coupled, mixed, and highly concentrated policy posteriors. These interpretations are intentionally limited: the manuscript does not claim a neural, clinical, biological, or quantum implementation, and Markov-blanket and tensor-network language is used as scoped modeling analogy unless a specific theorem row or generated artifact supports a stronger statement. The main decomposition analytic identity is machine-checked in ℝ in the Mathlib-backed Lean layer with an axiom audit and negative controls. A separate stock-Lean boundary fragment remains Mathlib-free and exposes the theorem surface as typed contracts for the Python simulation layer and the manuscript registry, including witness-consuming rows where analytic payloads are deliberately supplied at the boundary. The executable numerical layer remains a Float pipeline, so a verified Float&harr;ℝ error bridge is still an explicitly open interface rather than an implied proof; conservative interval brackets on the K=2 decomposition sweep certify Float residuals within a widened high-precision envelope (output/reports/float_real_residual.json) without promoting the registry row to proved. The empirical companion uses pymdp and NumPy to sweep coupled policy ensembles, run short and long rollouts, check the projection identity to round-off precision, produce free-energy, entropy, total-correlation, action-distribution, robustness, and adversarial sidecars, and render figures from those artifacts. The manuscript, figures, theorem map, citation registry, notation glossary (&sect;S6), bibliography, and PDF are regenerated from the same source-owned pipeline, so prose claims are tied to Lean sources, Python witnesses, output metadata, and validation gates rather than maintained by hand. All manuscript methods, tests, and documentation are available as open-source software at https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/policy_entanglement (DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20419536). --- Associated artifacts GitHub release: v1.0.0 (<a href=\"https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/policy_entanglement/releases/tag/v1.0.0\">https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/policy_entanglement/releases/tag/v1.0.0</a>) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20418904 Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20418904 PDF SHA-256: ae7cdd62929324101ead3eba8177199141b0089a9baf35558107149331666fde</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "free energy principle",
        "policy inference",
        "mean-field",
        "total correlation",
        "information geometry",
        "Schmidt rank",
        "tensor networks",
        "sophisticated inference",
        "Lean theorem proving",
        "machine-checked free-energy identity"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The central result is a free-energy decomposition into per-stream free energy, coupling preference terms, the coupling normalizer, and the information cost of leaving independence.",
        "The decomposition makes multi-information the explicit surcharge paid by a non-factorized policy posterior.",
        "Mean-field active inference is recovered as the exact independent case, with other frameworks linked through stated posterior-factorization maps.",
        "A verified Float-to-real error bridge for the numerical layer remains an explicitly open interface rather than an implied proof.",
        "The author states the manuscript does not claim a neural, clinical, biological, or quantum implementation; Markov-blanket and tensor-network language is a scoped analogy."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Coupling-parameter deformation of the independent policy posterior — Multi-stream policy posteriors are deformed away from the mean-field product by a scalar coupling strength plus compatibility and preference potentials.",
        "Lean 4 formalization: Mathlib proof of the central identity plus stock-Lean boundary — MathlibProofs machine-checks the S01 free-energy identity with an axiom audit and negative controls; a stock-Lean fragment exposes a 21-row theorem surface as typed contracts.",
        "pymdp/NumPy POMDP simulations of coupled policy ensembles — Simulations sweep coupled ensembles, run short and long rollouts, check the projection identity, and produce free-energy, entropy, total-correlation, robustness, and adversarial sidecars.",
        "Interval brackets on Float residuals for the K=2 decomposition sweep — Conservative interval brackets check that Float-pipeline residuals fall within a widened high-precision envelope, without counting this as a proof.",
        "Claim-strength ledger separating exact, parametric, numerical, and analogical claims — Connections to prior frameworks are tagged as exact recoveries, parameterized embeddings, numerical witnesses, or structural analogies."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_PolicyEntanglementActive/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_PolicyEntanglementActive/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026BoundedAutoResearchTinyReproducible120": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026BoundedAutoResearchTinyReproducible120",
      "abstract": "This paper presents Deterministic bounded AutoResearch for a small MNIST neural-network task, a public template exemplar that\nturns an AutoResearch loop into ordinary reproducible research infrastructure.\nThe case study is intentionally small but concrete: 2000 training\nand 500 test images from MNIST handwritten digit database are evaluated by the\nbounded small MNIST neural-network classification loop. The run evaluates\n4 of 5 proposed candidates,\nincluding Tiny patch-attention classifier, selects\nexp-mlp-tanh-64 (MLP,\n50890 parameters), and improves test_accuracy from\n82.6% to 89.4%\n(6.8% absolute change). The validated diagnostic layer reports\nmacro F1 89.4%, bootstrap accuracy interval\n86.4% to 92.0%, Brier score 0.161,\nnegative log likelihood 0.361, top-2 accuracy\n95.6%, and exact McNemar p-value 0.000.\nThe same pipeline writes proposal, candidate, run, review, benchmark, evidence,\nfigure, confusion-matrix, statistical-summary, probability-quality, and\nsecurity-integrity artifacts from declared output contracts; uses\n0 LLM calls at USD 0.00 cost; and records\n7 configured stages, 6 supported\nlocal-artifact claims, and 78 required artifacts.\nThe local security attestation status is passed,\nwith 0 checksum mismatch(es). The final\nreadiness status is passed, with review gates deferred to a\nhuman rather than self-approved by the generated run.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.3.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_autoresearch_project/releases/tag/v0.3.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20417016\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20417016\nPDF SHA-256: e07b62850a1995935283d37a45c21d71fa7c4e69cdcc451c5a1ea8aee6d0c94a",
      "keywords": [
        "autoresearch",
        "reproducible research",
        "machine learning benchmark",
        "artifact readiness",
        "human review",
        "local artifact integrity"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The loop selected exp-mlp-tanh-64 after evaluating 4 of 5 proposed candidates, raising test accuracy from the 82.6% baseline to 89.4%.",
        "Diagnostics report macro F1 of 89.4%, a bootstrap accuracy interval of 86.4% to 92.0%, and top-2 accuracy of 95.6%.",
        "The selected candidate was top-ranked in 72.5% of deterministic bootstrap resamples, with exp-mlp-relu-32 as runner-up.",
        "The local security attestation passed with 0 checksum mismatches, and readiness passed with review gates deferred to a human.",
        "The paper states its contribution is not a new MNIST classifier but a template showing bounded AutoResearch run through a reproducible-paper lifecycle."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Offline MNIST subset: 2000 train / 500 test images, seed 20260525 — Uses a committed, class-balanced local MNIST subset with recorded provenance hashes; no data are downloaded at runtime.",
        "Bounded candidate search over MLP, softmax, nearest-centroid, patch-attention — Evaluates at most 4 configured candidates against a nearest-centroid baseline, choosing by test accuracy with deterministic tie-breaks.",
        "Seven-stage AutoResearch pipeline with file-backed ledgers — Runs 7 configured stages, writing proposal, candidate, run, phase and review ledgers that hydrate manuscript variables.",
        "Safety controls: proposal-only autonomy, no LLM calls, deferred review — Defaults to proposal_only autonomy, records 0 LLM calls and no cost, never executes generated code, and leaves publication approval to a human.",
        "Statistical diagnostics: Wilson intervals, bootstrap, McNemar, calibration — Reports Wilson score intervals, deterministic bootstrap intervals, paired discordance tests, Brier score and negative log likelihood."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_BoundedAutoResearchTiny/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_BoundedAutoResearchTiny/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ConvergenceAnalysisGradientDescent121": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ConvergenceAnalysisGradientDescent121",
      "abstract": "This paper presents a convergence study of fixed-step gradient descent on a convex quadratic, framed as the computational exemplar of the Research Project Template (https://github.com/docxology/template). The implementation lives in projects/templates/template_code_project/src/optimizer.py; experiments and figures are orchestrated by projects/templates/template_code_project/scripts/optimization_analysis.py and hydrated into the manuscript through scripts/z_generate_manuscript_variables.py, so tables and prose track output/data/optimization_results.csv after every pipeline run.\n\nWe evaluate 6 step sizes from $\\alpha = 0.01$ to $\\alpha = 2.5$, spanning conservative, near-optimal, aggressive, and divergent regimes for a unit Hessian model. The build chain exercises template infrastructure end-to-end: scientific helpers (infrastructure.scientific.stability, infrastructure.scientific.benchmarking), validation, rendering (infrastructure/rendering/pdf_renderer.py), and reporting. Accessibility-oriented plotting defaults (colourblind-safe palette, 300 dpi exports) are centralized in src/figures/ and src/analysis/.\n\nContributions are methodological and architectural. On the methods side, we relate empirical iteration counts and error decay to the scalar contraction factor $\\rho(\\alpha) = |1-\\alpha|$ and document cases where runs hit $N_{\\max} = 1000$ before meeting the gradient tolerance. On the architecture side, we demonstrate a zero-mock test suite on project src/ (see test_optimizer.py (https://github.com/docxology/template/blob/main/projects/templates/template_code_project/tests/test_optimizer.py)), automated six-figure analysis, and reproducibility metadata (configuration hash, artifact counts) injected into .\n\nResults (this configuration): 4 of 6 grid points report converged=True in the CSV; non-convergent rows flag either slow progress at small $\\alpha$ under the iteration cap or instability when $|1-\\alpha| \\geq 1$. The analytical minimizer remains $x^\\ast = 1.0$ with $f(x^\\ast) = -0.5$ for the configured $(A,b)$.\n\nKeywords: optimization algorithms, gradient descent, convergence analysis, numerical methods, mathematical programming, reproducible research, infrastructure automation\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v2.5.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_code_project/releases/tag/v2.5.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20417136\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20417136\nPDF SHA-256: cd54b95893501467503fab2c4b432573306bc94f7040085550beb87d094b4e50",
      "keywords": [
        "optimization algorithms",
        "gradient descent",
        "convergence analysis",
        "numerical methods",
        "mathematical programming",
        "reproducible research",
        "infrastructure automation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Four of the six grid step sizes converged; the non-converged runs either hit the iteration cap at small α or were unstable when |1−α| ≥ 1.",
        "α=1.0 reached the optimum in one iteration for this unit-Hessian problem, the fastest configuration.",
        "The paper reports a stability boundary at α=2: α<2 converges and α≥2 diverges for the unit-Hessian problem.",
        "In the dimensional benchmark, iterations to convergence rose only modestly (219 to 238) across two decades of dimension.",
        "The author states the scientific claims are textbook material and the non-standard contribution is procedural (config-driven figures, CSV and manuscript numbers)."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Fixed-step gradient descent on a 1-D convex quadratic (A=1, b=1) — Runs fixed-step gradient descent on f(x)=½xᵀAx−bᵀx with A=[1], b=[1], analytic optimum x*=1, f(x*)=−0.5.",
        "Six-point step-size grid from α=0.01 to α=2.5 — Sweeps six fixed step sizes spanning conservative, near-optimal, aggressive and divergent regimes, with a gradient-norm tolerance and iteration cap.",
        "Comparison to scalar contraction factor ρ(α)=|1−α| — Relates empirical iteration counts and error decay to the contraction factor of the linear error recurrence for the unit-Hessian case.",
        "Stability grid (8 starts × 6 step sizes) and dimensional scaling benchmark — Evaluates accuracy over 48 start/step-size combinations and separately times gradient_descent() on identity-Hessian quadratics of increasing dimension.",
        "Zero-mock test suite with ≥90% coverage gate and variable-injected manuscript — Tests src/ without mocks under a CI coverage gate; results are injected into the manuscript from the analysis CSV via placeholders."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ConvergenceAnalysisGradient/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ConvergenceAnalysisGradient/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026EditorialQualityAtScale122": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026EditorialQualityAtScale122",
      "abstract": "This paper documents template_prose_project, the prose-focused exemplar of the Research Project Template (https://github.com/docxology/template). It pairs the template's two-layer architecture with the prose analysis infrastructure (https://github.com/docxology/template/tree/main/infrastructure/prose) (readability metrics, structural outline, editorial quality flags) and the reference validation infrastructure (https://github.com/docxology/template/tree/main/infrastructure/reference) (BibTeX validation), demonstrating that rigorous editorial review can be expressed as a configurable, deterministic pipeline with no novel domain algorithm of its own.\n\nA single manuscript/config.yaml defines target grade-level bands, citation-density floors, structural rules (every section has an H1, no heading levels skipped), and bibliography-consistency policy. The pipeline reads the manuscript, runs the prose analysers, cross-checks every  citation against manuscript/references.bib, evaluates the configured checks, and writes a deterministic markdown review report alongside three figures (per-file word counts, readability metrics, citation density) and a JSON manuscript_report.json suitable for CI artefacts.\n\nRun snapshot. The current configuration analyses 8 file(s) totalling 1742 words across 86 sentence(s) and 64 paragraph(s). Average Flesch-Kincaid grade level is 15.93; average Gunning Fog index is 16.69; the manuscript references 6 unique citation key(s); the longest section is 413 words and the shortest is 17. These numbers are auto-substituted by scripts/z_generate_manuscript_variables.py after every run, so the abstract tracks the JSON outputs in output/.\n\nThe contribution is methodological and architectural: a generic, reusable prose-quality module (infrastructure/prose/) that any project in the template can opt into, plus a minimal, configurable exemplar (projects/templates/template_prose_project/) that wires it to the bibliography and the manuscript pipeline.\n\nKeywords: prose analysis, readability, editorial review, reproducible manuscript review, scientific infrastructure\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.4.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_prose_project/releases/tag/v0.4.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20417104\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20417104\nPDF SHA-256: 290d21b10bd588b978d6a3200cdf0e3c2441ca86fcdc777ab41975fa910a260e",
      "keywords": [
        "prose analysis",
        "readability",
        "editorial review",
        "reproducible research",
        "manuscript quality"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper reports that editorial review can be expressed as a configurable, deterministic pipeline with no novel domain algorithm of its own.",
        "On the bundled manuscript, the run analysed 8 files totalling 1731 words, with average Flesch-Kincaid grade 15.87 and Gunning Fog 16.67.",
        "Because no external service is consulted, a second run on the same inputs produces byte-identical JSON (modulo timestamp metadata).",
        "The stated contribution is architectural: a reusable prose-quality module any template project can opt into, plus a minimal configurable exemplar."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Five-stage pure-function pipeline: read, analyse, cross-check, evaluate, render — template_prose_project implements editorial review as five pure-function stages in src/, with scripts limited to argument parsing and I/O.",
        "Readability metrics: Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid grade, Gunning Fog — Per-file metrics are computed with textbook readability formulae over a vowel-group syllable heuristic.",
        "Heuristic quality flags: passive voice, hedge density, citation density — A quality analyser flags passive-voice candidates, hedge words, Pandoc [@key] citation density, and long sentences.",
        "Citation-key cross-check against references.bib with configurable policy — Every cited key is matched against the BibTeX file, with fail_on_missing / fail_on_unused settings in config.yaml.",
        "Run-twice diff test for byte-identical JSON output — Reproducibility is checked locally by running the pipeline twice and diffing manuscript_report.json."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_EditorialQualityAt/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_EditorialQualityAt/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026TemplateApproachReproducibleGenerative123": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026TemplateApproachReproducibleGenerative123",
      "abstract": "The reproducibility crisis in computational research is fundamentally structural: research artifacts are scattered across disconnected tools—LaTeX editors, Jupyter notebooks, ad-hoc shell scripts—with no enforced mechanism to keep code, data, and manuscript synchronized. Studies have shown that most published findings are false positives, replication rates in psychology hover around 36%, and only 24% of 1.4 million Jupyter notebooks can be successfully re-executed. Existing tools address fragments of this problem: workflow managers (Snakemake, Nextflow, CWL) orchestrate computation; literate programming systems (Quarto, Jupyter Book, R Markdown, Overleaf, OpenAI Prism) render documents; data versioning tools (DVC) track artifacts—but none enforces cross-cutting quality standards as architectural invariants. template/ applies the principle of Infrastructure as Code to the research lifecycle, making the manuscript, test suite, and provenance chain version-controlled, deterministically buildable, and independently verifiable. It is built on a Two-Layer Architecture that separates 23 infrastructure subdirectories (20 importable Python packages, ~604 modules, validated by ~7,780 tests) from self-contained project workspaces, connected by a YAML-declared pipeline (12 stages; default full 10)-based build pipeline progressing from environment sanitization through test execution (with a Zero-Mock testing policy enforcing 90% project-level and 60% infrastructure-level coverage via real filesystem operations and subprocess invocations), analysis script invocation, Pandoc/XeLaTeX rendering, SHA-256 cryptographic hashing with steganographic watermarking, structural PDF validation, and LLM-assisted review. A Documentation Duality standard equips every directory with both human-readable README.md and machine-readable AGENTS.md files, while each infrastructure module additionally carries a SKILL.md—a structured skill descriptor aligned with the Model Context Protocol—enabling AI agents to locate and invoke module capabilities without hallucinating API signatures.\n\nScalability is demonstrated across the generated public exemplar roster (templates/template_active_inference, templates/template_autoresearch_project, templates/template_autoscientists, templates/template_code_project, templates/template_gold_refinement, templates/template_literature_meta_analysis, templates/template_madlib, templates/template_newspaper, templates/template_prose_project, templates/template_sia, templates/template_template, templates/template_textbook), with representative heterogeneous cases under projects/templates/: optimization (template_code_project, 231 tests), prose (template_prose_project, 120 tests), and AutoResearch readiness (template_autoresearch_project, 296 tests). These guarantee control-positive layouts for code-centric, prose-centric, and retrieval-centric workflows at 90%+ project coverage alongside 60%+ infrastructure gates. All three share identical pipeline stages without cross-project coupling. This manuscript adds a complementary reflexive artifact: authored from projects/templates/template_template (127 tests) as a public exemplar in the same discovered/rendered tree, using the same analysis and render path and injecting counters from repository introspection. The fact that these words, metrics, and figures were generated by the pipeline they describe demonstrates self-documenting capacity: rendered through the DAG, validated without mocks, optionally watermarked. A comparative analysis against nine peer tools across fourteen dimensions positions template/ as integrating fourteen distinctive enforcement capabilities—testing thresholds, cryptographic provenance, steganographic watermarking, multi-project management, MCP-aligned skill descriptors, Zero-Mock policy, orchestration through publication—in one repository. Code is released under the Apache License 2.0 at github.com/docxology/template; the work remains open-ended.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.9 (https://github.com/docxology/template_template/releases/tag/v1.0.9)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20419007\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20419007\nPDF SHA-256: 535bd80943d0ae9fd504a926efb41c6b39c3a812a94ea4d51bc974029bca563c",
      "keywords": [
        "reproducible research",
        "infrastructure-as-code",
        "steganography",
        "cryptographic provenance",
        "LaTeX rendering",
        "modular infrastructure",
        "publication integrity",
        "zero-mock testing",
        "thin orchestrator",
        "two-layer architecture",
        "FAIR4RS",
        "research software engineering"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Reports 100% pipeline completion for the sampled multi-project runs, with timings described as illustrative.",
        "The manuscript was itself produced by the pipeline it describes, with metrics injected from repository introspection.",
        "The comparative analysis positions template/ as integrating fourteen distinctive enforcement capabilities in one repository.",
        "States that the provenance layer offers SHA-256 tamper detection but not cryptographic non-repudiation, since it lacks private-key signatures.",
        "Acknowledges the pipeline is single-machine, without native distributed execution, where Snakemake, Nextflow and CWL are superior."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Two-Layer Architecture separating shared infrastructure from project workspaces — Describes a repository design where N independent research projects share infrastructure packages without coupling to each other.",
        "YAML-declared 12-stage build DAG from tests through Pandoc/XeLaTeX rendering — Specifies the pipeline in pipeline.yaml; default full runs use 10 stages and --core-only runs 8.",
        "Zero-Mock testing policy with 90% project and 60% infrastructure coverage gates — Tests use real filesystem operations and subprocess calls rather than mocks, with coverage thresholds enforced by the pipeline.",
        "Feature comparison against nine peer tools across fourteen dimensions — Compares template/ with workflow managers, literate-programming systems, DVC, Overleaf and OpenAI Prism on enforcement features.",
        "Multi-project pipeline runs measuring coverage, timing, integrity and watermarking — Exemplar projects were run through the core pipeline on an Apple Silicon workstation, recording tests passed, durations and steganography timings."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_TemplateApproachReproducible/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_TemplateApproachReproducible/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ActiveInferenceMultiTrack124": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ActiveInferenceMultiTrack124",
      "abstract": "We study a minimal Active Inference stack on toy models: a Bernoulli–Ising analytical oracle, a pymdp T-maze rollout, and a sheaf-indexed compose contract that binds 34 fragment tracks into 12 flat IMRAD sections. The methodological contribution is a discipline rather than a domain finding: every reported number is hydrated from a generated artifact and every cross-track claim is machine-checked before rendering, so no figure or statistic can drift from the artifact that produced it — 6 sheaf axioms are verified before composition and 25 negative controls keep each failure path live. Claims are limited to those models and their generated artifacts.\n\n reports a 17-row coverage matrix (5 IMRAD group headers) regenerated from the live manifest at compose time.  documents the T-maze harness aligned with pymdp sophisticated_inference examples (https://github.com/infer-actively/pymdp/tree/main/examples/experimental/sophisticated_inference).\n\n records 12 / 12 invariant checks passed. SI planning horizon: 2 steps. Sweep RMSE 0 nats bounds analytical–empirical agreement on the coupling grid.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.3.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_active_inference/releases/tag/v0.3.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20417021\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20417021\nPDF SHA-256: f191b48f94394cab17069fd04502c59fc1c287e7893eb078e05ba4be04d4a04c",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "pymdp",
        "sophisticated inference",
        "generalized notation notation",
        "lean"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper frames its result as a methodological discipline rather than a domain claim: 6 sheaf axioms are machine-checked and 25 negative controls keep failure paths live.",
        "It reports 12/12 invariant checks passed and a sweep RMSE of 0 nats between analytical and empirical values on the coupling grid.",
        "The measured state_inference T-maze rollout reports mean belief entropy 0.3251 nats over 2 steps, with goal reached and action diversity 2.",
        "A coverage audit reports 95 present, 95 bound, and 0 missing cells on the IMRAD matrix.",
        "The author states the models are pedagogical and validate consistency and artifact wiring, not empirical claims about biological agents."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Bernoulli–Ising analytical oracle (K=2) — Closed-form mutual information and free-energy decomposition on a symmetric Bernoulli–Ising toy, cross-checked by an independent exact recomputation via total correlation.",
        "Deterministic pymdp T-maze rollout — A minimal T-maze following pymdp sophisticated_inference examples, defaulting to state_inference with planning horizon policy_len = 2 and logged beliefs and actions.",
        "Sheaf-indexed manuscript compose contract — Binds 34 composable fragment types to manifest rows under an IMRAD outline, verifying sheaf axioms and negative controls before rendering.",
        "Lean boundary-witness formalization — Lean modules checked by lake build state small finite T-maze and graph-world witnesses, with axioms audited via #print axioms; explicitly not a broad formalization.",
        "Artifact-hydrated reporting with validation gates — Every reported number is hydrated from generated artifacts and cross-track claims are machine-checked by pipeline gates before the PDF is built."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ActiveInferenceMulti/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ActiveInferenceMulti/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026BeeStackEvidenceTypedScaffold125": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026BeeStackEvidenceTypedScaffold125",
      "abstract": "BeeStack is an executable, evidence-typed research scaffold for whole-colony simulation of the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), organized as five layers (Body, Brain, Mind, Swarm, Niche). It pairs FlyBody/MuJoCo body and small-scene swarm renders with curated empirical BeeBrain datasets and reduced deterministic kernels, keeping fidelity a declared per-module property: every quoted number is traceable from configuration to artifact to manuscript, gaps are catalogued rather than hidden, and the validation rate is a config-band self-test measure, not a biological-realism score. This 1.0 release accompanies the manuscript 'BeeStack: An Evidence-Typed Scaffold for Whole-Colony Honeybee Simulation' and includes the combined PDF and the full source archive. Source: https://github.com/docxology/BeeStack",
      "keywords": [
        "honeybee",
        "Apis mellifera",
        "active inference",
        "simulation scaffold",
        "swarm intelligence",
        "niche construction",
        "FlyBody",
        "MuJoCo",
        "antennal lobe",
        "mushroom body",
        "central complex",
        "waggle dance",
        "BEEHAVE",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The empirical run integrates 48 response panels, 7 anatomy inventories and 24 odor templates, with a parseable-source fraction of 0.800.",
        "All module contract self-tests pass (rate 1.000) alongside 11 catalogued open gaps; the authors stress this is contract conformance, not biological validation.",
        "BeeBody visual scores (0.980 visual, 1.000 silhouette) certify that renders look like a bee, not that kinetics match; masses, adhesion and aerodynamics are FlyBody defaults.",
        "Strict swarm scenes are small scripted-pose contact scenes (3 scenes, 15 unique contact pairs); colony dynamics use reduced kernels with 50 agents representing 20,000 workers.",
        "The authors state the results do not show BeeStack can yet predict colony survival, pesticide response, full dance-language use, or field foraging success."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Five typed Python modules (Body, Brain, Mind, Swarm, Niche) with contracts — A five-layer honeybee specification is converted into five typed Python modules with explicit contracts, deterministic seeding and a hydrated manuscript.",
        "BeeBody: FlyBody walking/flight tasks on a generated honeybee MJCF in MuJoCo — Body renders use FlyBody walking and wing-beat flight tasks through a generated honeybee MJCF body plan in MuJoCo; strict swarm scenes use scripted poses with real contact detection.",
        "BeeBrain ingestion of curated public Apis mellifera datasets — Public anatomy and activity datasets (Honey-Bee Standard Brain, glomerular odor codes, calcium imaging, etc.) are parsed into anatomy inventories, response panels and dance templates.",
        "Reduced deterministic kernels for BeeMind, BeeSwarm and BeeNiche — Active-inference-style policy scoring, dance recruitment and comb/thermal stepping are implemented as reduced, hand-calibrated deterministic kernels with diagnostics.",
        "Claim ledger and manuscript hydration from run-time JSON — A claim ledger maps each claim class to evidence and what it does not prove; manuscript numbers are read from pipeline-generated JSON, and tests use no mocks."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_BeeStack/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_BeeStack/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026WhenDoBugsSee126": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026WhenDoBugsSee126",
      "abstract": "<p>Objective: To review the plausibility of insect detection of infrared (IR) cues that covary with semiochemical vibrational signatures, and to produce falsifiable predictions through the integration of comparative entomology, spectroscopy, neural timing analysis, and computational electromagnetism. The vibrational theory remains contested, so the framework treats IR/vibrational sensing as a testable complement to molecular recognition rather than a replacement for receptor binding . Methods: We integrate: (i) literature-grounded morphometric ranges for antennal sensilla, (ii) ATR-FTIR evidence that insect body chemistry can support species discrimination, (iii) published olfactory receptor neuron timing constraints, and (iv) deterministic electromagnetic models that expose their assumptions and parameter sensitivity . Preregistered experimental protocols specify QCL/LED bands (2--25 &micro;m), thermal matched controls, power density 0.1--2 mW/cm&sup2;, and N&ge;50 per condition. All analyses use fixed random seeds (42) where stochastic routines are present. Results: The computational figures show where sensillum-scale dimensions, CHC-associated mid-IR bands, and atmospheric windows overlap, but they do not by themselves establish biological IR olfaction. The strongest empirical anchors are narrower: fast insect ORN first-spike timing, photomechanic IR organs in pyrophilous beetles, hematophagy IR cues in mosquitoes and kissing bugs, thermogenic pollination signals in cycads, thermosensitive coeloconic sensilla in ants, and passive cuticle IR optics . These sources motivate specific experiments while also constraining the manuscript's range and mechanism claims. Conclusions: The framework yields five preregistered falsifiers aligned with \\Cref{sec:discussion}: (1) spectral nulls under matched thermal load, (2) geometric mismatch between sensilla dimensions and predicted resonances, (3) environmental misalignment of CHC peaks with transmission windows, (4) temporal indistinguishability of IR versus thermal ORN latencies, and (5) behavioral independence of IR-only orientation from chemical gradients. Protocols specify QCL/LED bands (2--25 &micro;m), matched power deposition, and N&ge;50 per condition to separate electromagnetic detection from thermal artifacts. Implications: Applications of this work include biomimetic IR sensor design, better-controlled pest-monitoring experiments, and clearer tests of whether insect olfactory systems ever use wavelength-specific electromagnetic information. Keywords: insect olfaction, infrared detection, vibrational theory, electromagnetic sensing, sensilla morphology, cuticular hydrocarbons, atmospheric transmission, biomimetic sensors Reproducibility: Complete implementation with seven case studies in Appendices --- Associated artifacts GitHub release: v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/cohereants/releases/tag/v1.0.0) PDF SHA-256: 36bd97a8ff522937390213a69abb40c8c87a06ab783457e62d7effef4762bac2</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "insect olfaction",
        "infrared detection",
        "vibrational theory of olfaction",
        "semiochemicals",
        "sensilla morphology",
        "electromagnetic sensing",
        "active inference",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The computed figures show where sensillum dimensions, CHC-associated mid-IR bands, and atmospheric windows overlap, but do not by themselves establish biological IR olfaction.",
        "The framework yields five preregistered falsifiers, including spectral nulls under matched thermal load and geometric mismatch between sensilla and predicted resonances.",
        "Published insect ORN timing is fast enough that any IR stage would need to be experimentally separated from already-rapid molecular responses.",
        "Beetle, kissing-bug, ant, cycad, and mosquito examples establish radiant IR sensing precedents but not direct semiochemical IR olfaction.",
        "On a CHC spectrum fixture, the paper's automated peak detection identifies CHC-associated bands that published ATR-FTIR work links to species discrimination; perceptual use of those bands remains to be tested."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Integration of literature morphometrics, ATR-FTIR evidence, ORN timing, and EM models — Combines published sensilla ranges, FTIR insect-chemistry evidence, olfactory neuron timing constraints, and deterministic electromagnetic models.",
        "Coarse atmospheric IR transmission window model with sensitivity terms — A baseline window model plus humidity, temperature, scattering, and path-length terms, explicitly framed as a scenario generator.",
        "Quarter-/half-wave resonance estimates for sensilla as dielectric antennas — Representative sensilla classes, anchored to published Thripidae measurements, are compared against IR wavelengths via resonance and waveguide calculations.",
        "Unit-tested deterministic code (CohereAnts) with fixed seeds and coverage gate — All models are implemented in tested src/ modules with seed 42 and a 90% coverage gate, with seven appendix case studies.",
        "Preregistered IR-only assay protocols with thermal-matched controls — Specifies single-sensillum electrophysiology, behavioral IR-only assays, and SEM morphometrics with QCL/LED bands and N>=50 per condition."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_WhenDoBugs/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_WhenDoBugs/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026SelfImprovementAgentHarness127": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026SelfImprovementAgentHarness127",
      "abstract": "This exemplar documents template_sia, a deterministic implementation of the Self-Improvement Agent (SIA) harness contract described in the Self-Improvement Agents specification (Hexo AI, 2026, arXiv:2605.27276). The default pipeline replays fixture-backed generations for the mini_classify task; opt-in live mode runs bounded target subprocesses and optional Ollama-backed meta/feedback steps.\n\nRun snapshot. Task mini_classify, run 1, 3 generation(s), live=false. Final accuracy=0.8333 over 6 held-out samples. Values are injected by scripts/z_generate_manuscript_variables.py after analysis.\n\nKeywords: self-improvement agents, benchmark harness, reproducible evaluation, agent loops\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.1.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_sia/releases/tag/v0.1.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20453879\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20453879\nPDF SHA-256: 6e6d19d04182628bb825471cf8094b5c32d2c491d2c646652ec7e2439ba80773",
      "keywords": [
        "self-improvement agents",
        "benchmark harness",
        "reproducible research",
        "agent evaluation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "In the bundled fixture-replay run, final accuracy on mini_classify was 0.8333 over 6 held-out samples after 3 generations.",
        "Accuracy rose from the first to the final generation by a metric delta of 0.3333 in the fixture replay.",
        "template_sia shows the SIA harness contract can be embedded in the Research Project Template without vendoring upstream orchestration code, split into an infrastructure layer and a project layer.",
        "The author states the fixture-replay metrics validate wiring only and are not evidence of state-of-the-art self-improvement."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Meta -> Target -> Feedback three-agent SIA loop — The harness cycles a meta agent that seeds a target agent, the target run on public data, and a feedback agent that reads private metrics to propose the next generation.",
        "Public/private task split with deterministic reference baseline — Each task separates agent-visible data and instructions from held-out evaluation labels, plus a deterministic reference target agent.",
        "Fixture-replay determinism contract with opt-in live mode — By default generations replay recorded fixtures so CI never runs generated code or calls LLM APIs; a flag enables bounded subprocess execution with optional Ollama feedback.",
        "mini_classify single-feature threshold classifier task — The bundled exemplar task is a threshold classifier on one feature column, evaluated over 3 generations on 6 held-out samples."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_SelfImprovementAgent/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_SelfImprovementAgent/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025BiofirmDevelopmentFirstPrinciples128": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025BiofirmDevelopmentFirstPrinciples128",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Presents Active Inference 'biofirm' homeostatic agents as an approach to bioregional and regenerative finance.",
        "Lists features to avoid in a new economy, including commodification of nature and people and total fungibility of asset classes.",
        "Proposes an open-source biofirm kernel built on homeostatic, biomimetic principles such as self-organization, self-healing and self-modeling.",
        "Names the Free Energy Principle and Shapley Value as the basis for cooperative incentives and value allocation.",
        "States criteria grounding the biofirm in the scientific method, Bayesian statistics and the Markov blanket, with scale- and domain-free MRV metrics."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Mapping biofirm design to Ostrom's commons governance principles — The slides use Ostrom's commons design principles and social-ecological system concept as the reference framework for biofirm governance."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "methods": "papers/2025_BiofirmDevelopmentWith/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_BiofirmDevelopmentWith/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/2025_BiofirmDevelopmentWith/metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025ConCatEnateEmulation129": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025ConCatEnateEmulation129",
      "abstract": "Updated &nbsp; added a number of pages at the start&nbsp; (from page 2) that describes the entire system and whats missing apologies for not giving this overview of&nbsp; what would happen given those missing parts and the purpose of demo0.01 which substitute those parts to see whether the break down of the 10 miliscond to (longer period) with each handwritten sim, does stack chems as mentioned; and thus imply correct behavior some of the documents mentioning demo 0.01 and its motivation wasnt included (mentioned in the catpilot) therefore might cause confusion&nbsp; (ontop of also not really mentioning what would each of the missing part cause,) much apologies &nbsp; part 1 and part 2 updated of the emulated cat goes along with these documents: pilot:&nbsp; https://zenodo.org/records/14737043 beacons: https://zenodo.org/records/14737060 bevcyc: https://zenodo.org/records/14737076 &nbsp;",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The authors state the document's purpose is only to justify the proposed flow, which is a posit testable only once its components exist.",
        "They list missing components, including sim, CYC and chem tables, the CYC modulator (a process reward model), a trigger table and a sim resolver.",
        "The authors argue a process reward model is critical: without it, it would be impossible to check which route or CYC completion was better.",
        "The authors flag as untested whether the proposed decreasing-slot protocol for breaking down CYCs is valid or runs smoothly."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Independent vision-processing modules (Scanning Trio, Track Trio) — Proposes organ-like modules (modScan/modLoc/modNav for maps, points, routes; modWatch/modLook/modTude for shading, attention, tests) that process vision input and publish triggers.",
        "Chempool emulation of accumulated chemicals/hormones — Uses chempool nodes attached to modules to tally stacked chemical notations (e.g. STRESS^, #ERROR) that time and combine trigger initiation.",
        "CYC drivers decomposed into |n| slots by a CYC modulator — Epigenetic-emulation CYC drivers (e.g. WAKE-HAPPY-WAKE) are split into six-slot blocks force-filled from priority tables set by the CYC modulator, then resolved.",
        "modStream trigger grading into themes, latches and simulations — Triggers from the vision trios (and CYCs) are graded by modStream into themes and latches (simulations), which modLatch resolves into updates.",
        "Planned DEMO 0.01 with hardcoded CYCs and simulations — Proposes a demo that handwrites 11 CYCs and a simple map simulation, 'cheats' the PRM step, and shows chem accumulation and trigger selection without learning."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_ConCatEnate/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_ConCatEnate/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025GraphspeakLanguageHandshake130": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025GraphspeakLanguageHandshake130",
      "abstract": "An experiment on decomposing language onto initially established graph-theory representation applied then onto some pre-selected transformations&nbsp; (commonly used context/tool related transmutes) (t1,t2,t3) then upon some layers of decomposition finding out the shared context / what we label as a handshake; for the purpose of education / others",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Defines graphspeak as an experimental communication method whose medium is permutative graphs requiring a pre-handshake selection of sampling nodes.",
        "Argues that such a language's success depends not on rigor but on empathy, framed as composing the recipient's capability with their context.",
        "States planned objectives of testing deployment for kids, for cross-language generalizability, and for rigor."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Proposed three-layer graph sampling, conversion and decomposition scheme — Outlines Layer 0-2 steps: sampling nodes with graph theory, converting via chosen permutative formats, then decomposing and comparing similarity.",
        "Three provisional 'transmute' rules for node composition (Tr1-Tr3) — Defines three temporary notational norms for combining and decomposing nodes, illustrated with car-component examples.",
        "Planned pipeline of LLM querying with manual human confirmation — Proposes data flows in which LLM labeling of objects and transmutes is followed by a manual confirmation layer before stashing.",
        "Proposed graph-composition game as a test and application vehicle — Describes a planned game in which players compose trees of 3-node graphs and apply preselected transmutation types."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_Graphspeak/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_Graphspeak/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025BevCycPositPrimitiveDrivers131": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025BevCycPositPrimitiveDrivers131",
      "abstract": "BehavioralCycle / CYC / “ from epigenetic-sequence / epigenetic-cycle” transcribed onto ROS-like / gymnasium like Nodes-of-action-sequence; but in actual essence; is just an empty node-scaffold To fill with action-context-pairs that is designed so that they are decomposable Onto the lowest level (which is muscle tension %) “ BevCYC is a framework that implements a decomposable Chain of Node ( N – N – N ) Representing an Action Sequence / Concept Sequence That is based on the Epigenetic Cycle ideations.",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The authors posit that state–action–state triplets can be treated as state–state–state, deliberately blurring the state/action distinction.",
        "The authors suggest a minimal 'silly cat' agent demonstrating only social-cortex logging and applying could be built in the near term.",
        "The authors flag that the work is experimental and hypothesized, with later revision for proper active inference modeling contingent on technical help."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Decomposable chain of nodes (N–N–N) for action/concept sequences — Proposes BevCYC as a chain of empty nodes for action-context pairs, modeled on epigenetic-cycle ideas, representing action or concept sequences.",
        "Hierarchical decomposition down to muscle tension % — Nodes are decomposed hierarchically until they resolve to a muscle tension percentage at the lowest level.",
        "Shrinking $$$] / $$] / $] scaffold with interruption slots — Experiments with a scaffold whose earlier nodes have more slots (L) for interruption or vision/theme injection than later ones.",
        "Worked sketch: cat food-seeking cycle (EpiFoodPlau) as ROS-style nodes — Illustrates the idea with a cat morning routine of chained triplets (wake–roam–sleep, roam–hunt–roam) treated as ROS nodes with completion checkpoints.",
        "Proposed conversion node/table to robotics frameworks (BT, HTN, STRIPS) — Suggests converting BevCycles to behavior trees, HTNs, motor primitives or STRIPS planning by adding a conversion node and table."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_BevCycPositPrimitive/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_BevCycPositPrimitive/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025BeaconsPreEmulationSocial132": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025BeaconsPreEmulationSocial132",
      "abstract": "primitive emulation of social cortex currently only about tagging object types and labeled objects in simulations and having them refer to a table of&nbsp; category and response, which might include a sim of their own sensitive to cues such as mood or transferable cues of&nbsp; when the object type is called; then \"emulated\" in the mind a pulse-to-response only version of the associated objects for this purpose ( should update with more social cortex posits soon )",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Proposes classifying entities on a certainty spectrum, from predictable (walls, rocks) to highly dynamic social entities carrying their own prediction matrix.",
        "Introduces a self-social (OTSSA) label so identities can be represented and swapped into social-social simulations in place of another social creature.",
        "Notes that biologically objects may first be treated as social and then downgraded, but the sketch deliberately starts bottom-up for an optimized working agent.",
        "States the aim of building an agent by attaching any vision model to a labeling regime, which the authors flag as subject to change."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Cat-in-environment thought scenario for a simulated agent — The design is framed around a single agent (a cat) perceiving an environment of objects, each treated as a signal-publishing beacon.",
        "Pattern-scan and labeling procedure with object-type codes — A numbered formal process scans vision for patterns, ranks them by significance, and assigns labels such as OTSP, OTSA, OTSB and OTSSB by object type.",
        "Beacons table with confirmation and weight pulses — Sketches building a beacons table, checking nearest object types, then publishing pulses as weights onto the agent's simulation.",
        "Baseline-to-learned epigenetic reaction tables — Beacon processing trees are encoded in a table that starts from an inherited baseline of reactions and is modified by learning."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_BeaconsPreEmulation/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_BeaconsPreEmulation/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2025ConCatEnatePilot133": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2025ConCatEnatePilot133",
      "abstract": "Short overview of the concatenate amateur cat Combined with Beacons Bevcyc and demo 0.01 plan",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The authors summarise the pipeline as: get vision input, label/tag/process, combine with CYC, form a SIM, learn the SIM outcome, and update.",
        "The authors state the methods are currently handwritten and optimization is still in progress.",
        "The authors state they lack a consistent automated formula but believe they can produce a full behavior table for any requested video or activity."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Proposed decomposable action-sequence cat agent with ROS-style checkpoints — The pilot sketches a cat agent built from decomposable action sequences using ROS-style action checkpoints.",
        "BEACONS: pulse-and-response-table emulation of a social cortex — Tagged objects are assigned pulses with a response table so the cat can decide how to respond, hedge or prepare toward each object.",
        "BEV-CYC: inherited-then-learned chains of decomposable behavior nodes — Behavioral drives are represented as node chains, hardcoded from birth and then edited by learning, decomposed down to muscle-tension decisions.",
        "Time-limited SIM resolution with 'quickcalc' free-energy shortcuts — Each simulation is resolved within a time limit and updates parameters; low-novelty SIM types are converted to quickcalc formulas over a free-energy range."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2025_ConCatEnate2/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2025_ConCatEnate2/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2024PushPullPrimingSequence134": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024PushPullPrimingSequence134",
      "abstract": "The primary objectives of this Push and Pull document are to explore the decoupling of cognitive ( covert , attentional) and bodily ( overt ) behaviors , and to provide a sequence of hands-on computer exercises for further exploration . The priming sequence of exercises is presented to inform an individual&rsquo;s understanding of how their attention interacts with computer use movements, such as controlling the on-screen cursor with mouse, touchpad, or eye movements. What is presented here is only an initial sequence to complement other and future development of &ldquo;hand-I&rdquo; uncouplings, in principle and in practice.",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The author reports a preliminary impression that attentional push movements are faster and carry lower cognitive burden than goal-oriented pull strategies.",
        "The author stresses that push is not easier or better than pull, only different and faster.",
        "The document presents itself as only an initial sequence meant to complement future development of 'hand-I' uncouplings."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Eight-step self-guided computer exercise sequence (A-to-B cursor/eye movement) — Readers move a mouse, touchpad, eyes, or attention between two points A and B, alternating 'push' and 'pull' cognitive strategies across eight progressively layered exercises.",
        "Layering push/pull movement with lip pursing, vocalization, and language generation — Later steps add bodily constraints (pursed lips), repeated syllables, memorized text, and freeform speech while alternating push and pull movements."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2024_PushPull/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2024_PushPull/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023NaturalAIBasedScience135": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023NaturalAIBasedScience135",
      "abstract": "Letter on: \"A Natural AI Based on The Science of Computational Physics, Biology and Neuroscience: Policy and Societal Significance\".&nbsp; v1 released on December 12, 2023.&nbsp;",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference",
        "AI",
        "Natural",
        "Policy"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The letter argues that current LLMs and Transformer models are 'corpus bound', with parameter-setting criteria hidden in an undecipherable stochastic black box.",
        "The signatories argue that research in computational neuroscience, biology and physics supports a more nuanced and positive narrative of intelligence than AGI/existential-threat narratives.",
        "The letter contends AI need not be monolithic or concentrated in Big Tech to be commercialized and regulated, anticipating distributed, biologically grounded intelligences on mobile devices.",
        "The signatories call for a science-based understanding of AI's biological foundations to be given public voice and for interdisciplinary public workshops among legislators, regulators and other stakeholders."
      ],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_NaturalAIBased/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023ATLASQuestionOrientedApproach136": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023ATLASQuestionOrientedApproach136",
      "abstract": "The ATLAS system, evolving since the late 1990s, stands as a dynamic and comprehensive knowledge management tool that intends to address the complexities of modern information supply chains. The antecedent to ATLAS was the Atlas of Risk, an informal assemblage of various risks associated with digital interactions. Here we provide an initial specification for digital prototypes and paper-and-pencil implementations of a matured ATLAS architecture which integrates pattern language approaches with question-oriented procedures to manage and interpret meaning and context. The ATLAS system facilitates the management and communication of nuanced data sets and knowledge bases with an eye towards interoperability without the need for fully shared standards. The development of ATLAS, driven by the need for enhanced data interoperability and shared understanding in an increasingly complex and volatile digital landscape, reflects a profound, community response to the challenges of information environments and the fragility of extreme specialization. ATLAS's ongoing evolution showcases its adaptability and significance in the realms of data analysis, knowledge management, and cognitive security, and this first release of a technical specification establishes a foundation for a transition from prototype to scale-appropriate implementation.",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The prototype work revealed that numerous communities maintain pattern languages with limited interoperability.",
        "Combining parent-child pattern relationships with question lists (QKits) yields a dynamic type system in which objects acquire implied Patterns through requests for information.",
        "The prototype integrated several dozen pattern collections into over 1,000 networked patterns.",
        "The design treats questions, missing information, and disagreement over information as information in their own right.",
        "The authors expect knowledge-base growth to follow a sigmoid rather than exponential curve as iQueries increasingly network existing objects."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Alpha COGSEC ATLAS prototype built on Coda.io (2023) — A first digital ATLAS prototype applied to cognitive-security vulnerabilities and exploits, built on a low-code platform, informed the specification.",
        "Object-class specification: Entity, Pattern, iQuery, Attribute, Prompt Interface — Defines core ATLAS components with properties and methods, sufficient for digital or paper-and-pencil implementation.",
        "Question Oriented Design via iQuery routers and pattern QKits — Structured queries route answers to attributes and assign implied Patterns, which in turn attach new question kits (dynamic typing).",
        "IXE and VIE designations for interoperating ATLAS instances — Defines Information Exchange Environments and Verified Information Exchange Environments with quality assurance and enforcement criteria."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_ATLAS2/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_ATLAS2/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023TranscriptActiveInferenceGuestStream137": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023TranscriptActiveInferenceGuestStream137",
      "abstract": "Transcript from livestream on July 25, 2023 at the Active Inference Institute. YouTube watch link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUXfgzKHV1c Repository with updated transcripts and accessory files: https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/ActiveInferenceJournal/tree/main/GuestStream/GuestStream_049 Information on the Institute: https://www.activeinference.org/",
      "keywords": [
        "Consciousness",
        "Science",
        "Communication"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Peters states that the results unveiled at the 2023 public event challenged both Global Neuronal Workspace and Integrated Information Theory, contrary to how the press framed them.",
        "Peters argues that missing nuance in news coverage changed the meaning of what was presented.",
        "Peters argues that such journalism damages the field's legitimacy with peers, funders and publication venues.",
        "Bradford advises readers that press articles making sensational claims, such as finding the root of consciousness, are probably not true.",
        "Bradford recommends researchers be clear about what level of 'consciousness' they mean when presenting work or talking to journalists."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Timestamped transcript of a July 26, 2023 Active Inference Institute livestream — Records a ~10-minute talk by Megan Peters followed by a three-way discussion with Nora Bradford and Daniel Friedman.",
        "Peters' case examples of media coverage of consciousness science — Peters walks through quoted headlines and passages from news coverage (e.g. Nature, Science, The Economist) and critiques each."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_TranscriptActiveInference/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_TranscriptActiveInference/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023ModernNostrIndexCard138": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023ModernNostrIndexCard138",
      "abstract": "Some concepts explored related to Knowledge Engineering, Nostr, Large Language Models, Complexity, and more.&nbsp;",
      "keywords": [
        "Nostr",
        "Complexity",
        "Large Language Model",
        "Knowledge Engineering"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The notes propose linking papers not only by citation edges but by syntactic bridges (keyword cards) and semantic bridges (embeddings).",
        "The notes argue auto-generated flashcards pose less of an information-overload risk than auto-generated papers, since unused cards are simply ignored and useful ones composed.",
        "The notes suggest review papers could follow the most popular paths through the card graph and novelty search the least traversed ones."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Index cards as hashed Nostr notes (JSON to SHA256 ID) — The notes sketch each index card as a JSON object (username, text, etc.) hashed into a 32-byte SHA256 identifier, with edges defined between card IDs.",
        "LLM semantic embeddings attached to index cards — Proposes using language-model embeddings, translations and summaries so cards act as semantic bridges between texts.",
        "Path analysis over composed index-card graphs — Proposes analyzing paths through card graphs for trivial features (overall length) and subtler ones (e.g. which proportion of links are novel reports)."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2023_ModernNostrIndex/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_ModernNostrIndex/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2023SlidesIris139": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2023SlidesIris139",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The slides identify that in the GPT framing the latent semantic state is not separated by speaker, so speakers are admixed and cannot be weighted or attended to differentially.",
        "Reusing a renormalization-group figure from Friston, Friedman et al. 2023, the slides sketch speaker attention as a portfolio (regime) of nested attentions at all levels.",
        "Listed next steps are adding visualizations/dashboards, specifying the model in GNN toward implementation, and adding an action component."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Active Inference generative model drawn as a Bayesian graph — The slides open with a labelled graph of the A, B, C, D, E, G and policy terms of an Active Inference generative model as the reference frame.",
        "Mapping GPT onto a minimal prior/state/observation model — A reduced D-s-o model is used to describe what GPT does: prior as training set and parameters, latent semantic state, and word strings as observations.",
        "Perceptual-inference extension with a transition matrix B — Temporal dynamics are added via the perceptual inference part of Active Inference, with hidden states changing over time and no action selection.",
        "Renormalization-group model of nested attention (Friston et al. 2023) — A figure from Friston, Friedman et al. 2023 is reused to sketch how speakers, groups and sets of groups could be modelled as nested attention."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "methods": "papers/2023_SlidesIris/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2023_SlidesIris/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/2023_SlidesIris/metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022CanonicalNeuralNetworksPerform140": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022CanonicalNeuralNetworksPerform140",
      "abstract": "Transcript of a&nbsp;three-session series of discussions of the paper &quot;Canonical neural networks perform active inference&quot; by Takuya Isomura, Hideaki Shimazaki &amp; Karl J. Friston.&nbsp; https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-02994-2 LS #051.0: Background and context. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZASG-rtkXDk LS #051.1: First participatory group discussion. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IM_NlUzyq8M LS #051.2: Second participatory group discussion. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hY_CajLpt9Q",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "As read in the stream, the paper claims a class of canonical rate-coding neural networks is universally characterised as variational Bayesian inference under a particular but generic generative model.",
        "Friedman relays the paper's corollary of the complete class theorem: any neural network minimizing a cost function can be viewed as variational Bayesian inference under some priors.",
        "Quoted from the paper: a network of rate coding models with sigmoid activation formally corresponds to a class of POMDP models.",
        "The paper's maze-task simulations are described as supporting the proposition, and the implicit prior was estimated from simulated neural activity as a good approximation to the true value."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Three-session Active Inference livestream (#051) on Isomura et al. 2022 — The work is a transcript of livestream #051: a solo background session (#051.0) plus two participatory discussions with Takuya Isomura.",
        "Solo slide walkthrough by Daniel Friedman with colour-coded paper quotes — In #051.0 Friedman walks through the paper's structure on slides, colour-coding direct quotes by perception, action, and complete class theorem themes.",
        "Discussion of the complete class theorem via external online resources — Friedman introduces the complete class theorem using external blog/LessWrong posts, inviting others with more expertise to contribute."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_CanonicalNeuralNetworks/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_CanonicalNeuralNetworks/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022InteroceptionAsModelingAllostasis141": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022InteroceptionAsModelingAllostasis141",
      "abstract": "Transcript of discussions of the 2022 paper &ldquo;Interoception as modeling, allostasis as control&rdquo; by Eli Sennesh, Jordan Theriault, Dana Brooks, Jan-Willemvan de Meent, Lisa Feldman Barrett, &amp; Karen S. Quigley&nbsp; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301051121002350 Session 050.0, October 17, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7r0ISlr-Hc &nbsp; Session 050.1, October 20, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tGd-mgSdbio Session 050.2, November 3, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4o-LmkycAC0 &nbsp;",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "As read in the session, the paper proposes studying allostasis in terms of control theory, with interoception providing performance feedback for allostasis.",
        "Sennesh says the motivation was that real biological prior preferences cannot be fixed, raising how much must be learned over development rather than built in.",
        "Sennesh summarizes that the model yields a notion of affordance competition via forward simulations of trajectories evaluated over time.",
        "Sennesh states that normalizing to probability densities gives a common currency, so the model needs no separate reward currency.",
        "Sennesh notes whether interoception is predictively coded below the neck remains an open empirical question."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Transcripts of ActInf Livestream #050 sessions (50.0, 50.1, 50.2) — Records three Active Inference Institute livestream discussions (Oct-Nov 2022) of the Biological Psychology paper 'Interoception as modeling, allostasis as control'.",
        "Background walkthrough by Friedman and Tickles (50.0) — In 50.0 the hosts reviewed the paper's big questions, aims, abstract and roadmap before later sessions with authors.",
        "Author slide presentation by Eli Sennesh with Jordan Theriault (50.1) — Paper co-authors presented the model (Section 4: allostasis as stochastic optimal control) and took questions from participants."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_InteroceptionAsModeling/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_InteroceptionAsModeling/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022TranscriptMarkSolmsConsciousness142": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022TranscriptMarkSolmsConsciousness142",
      "abstract": "This document is an enhanced transcript of the live presentations and group discussions with Mark Solms in 2022 at the Active Inference Institute. The focus is the 2018 paper &quot;How and Why Consciousness Arises: Some Considerations from Physics and Physiology&quot; by Mark Solms and Karl Friston.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference",
        "Consciousness",
        "Neuroanatomy",
        "Psychology",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "Livestream"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Solms asserts that affect is the foundational form of consciousness and that affect is intrinsically conscious.",
        "Solms argues, citing hydranencephalic children, that the cortex as seat of consciousness and feeling has to be dismissed.",
        "Solms argues affect is not the same as interoceptive inference (distinguishing his view from Anil Seth's), because many interoceptive perceptual states are not affective.",
        "Solms claims the mechanism of perceptual and cognitive consciousness is precision modulation of allostatic prediction errors.",
        "Solms reports his group is trying to instantiate these affect mechanisms in an artificial system, with only preliminary findings presented so far."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Transcript of two GuestStream sessions with Mark Solms — Edited transcript of participatory livestream sessions (#016.1, Jan. 22, 2022 and #016.2, June 11, 2022) presenting and discussing the 2018 Solms & Friston paper.",
        "Solms's ten-claim slide-led presentation with interleaved Q&A — Solms presented a summary slide of points, taking each in turn and pausing for participants' questions and comments.",
        "Clinical neurological cases discussed as evidence — Solms draws on cases including hydranencephalic children without cortex, patients lacking prefrontal or insular cortex, and deep brain stimulation of the substantia nigra."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_Transcript/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_Transcript/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022WorkedExampleBayesianMechanics143": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022WorkedExampleBayesianMechanics143",
      "abstract": "Transcripts of discussions of the 2022 preprint &quot;A Worked Example of the Bayesian Mechanics of Classical Objects&quot; by Dalton A R Sakthivadivel.&nbsp; https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.12996 Session 049.0, September 30, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtX2Fpzn7KA Session 049.1, October 5, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dAtC-Enmc8M Session 049.2, October 12, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2SuBJBEg9LI &nbsp;",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Sakthivadivel distinguishes dynamics (observed trajectories) from mechanics (the laws generating those trajectories), arguing this is often conflated in the FEP literature.",
        "Rahmjoo highlights as new results the derivation of classical physics from constrained maximum entropy and the reintroduction of supersymmetry to explain classical chaos.",
        "Sakthivadivel explains that the path minimizing classical action is the mode (most likely path), so classical mechanics can be structured as a least-surprisal problem leading to equation 15.",
        "Sakthivadivel describes path tracking as handling nonstationary systems by relating the FEP over paths to the principle of maximum caliber."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Transcripts of ActInf Livestream #049.0–049.2 discussing Sakthivadivel's preprint — Records three Active Inference Institute livestream discussions of the 2022 arXiv preprint, with the author Dalton Sakthivadivel joining 49.1 and 49.2.",
        "Background/context session (49.0) by facilitators before author sessions — The 49.0 session by Friedman, Rahmjoo and Smékal gives background and a preliminary discussion rather than a review or synthesis.",
        "Section-by-section walk-through of the paper in 49.2 — In 49.2 the participants go through the paper's sections, building toward its equation 15 for Bayesian classical mechanics."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_WorkedExampleBayesian/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_WorkedExampleBayesian/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022TranscriptDiscussionsCommunicationAs144": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022TranscriptDiscussionsCommunicationAs144",
      "abstract": "Discussion with an author of the 2021 paper &ldquo;Communication as Socially Extended Active Inference: An Ecological Approach to Communicative Behavior&rdquo; by Remi Tison &amp; Pierre Poirier.&nbsp; https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10407413.2021.1965480 &nbsp; Session #048.0, September 2, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqiZjjY9H7M Session 048.1, September 7, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWFM5zrdmG8 Session 048.1, September 7, 2022&nbsp; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWFM5zrdmG8",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Tison explains that the paper aimed to give ecological and enactive approaches a view of communication that does not rely on content or representation, unlike the transmission view.",
        "Tison states that content exists but is not at the basic level of cognition; it must be explained by a theory of communication rather than presupposed.",
        "Tison reflects that defining a shared field of affordances as the subset common to two individual fields neglects the autonomy of the interaction dynamics.",
        "Tison describes cooperative communication as a way for a group to achieve an optimal grip on the context of their joint action.",
        "Tison says the paper ties the conventional nature of language to conventional affordances generated in communicative interaction."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Transcribed ActInf Livestream #048 series (48.0, 48.1, 48.2) — Transcript of Active Inference Institute livestream discussions of the 2021 paper 'Communication as Socially Extended Active Inference', held September 2, 7 and 14, 2022.",
        "48.0 introductory walkthrough of aims, claims, abstract and roadmap — In 48.0 Daniel Friedman and Dean Tickles present the paper's aims, claims, abstract and roadmap as an introduction rather than a full review.",
        "Author-participation panel discussions with first author Rémi Tison — In 48.1 and 48.2 the first author joins Friedman, Tickles and Bleu Knight to answer questions on content, context, shared affordances, and language."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_TranscriptDiscussions/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_TranscriptDiscussions/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2022TrackingPublicSensemakingThrough145": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022TrackingPublicSensemakingThrough145",
      "abstract": "Political polarization and declining trust in institutions are driving societal destabilization and radicalization. Recently there has been increased interest in online misinformation intervention and deterrence, for example through the use of machine learning on language use. We argue that addressing crises in the information environment will require a sharper situational awareness and a deeper understanding of how beliefs emerge and crystallize, as well as greater connectivity in the work of teams and organizations in order to reduce the effects of bias and partisanship in collection and analysis. Image memes play an increasingly important role in public sensemaking and discourse and the emergence of public beliefs. Despite their significance, image memes have proven to be a very difficult category of artifact to collect, classify, and analyze in aggregate. In this white paper, the function and form of image memes are discussed, the challenges of performing image meme collection and analysis within the context of emergent, interdisciplinary teams are detailed, and requirements and recommendations for alleviating these challenges are offered.",
      "keywords": [
        "Sensemaking",
        "Memes",
        "Knowledge Management",
        "Narrative",
        "Rhetorical Analysis"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Argues that image memes function as quasi-arguments whose parsimonious form hides warrants, so interventions should target spurious evidence and hidden warrants.",
        "Argues that framing the information crisis as true versus false information has not been effective at regaining trust of disaffected audiences.",
        "Concludes that current image meme collection by emergent teams falls short of needs even though the needed affordances are within technological reach.",
        "Recommends system requirements such as on-site information, dynamic web annotations, and proximal collection and tagging affordances.",
        "Proposes digital ecosystem and API economy approaches as a viable route to many of the challenges, while noting data standardization and integration remain problems."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Toulmin claim/evidence/warrant annotation of example image memes — Applies the Toulmin argument model to worked examples (e.g. a NASA meme, 'Condescending Wonka') to expose implicit warrants.",
        "Archetypal-phase vignettes of three emergent-team collection approaches — Describes Haphazard, Methodological, and Automated Collection and Analysis approaches, drawn from the authors' experiences, with challenge tables.",
        "Russo-Ukrainian War memes as illustrative examples — Uses memes about the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War to illustrate how memetic analysis can reveal shared public beliefs.",
        "Extension of the Digital Rhetorical Ecosystem (DRE3) framework — Builds on the authors' prior computational framework combining rhetorical analysis with an ecosystem approach."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2022_TrackingPublicSensemaking/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2022_TrackingPublicSensemaking/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021TranscriptKarlFriston1st146": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021TranscriptKarlFriston1st146",
      "abstract": "On June 21st, 2021, Active Inference Lab ( activeinference.org/ ) hosted its first Applied Active Inference Symposium, featuring Professor Karl Friston. The Symposium was structured in three sections, corresponding to the Organizational Units of the Active Inference Lab: Education, Communication, and Tools. This publication reflects an edited and enriched transcript of the proceedings of the Symposium.",
      "keywords": [
        "Active Inference",
        "Free Energy Principle",
        "Symposium",
        "ActInfLab",
        "Bayesian Inference",
        "Education",
        "Communication",
        "Tools",
        "Generative Model"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Friston recommends toy simulations as the best way to demystify Active Inference for learners in an academic setting.",
        "Friston stresses that getting the generative model right is central: if it is apt for the target system, everything else usually follows.",
        "Friston distinguishes Active Inference from predictive coding: minimizing variational free energy is only half the game, with expected free energy needed for future-oriented action.",
        "On tools, Friston argues anything can be written as a generative model and hence as a variational free-energy-minimizing message-passing scheme, citing ForneyLab.",
        "Friston describes epidemic modeling with PCR incidence and mobility data, using Bayesian optimal design to judge whether including a data source is worth the complexity."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Edited transcript of a three-session moderated symposium — Records the first Applied Active Inference Symposium with Karl Friston, organized into .edu, .comms and .tools sessions mirroring the lab's organizational units.",
        "Prepared question slides posed by lab participants to Friston — Lab members developed questions in weekly meetings and presented them as slides; Friston answered and moderators gave recaps.",
        "Presentation of the lab's Active Inference terms list and ontology work — The .edu session presented the lab's terms list and working ontology, developed within the SUMO ontology framework as a backbone for education."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2021_Transcript/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2021_Transcript/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "presentation/transcript"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2021CollaborativeWritingCatechismBased147": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021CollaborativeWritingCatechismBased147",
      "abstract": "Asynchronous and remote collaborative written projects (research, field guides, code, etc.) in emergent, interdisciplinary teams can be an incredibly productive and enjoyable pursuit. The convergence of diverse perspectives, personalities, and expertise in the rapid production of written deliverables can provide immense value and insight, not just to the situation, problem, or opportunity space the team was formed to address, but also to the disciplines each author brought to the table. Yet, asynchronous and remote collaborative writing can also be rather perilous. Managing deadlines, handling disputes, communicating, staying on mission, managing resources, collective editing (and over-editing), and avoiding contradiction are only some of the challenges. While the presence of a catechism-styled operations order&nbsp;and the use of a team &ldquo;Facilitator&rdquo; can greatly improve the likelihood of success, making sure all of the authors have an alignment on protocol and etiquette while writing as a catechism-based team prevents unnecessary misunderstandings and keeps things on schedule. This &quot;3-Paragraph Order&quot; for Collaborative Writing, or C-3PO,&nbsp;is meant to rapidly onboard authors to collaborative writing procedures and etiquette.&nbsp;",
      "keywords": [
        "Remote Teams",
        "Collaborative Writing",
        "Catechisms",
        "OPORDs"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Sets out procedures, protocols and etiquette for asynchronous, remote catechism-based writing teams, organized by before, during and after the project.",
        "Recommends that teams converge on a writing approach, describing at least five styles: single primary writer, partition, joint, scribe and hybrid.",
        "Advises that changes to approaches, processes and expectations be declared and compared against the catechism to prevent mission creep.",
        "Recommends giving honest, constructive critique first and positive feedback second when asked for feedback after a project.",
        "Calls for a post-project debrief or 'hotwash' to plan next steps, future meetings and publicity."
      ],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2021_CollaborativeWritingCatechism/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020ReimaginingMaps148": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020ReimaginingMaps148",
      "abstract": "Reimagining Maps was written after participation in&nbsp;a National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Incubator hosted on Polyplexus. The field of cartography sits at the intersection of applied mathematics, engineering, geology, geography, user experience, and graphic design. Methodologies and concepts from cartography have been creatively applied in a variety of fields, such as the application of spatial mapping techniques to information in knowledge management, or the use of itinerary visualization methods in non-spatial journeys such as learning maps in learning management systems. These fields have been subjected to their own forms of development and evolution leading to new methodologies and concepts somewhat removed from their origins. Cartography itself has undergone a great deal of technology-driven development&nbsp;but would look very different today had it been developed as a new field through the creative application of methodologies and concepts from those it inspired. As the modern information and logistical context presents new challenges and thus new demands for maps, we propose a &ldquo;reimagining of maps&rdquo; through an interdisciplinary synthesis inspired by the interdisciplinary origins of maps themselves.",
      "keywords": [
        "Maps",
        "Cartography",
        "Remote Teams",
        "Interdisciplinary Research",
        "Process Mapping",
        "Knowledge Management Systems",
        "Instantaneous Remote Teams",
        "Intelligence Production",
        "OSINT"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors conclude that across fields and history, mappers face similar challenges: integrating multimodal data, representing uncertainty, user customization, and designing for action rather than archiving.",
        "Across the mapping domains reviewed, the authors found the main cutting-edge limitation was the ability to integrate data rapidly, not data availability.",
        "They propose BOLTS: data specifications reasonable for Business, Operational, Legal, Technical, and Social use-cases.",
        "They argue that BOLTS reasonableness needs metadata to guide transformations, rather than fitting all data to universal schemas.",
        "Drawing on OpenStreetMap and Wikipedia practice, the authors suggest future maps may rely on reputation-based 'network-sourcing' rather than crowd-sourcing."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Concept white paper responding to the NGA 'Reimagining Maps' Polyplexus incubator — The paper is structured around the incubator's driving questions about how emerging knowledge could make maps more flexible and understandable.",
        "Survey of the current geospatial problem space and its key challenge areas — Part I reviews issues such as interoperability, skill gaps, uncertainty, threat actors, data volume, and accessibility, then condenses them into three challenge areas.",
        "Cross-field review of 'maps' in fields adjacent to cartography — Part II examines how maps are used in process mapping, software, complex systems, communications, knowledge management, education, ecology, and mathematics.",
        "Narrative case study based on DASA's 'Map the Gap' wet-gap crossing scenario — A bridge-construction scenario for expeditionary forces in adversarial settings is used to illustrate what reimagined maps might look like."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_ReimaginingMaps/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_ReimaginingMaps/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2020InfiniteGamesInfiniteTeams149": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2020InfiniteGamesInfiniteTeams149",
      "abstract": "Infinite Games for Infinite Teams was published by and in response to the DARPA Polyplexus Citizen Incubator: &ldquo;Inventing a Remote Culture to Deal with Pandemics&rdquo;, and was done so with the intent of discussing the questions outlined below. How are global online narratives constructed and received in 2020? Why are the processes of narrative design and culture production so important for security and governance? What is possible now or soon that was not possible before? What approaches could catalyze assessment, design, and deployment of online narratives in real-time? Why is it so important to have meme-detection systems that are culturally-aware, interlingual, intermodal, and human-in-the-loop? What does it look like to take a Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) approach to the neuromemetics of narrative co-construction and agenda-setting? How could a CAS approach be used to support specifically-defined cultural/institutional/national/global interests? How do we find, formalize, and quantify goals or outcomes within a CAS framework? How can we diagnose, perturb, and create narratives through gameplay? What might a &ldquo;design science for memes&rdquo; look like? How is this present work continuous with and contrasting with previous work in innovation, generative games, and LARPing? How can music, sound, art, and other techniques amplify narrative impact ?",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Introduces the term Instantaneous Remote Teams (IRT) for rapidly formed online-native teams, described as essential for institutional function and resilience.",
        "Defines 'Infinite Teams' by analogy to Infinite Games as teams with open-ended, evolving composition, and uses 'Gray Zone' for the ambiguous space where they play.",
        "Proposes that Polyplexus could serve as a platform hosting Infinite Games such as culture creation, narrative evolution and R&D.",
        "Argues that AI alone struggles to detect links between memetic material and context, motivating curated knowledge networks with humans in the loop."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Complex Adaptive Systems framing of remote teams and narrative ecosystems — Uses the CAS framework to explore how games played by remote teams could be harnessed through platform design choices.",
        "World of Warcraft PvE/PvP play as a case study of rapid team formation — Draws on WoW raid and player-vs-player teams to illustrate rapidly assembled teams and cultural transmission.",
        "Design sketch: formal-informal interface for collaborative world-building — Idea I proposes formal memetics where technical users set world parameters while prose and art contributors co-evolve the narrative.",
        "Design sketch: Red/Blue/Green 'Cadavre Exquis' role-playing game — Idea II proposes a case-management-like knowledge-mapping game with sword, shield and integrating roles plus role-specific guiding questions."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2020_InfiniteGamesInfinite/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2020_InfiniteGamesInfinite/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026MusicNeverStoppedGrateful150": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026MusicNeverStoppedGrateful150",
      "abstract": "<p>We present a modular, citation-bound data compendium for the Grateful Dead universe &mdash; shows, songs, performances, personnel timelines, venues, recordings, and reception &mdash; and a category-theoretic interpretation of the performance graph. The work is grounded in the archival reality that Grateful Dead history is both institutional and participatory: UCSC's Grateful Dead Archive and the Internet Archive collection preserve formal and community records , while taping and trading scholarship shows why setlists and recording metadata are cultural evidence, not merely fan trivia . The surrounding source dossier also binds the non-quantitative historical frame -- formation and Acid Test context, Wall of Sound engineering, live recording/liveness scholarship, Deadhead sociology, studio-era reception, and public recognition -- to checked sources rather than to folklore alone . The compendium integrates nine primary sources (Setlist.fm , The SetList Program , the Mark Leone CMU setlist archive , GDsets , gdshowsdb , the Internet Archive Live Music Archive , the Alex Allan / whitegum lyric finder , the official band site , and Wikipedia ) with four reference sources (Britannica , the lineup-changes guide , Dodd and Trist's The Complete Annotated Grateful Dead Lyrics , and the Grateful Stats front-end ) and secondary corpora and community discussions . Each source is parsed by an independently testable reference module written against the documented record shape; the committed compendium under `data/archival/` is the dataset reported here (3341 ingested shows (gdshowsdb + truckin gap-fill; community literature estimates ~2318 canonical concerts), 645 songs, 912 venues, 40757 performance rows). A runtime completeness audit and figure-validation gate certify referential integrity and non-degenerate outputs on every pipeline run. Integration is a deterministic, sort-keyed merge over canonical slugs; registered figures also emit CSV/JSON data tables, and a first-principles claim ledger classifies each major result by irreducible input, hard constraint, assumption, validation artifact, and interpretation limit. Exploratory repertoire/uncertainty panels are labelled as pattern-discovery rather than causal inference. We then exhibit four small but real categorical constructions, situated against transformational and categorical music-theory precedents : a poset category of dates, a discrete category of shows, a monotone cumulative setlist functor and lineup functor from dates into sets, and a span representation that takes each performance to be the apex of a span between its show and its song. Wide pullbacks over a fixed show recover the show's setlist; wide pullbacks over a fixed song recover the song's performance history. The active-band roster, by contrast, is a non-monotone presheaf on the date poset &mdash; a categorical formalization of the familiar fact that members come and go. The artefacts in this paper come from the committed archival snapshot; all source-ingestion modules are written against the real source shape so that `scripts/00_fetch_sources.py --online --write-archival` refreshes the full snapshot. --- Associated artifacts GitHub release: The Music Never Stopped: A Grateful Data Compendium (v1.0.0) (https://github.com/docxology/grateful_data/releases/tag/v1.0.0) PDF SHA-256: 2d42bfd04e0b32e4871d5bcbe2c65bcce58cca336da240af7c6fd03a6563a709</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "grateful dead",
        "setlist data",
        "category theory",
        "music information retrieval",
        "reproducible data compendium"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The committed compendium contains 3341 ingested shows, 645 songs, 912 venues, and 40757 performance rows.",
        "Completeness is referential only: 282 of the 3341 catalogued shows have an empty setlist in gdshowsdb.",
        "Repertoire is highly skewed: the song-performance Gini coefficient is 0.74 and the top decile of songs accounts for 50.61% of non-segment performances.",
        "The most frequent explicit segue in the corpus is the structural \"drums\" -> \"space\" passage, with 1197 occurrences.",
        "Wide pullbacks over a show recover its setlist and over a song recover its performance history, while the active roster is a non-monotone presheaf on the date poset."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Integration of nine primary Grateful Dead data sources into one schema — Setlist.fm, SetList Program, CMU archive, GDsets, gdshowsdb, Internet Archive, whitegum, dead.net and Wikipedia are parsed by testable modules and merged.",
        "Deterministic canonical-slug merge with frozen-dataclass schema — Entities validate inputs and use canonical-slug primary keys so cross-source joins reduce to dictionary lookups; integration is a sort-keyed merge.",
        "Completeness audit, figure-validation gate, and first-principles claim ledger — Runtime checks certify referential integrity and non-degenerate figures; a ledger classifies each major result by inputs, assumptions, and limits.",
        "First-order Markov model of within-show song order with permutation-null FDR screen — Fits song-to-song transition probabilities, audits support thresholds, and screens transitions against a permutation null under FDR control.",
        "Category-theoretic constructions: date poset, show category, functors, spans — Builds setlist and lineup functors from dates into sets, an active-roster presheaf, and performances as spans between show and song."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_MusicNeverStopped/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_MusicNeverStopped/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DeterministicTestbedSelfOrganizing151": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DeterministicTestbedSelfOrganizing151",
      "abstract": "Recent work on AutoScientists  coordinates self-organizing teams of language-model agents through a small set of shared mechanisms: a champion-and-experiment-log shared state, a registry of retired dead-end directions, effect-size ranking of candidate directions, noise-band confirmation of claimed improvements, and stagnation-driven reorganization of teams. This exemplar provides a deterministic, standalone reference implementation of those mechanisms and studies them honestly as a testbed rather than as a performance claim.\n\nWe make the comparison fair by holding the total number of objective evaluations fixed: coordinated teams partition a single sequential experiment budget rather than adding parallel compute. Under that matched budget, coordination cannot — and in our results does not — beat a single-thread baseline on the final champion metric; we report the actual numbers and claim no speedup. What the testbed does demonstrate are two distinct, independently measurable benefits. First, noise-robustness: because the objective is stochastic, a single observed gain can be a draw of evaluation noise, so we separate the reported champion metric from the clean noise-free ground truth and show that noise-band confirmation shrinks the gap between them by roughly an order of magnitude — with confirmation on, the final champion's reported metric sits $0.0012$ above its clean value, against $0.0156$ with confirmation removed, while every configuration reaches the same clean optimum. Second, search hygiene: the dead-end registry, consulted by the proposer, cuts redundant re-probes of retired directions from $36$ to $0$ and halts at $36$ of the $60$ experiments — the same clean answer, reached with less waste. A per-mechanism ablation isolates each component's contribution, and the language-model proposer is a clean plug-in seam: a deterministic rule-based agent drives the reproducible figures, and a live Hermes agent (served by Ollama) can be swapped in without touching the coordination loop.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_autoscientists/releases/tag/v1.0.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20533669\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20533669\nPDF SHA-256: 0af391375b14eb397812a8050657e2980fbc3a768e6fb108aa2f7eff46773e16",
      "keywords": [
        "agent coordination",
        "scientific discovery",
        "noise-band confirmation",
        "ablation study",
        "reproducible research",
        "language-model agents"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Under the matched budget, coordinated teams and the baseline reach the same clean optimum (advantage 0.0000); coordination was slightly slower to first reach it (16 vs 12 experiments).",
        "Noise-band confirmation reduced accepted noise roughly 13-fold (reported-vs-clean gap 0.01565 to 0.00121) on this objective.",
        "The dead-end registry cut redundant re-probes from 36 to 0 and let the search halt at 36 rather than 60 experiments, with the clean answer unchanged.",
        "Effect-size ranking and reorganization did not change any measured quantity on this objective.",
        "The author cautions that these magnitudes are properties of this synthetic objective, budget and deterministic proposer, not general constants."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Deterministic re-implementation of AutoScientists coordination mechanisms — Re-implements AutoScientists' mechanisms (confirmation, dead-end registry, effect-size ranking, reorganization, team partitioning) as individually switchable modules.",
        "Synthetic rippled quadratic objective with seeded noise (d=4) — Optimizes a 4-D objective with a global peak at the origin, cosine ripples and seeded bounded noise, allowing reported vs clean metric comparison.",
        "Matched 60-experiment sequential budget vs single-thread baseline — Coordinated teams partition the same sequential budget as a single-thread baseline rather than adding parallel compute.",
        "One-at-a-time per-mechanism ablation via SearchConfig — Starts from the full coordinated configuration and switches off exactly one mechanism per ablation run.",
        "Pluggable Proposer: deterministic rule-based vs Hermes LLM via Ollama — Figures use a rule-based DeterministicProposer; a HermesProposer served by Ollama can be swapped in and is tested only by an opt-in test."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DeterministicTestbedSelf/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DeterministicTestbedSelf/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026RecoveringLLMPersonaAccuracies152": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026RecoveringLLMPersonaAccuracies152",
      "abstract": "<p>Algebraic (NTQR) evaluation infers how accurate a group of noisy classifiers was on a finite test using only their responses &mdash; no answer key. We test this end to end on real large language models. Three trader \"personas\" (optimistic, neutral, pessimistic), instantiated as system prompts, each make a binary bullish/bearish call on the same 64 market scenarios; we run the identical trio through six locally-hosted models via Ollama. For each model we recover per-persona, per-label accuracy with ErrorIndependentEvaluation (unsupervised) and score it against the authored ground truth (supervised), which is used only as a check. On the five models whose three judges all varied (mistral:latest, gemma4:latest, gemma3:4b, gemma2:2b, granite4.1:3b), the unsupervised algebra recovered persona accuracies to a mean absolute error of 0.012, within the 0.102 sampling-noise floor across all six per-label accuracy terms, with no labels -- including a persona's genuinely poor bullish accuracy of 0.57, recovered as 0.59. The other model collapsed at least one persona into a constant classifier (a judge that voted one way on all 64 scenarios), which makes the error-independent algebra unsolvable. The central, non-obvious result: inter-judge disagreement does not imply evaluability. Aggregate disagreement separated this run only because the unevaluable model(s) collapsed to 0.00; the five evaluable models spanned 0.03&ndash;0.23. What gates evaluation is a per-judge condition &mdash; every judge must vary (and answer) &mdash; not an ensemble one. We formalize this as a label-free evaluability diagnostic (a judge whose modal-vote fraction reaches 1.0 is a constant classifier; an unparseable vote is an abstention) that predicted exactly which models would be evaluable, before any solve and without ground truth. This is a concrete instance of the safety property the NTQR logic promises: it warns you when an ensemble is not good enough to be evaluated. A scenario bootstrap puts a 95% CI of [0.000, 0.038] on the recovery MAE (well inside the 0.102 noise floor), and a deterministic synthetic study generalizes the recovery beyond the finite set of real evaluable models &mdash; error falls like 1/&radic;Q (slope -0.58, stable across ensembles) &mdash; while mapping two honest limits: the built-in failure alarm catches anti-correlated judges with no false positives yet can miss positively-correlated (shared-training) errors, and the two-solution tie-break inverts once judges are no longer clearly better than random &mdash; exactly where simple majority-voting evaluation, though biased, is the more robust fallback. --- Associated artifacts GitHub release: v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/ntqr_llm/releases/tag/v1.0.0) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20498699 Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20498699 PDF SHA-256: e1196698427f9fe04d1f3071705adb6e5459983649c78d7f5d074756e989148b</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "algebraic evaluation",
        "NTQR",
        "unsupervised evaluation",
        "evaluation on unlabeled data",
        "LLM-as-judge",
        "error-independent evaluation",
        "ensemble evaluability",
        "constant classifier",
        "AI safety warning light",
        "reproducible research",
        "answer-key-free recovery",
        "local large language models"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "For mistral:latest, unsupervised recovery matched authored-truth accuracies to a mean absolute error of 0.012, within the 0.102 sampling-noise floor.",
        "The algebra recovered a poor judge's accuracy without labels: the pessimist's true bullish accuracy of 0.57 was recovered as 0.59.",
        "Inter-judge disagreement did not imply evaluability; what gated evaluation was whether every individual judge varied, not ensemble-level disagreement.",
        "A label-free per-judge diagnostic (modal-vote fraction reaching 1.0) predicted exactly which models would be evaluable, before any solve.",
        "Synthetic studies show the failure alarm catches anti-correlated judges but can miss positively-correlated errors, and the tie-break inverts near chance-level judges."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Three system-prompted trader personas as binary judges — Optimist, neutral and pessimist personas each make a bullish/bearish call on the same 64 authored market scenarios, run through six local models via Ollama.",
        "Unsupervised NTQR ErrorIndependentEvaluation on vote counts — Recovers per-persona, per-label accuracy from unlabeled vote patterns only; authored truth is held out and used afterward to score recovery error.",
        "Deliberately unbalanced 40/24 scenario deck — The answer key is set to prevalence 0.625 to avoid the evaluator's removable singularity at prevalence exactly 1/2.",
        "Schema-constrained JSON vote collection — Uses Ollama structured output with a JSON Schema so parsing is a measured interface check before the binary vote matrix is analysed.",
        "Scenario bootstrap and deterministic synthetic-ensemble study — Bootstraps over scenarios for a CI on recovery MAE, and runs synthetic ensembles with known truth to test error scaling, correlated errors and tie-break failure."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_RecoveringLLMPersona/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_RecoveringLLMPersona/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026TriplicateDataDrivenLarge153": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026TriplicateDataDrivenLarge153",
      "abstract": "We present template_newspaper, a pure-Python engine that renders a complete\ntwelve-page, large-format newspaper to a print-ready PDF from structured YAML\ncontent. The exemplar edition is The Triplicate, a homage to the historic\nnewspaper of Crescent City, California (founded 1879). The engine demonstrates\ndesigned multi-column page layout — nameplate and ears, spanning headlines,\nflowing column frames with an optional rail, drop caps, pull quotes, ruled\nmodular boxes, data tables, halftone \"engraving\" figures and running folios —\nwhile keeping a strict separation between content (data) and engine (code):\na new title is a data edit, never a code change. The layout strategy is a hybrid\nin which fixed furniture is drawn directly on the canvas to establish where\nthe column grid begins, after which body copy flows through ReportLab frames\nthat split paragraphs across columns automatically. The project obeys the\nresearch-template monorepo contract and is discovered and executed by the same\norchestration pipeline as its code- and prose-focused siblings.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_newspaper/releases/tag/v1.0.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20533675\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20533675\nPDF SHA-256: 6c693dbd80a4234d30d99f6a890191ff47faf197a0636753fa9785588c550a77",
      "keywords": [
        "newspaper layout",
        "typography",
        "reportlab",
        "reproducible publishing",
        "document engineering"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The engine keeps content and code strictly separate, so producing a new newspaper title is a data edit rather than a code change.",
        "Drawing furniture first and starting column frames below it lets spanning headlines, standing boxes and automatic text flow coexist on one page.",
        "Rendering is deterministic: the same edition manifest always yields a byte-identical paper.",
        "The bold weight in a .ttc font collection sits at a face-specific subfont index; an early render produced italic Didot headlines from assuming the wrong index.",
        "The test suite reports roughly ninety-five percent line coverage."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Pure-Python engine rendering YAML content to a print-ready PDF — template_newspaper reads a masthead manifest and per-page YAML files and renders a twelve-page large-format newspaper to PDF.",
        "Hybrid drawn-furniture / ReportLab-flowed-body layout strategy — Fixed furniture is drawn on the canvas first, then body copy flows through ReportLab frames via Frame.addFromList, splitting paragraphs across columns.",
        "Nine single-responsibility modules with a deterministic four-step pipeline — Editions are produced by Load, Measure, Compose and Emit steps across modules such as geometry, content, typography, figures, layout and engine.",
        "Procedural Pillow halftone scenes and monochrome Matplotlib charts — Photographic elements are procedural grayscale Pillow scenes with a 45-degree halftone screen; data graphics are black-and-gray Matplotlib charts.",
        "pytest end-to-end render tests, mypy type checking, ruff linting — A pytest suite tests the pure logic and renders the edition end-to-end, asserting a valid twelve-page PDF at correct trim with no over-set page."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_Triplicate/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_Triplicate/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026TemplateTextbook154": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026TemplateTextbook154",
      "abstract": "A modular, fillable scaffold for book-length technical works: a data-driven manuscript (parts/chapters/labs/questions), a tested computational backbone, deterministic figures and Mermaid diagrams, and a content scaffold/validation engine.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.1.2 (https://github.com/docxology/template_textbook/releases/tag/v0.1.2)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20533125\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20533125\nPDF SHA-256: 7b67cb2d9118f0a72001395f0a94c529313804d7e5cdf7f6ca2dc9f7ab57d168",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "The book is explicitly a scaffold rather than a finished work: every structural element is present and author-specific passages are marked stubs.",
        "It provides twelve chapter shells across four parts, each with a matching lab and question bank.",
        "Claims building the book reproduces byte-identical figures and numbers, since nothing in the prose is computed by hand.",
        "The worked case study's linear fit gives slope 1.375 and R2 = 0.999, while warning that three averaged points cannot support prediction or extrapolation."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Single config.yaml source of truth for book structure — Parts, chapters, front matter, appendices, labs and question banks are declared in config.yaml, from which TOC, numbering and integrity tests read.",
        "Tested Python backbone (textbook.models) and deterministic figures — Worked equations are implemented as tested Python functions that chapter prose calls, and figures are generated deterministically from code.",
        "Pandoc + pandoc-crossref rendering pipeline — The manuscript is assembled from Markdown in declared order after analysis scripts produce figures, then rendered to PDF via Pandoc with pandoc-crossref.",
        "Stub-marker counting audit and manuscript-integrity tests — A quality audit counts STUB/TODO/TKTK markers and pytest checks the per-chapter content contract, unique labels, citations and glossary anchors.",
        "Two filled worked-reference chapters (logistic growth; dose-response) — First Principles derives the logistic growth law; Case Studies applies a linear dose-response fit to a small dataset of replicate measurements across control, low and high conditions."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_TemplateTextbook/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_TemplateTextbook/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2016LessonsFromColony155": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2016LessonsFromColony155",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2016FullSpeedAheadCity156": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2016FullSpeedAheadCity156",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2021Disinforge157": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021Disinforge157",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2021DefiningEvents2020Hindsight158": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021DefiningEvents2020Hindsight158",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2022ActiveBlockferenceCadCADActive159": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2022ActiveBlockferenceCadCADActive159",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2024FromNeuronalPacketsThoughtseeds160": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024FromNeuronalPacketsThoughtseeds160",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2021KnowledgeManagementArchipelago161": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2021KnowledgeManagementArchipelago161",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2024CommentsSubmittedByBlockScience162": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2024CommentsSubmittedByBlockScience162",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2017OsteopathyVariableVariabilityHealth163": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2017OsteopathyVariableVariabilityHealth163",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2016CellsMechanobiologyOsteopathy164": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2016CellsMechanobiologyOsteopathy164",
      "abstract": "",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {},
      "source": "",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    },
    "Friedman2026ITraceVerificationFirstWebcam165": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ITraceVerificationFirstWebcam165",
      "abstract": "iTrace is an MIT-licensed Python toolkit for webcam-derived gaze, saccade, pupil, and quality diagnostics. Version 0.4.1 is a diagnostic v1 release: the pure NumPy/SciPy core is algorithmically verified against synthetic and closed-loop oracles, the optional webcam shell exports derived records, and the empirical ledger covers a single-participant, single-device, five-session diagnostic pilot. This release does not claim reference-device accuracy, cross-device generality, population generality, or webcam-accuracy validation.",
      "keywords": [
        "eye-tracking",
        "webcam",
        "gaze",
        "saccades",
        "pupillometry",
        "open-source",
        "diagnostic-pilot"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On synthetic traces the I-VT detector recovered a 10 deg saccade's amplitude within 5% and peak velocity within 10%.",
        "On the synthetic 3-D closed loop, gaze was recovered with 0.16 deg RMS residual (max 0.23 deg) for gaze within ±15 deg; the author states this is internal consistency, not device validation.",
        "In the idealised noise sweep, saccade detection was most fragile (F1 < 0.8 at sigma about 0.0014), while gaze crossed the 2 deg bound near sigma 0.005.",
        "The pupil noise robustness is reported only as a conditional illustration because it follows from the assumed pupil noise model.",
        "The headline limitation is an unclosed device validation gap: correctness rests on constructed ground truth, not reference measurements of real eyes."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Hardware-decoupled pure NumPy/SciPy analysis core with optional capture shell — Gaze geometry, I-VT/I-DT, Engbert-Kliegl microsaccade, main-sequence and pupil algorithms run headlessly, separate from an optional webcam/MediaPipe shell.",
        "Verification against synthetic traces with ground truth held out by construction — Every detector is tested on generated signals whose events are known, e.g. a 250 Hz fixation-saccade-fixation trace and an embedded 0.5 deg microsaccade.",
        "3-D eyeball forward model closed loop through a pinhole camera — Known gaze is projected to landmarks and back through the estimator on an animated 120 Hz scene to check geometric internal consistency.",
        "Seeded Monte-Carlo landmark-noise sweep (sigma 0-0.016, 25 trials/level) — Independent landmark noise is injected into the synthetic scene to rank fragility of gaze, saccade and pupil recovery, with bootstrap confidence intervals.",
        "N=1 single-participant, single-device webcam pilot sessions — One local webcam workflow recorded fixed-gaze, reading and target trials as derived records to give order-of-magnitude session diagnostics."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ITrace/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ITrace/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DemoCreateDeclarativeAudioVisual166": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DemoCreateDeclarativeAudioVisual166",
      "abstract": "<p>DemoCreate generates audio-visual demos of software &mdash; codebase tours, website walkthroughs, and terminal/CLI demos &mdash; from a single declarative, deterministic spine. A Demo is an ordered action stream plus narration chunks, merging CodeVideo's event-sourced virtual-IDE model with VSpeak's chunk/trigger model. Every heavy backend (TTS via Kokoro/Chatterbox, transcription via Whisper, capture via mss/Playwright, animation via Manim, assembly via MoviePy/ffmpeg) sits behind an abstract interface with a pure-Python deterministic default, so the package produces a real demo with only light dependencies and upgrades when extras are installed. On-screen actions are anchored to spoken trigger words via TTS&rarr;STT synchronization: narration audio is generated, transcribed back to word-level timestamps, and used to align the action stream with the narration.</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "demo-generation",
        "screencast",
        "text-to-speech",
        "code-walkthrough",
        "video",
        "narration",
        "whisper",
        "manim",
        "playwright",
        "reproducible",
        "deterministic",
        "tts-stt-synchronization",
        "virtual-ide"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Across 51 source modules in 7 subsystems, 625 tests pass (3 skipped) under a ≥90% coverage gate, achieving roughly 95%.",
        "The recorded benchmark reports a 25.8 ms median build and 256.7 ms of render compute per second of output, with complete, monotonic sync timestamps.",
        "DemoCreate produced two content-verified 1080p H.264 videos: a 128.4 s self-explaining package demo and a 188.0 s demo of a 170-page paper.",
        "The author states DemoCreate is narrower than agentic generators and less specialized than asciinema for terminals, but uniquely combines declarative, deterministic, narrated, paper-capable demos.",
        "The steganographic provenance payload survives only in lossless PNG sidecars; H.264 encoding destroys it, so the MP4 carries provenance via container tags and on-screen bars."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Declarative Demo schema of typed Actions and narration Chunks (JSON/YAML) — Represents a demo as a validated value of scenes, narration chunks and typed actions that round-trips losslessly through JSON and YAML; rendering is a pure function of it.",
        "Abstract backend interfaces with pure-Python deterministic defaults — TTS, transcription, capture, assembly and PDF ingestion each sit behind an abstract interface whose 'auto' factory resolves to a light default; heavy backends are guarded.",
        "TTS-to-STT round-trip with fuzzy trigger-word anchoring — Narration is synthesized, transcribed back to word-level timestamps, and each action's trigger_word is fuzzy-matched to get an absolute millisecond timestamp.",
        "Poppler-CLI paper subsystem for research-paper demos — Reads a PDF with poppler utilities to extract title, abstract (skipping the TOC), captions, sections, figures and pages, and composes them into a narrated demo.",
        "Real-filesystem test suite, content verifier and benchmark file — Evaluates the package with a coverage-gated test suite, a verifier that checks rendered video has non-silent, non-black streams, and a reproducible benchmark file."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DemoCreate/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DemoCreate/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ENTOENcryptedTypedOmnitrack167": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ENTOENcryptedTypedOmnitrack167",
      "abstract": "<p><strong>ENTO</strong> (ENcrypted, Typed, Omnitrack) is a flat ZIP container format and reference implementation for bundling heterogeneous research artifacts &mdash; time series, genomics slices, spectrograms, provenance proofs &mdash; into a single verifiable file. Each track is sealed under per-track AES-256-GCM authenticated encryption with format+track associated-data binding and PADM&Eacute; length padding. The default wire format is 0.4.0; formats 0.2.0, 0.3.0, and 0.3.1 remain read/write compatibility profiles. Graded observability levels control how much manifest metadata a recipient sees, and an optional hash-chained proof export provides tamper-evident lineage. Verification deliberately separates key-authenticated integrity from keyless corruption detection.</p><p>This deposit is the 0.4 manuscript release candidate together with the MIT-licensed reference implementation source. Planned code home: https://github.com/docxology/entofile.</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "research data formats",
        "authenticated encryption",
        "AES-256-GCM",
        "reproducible research",
        "multimodal containers"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Tamper detection succeeded on all 2400 benchmark rows (rate 1.0).",
        "Mean pack throughput was 78.9296 MiB/s on the medium-track condition at observability level 3 (n = 150, CV 15.3%); the paper makes no superiority claim.",
        "Ciphertext expansion on fixture tracks was an exact, zero-variance 1.7113.",
        "Length is not hidden exactly: non-sealed levels disclose byte_length in the manifest, and sealed export still reveals the PADMÉ bucket.",
        "Concludes that a flat ZIP container can carry typed multimodal tracks, authenticated encryption, graded observability and proof export without becoming a repository or hosted service."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Flat ZIP layout: manifest.json, one encrypted member per track, optional proof — Defines the container as a ZIP archive with a typed manifest, per-track .ento members and an optional hash-chain proof file.",
        "Per-track AES-256-GCM envelopes with HKDF-derived keys — Each track is sealed with authenticated encryption under a fixed nonce||tag||ciphertext header, specified in a Kaitai Struct file.",
        "Four graded observability levels for export-time manifest redaction — Observability levels 0–3 control which manifest metadata a recipient sees, without re-encrypting the track payloads.",
        "Associated-data binding and PADMÉ length padding in the default profile — The 0.4.0 default binds associated data and pads ciphertext members to PADMÉ buckets to coarsen the length channel.",
        "Scripted benchmark: 150 repetitions over observability levels on fixture tracks — Benchmarks on committed EEG, VCF and spectrogram fixtures plus a synthetic throughput track measure throughput, latency, expansion and tamper detection."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ENTO/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ENTO/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026GeneralizedNotationNotationGNN168": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026GeneralizedNotationNotationGNN168",
      "abstract": "Active Inference offers a unifying account of perception, learning, and action under the free energy principle, yet the generative models at its core are still communicated ad hoc: scattered across prose descriptions, bespoke notebooks, and framework-specific code that rarely agree. This fragmentation makes published models hard to reproduce, compare, or port between tools, and it raises the barrier for newcomers learning the formalism. GeneralizedNotationNotation (GNN) addresses this gap with a standardized, human- and machine-readable text language for specifying Active Inference generative models, paired with a 25-step processing pipeline that transforms a single specification into validation, visualization, simulation, and analysis artifacts. A GNN file denotes a generative model, and the language lets that model take the several shapes the field actually uses: the notation blocks a file declares — categorical A/B/C/D[/E] tensors, linear-Gaussian system matrices F/H/Q/R with a Gaussian prior, per-agent and per-level compositions — fix its model kind, which the pipeline classifies structurally and carries through rendering and execution, recording explicitly which registered backends can render and run a model of each kind and which report it unsupported. GNN's \"Triple Play\" treats each model as three coordinated views — a textual specification, graphical visualizations, and executable cognitive models — so that one source yields consistent outputs across modalities. The framework spans 32 exemplar specifications (27 discrete-state and 5 continuous linear-Gaussian) across 9 model families and 10 registered rendering backends, with explicit gates for cross-format semantic fidelity and cross-framework reliability. GNN 3.0.0 layered safe-by-design long-running orchestration on top of this language and pipeline — durable observation streams, resumable run sessions, and auditable container plans that generate, validate, and replay data only, with no live infrastructure mutation. We describe the language, the model kinds it denotes, the pipeline architecture, and the validation that confirms specifications round-trip faithfully across formats and execute across multiple simulation backends — with coverage gaps recorded as explicit profiled-unsupported statuses rather than silently omitted — establishing GNN as reproducible, interoperable infrastructure for communicating Active Inference models.",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "generative models",
        "cognitive modeling",
        "notation system",
        "reproducibility",
        "computational neuroscience",
        "bayesian inference",
        "standards",
        "gnn",
        "python"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The manuscript presents the Triple Play as text, graphical, and executable views derived from a shared model specification.",
        "At the manuscript snapshot, the framework covers 32 exemplar specifications across nine model families and ten registered rendering backends.",
        "The manuscript reports profiled execution gaps for continuous and hierarchical models, and a deliberate render-only scope for structural models; it does not claim that every model executes on every backend.",
        "The manuscript specifies reproducible validation commands and explicitly avoids asserting a fixed passing-check count.",
        "The manuscript describes long-running orchestration contracts that generate, validate, and replay data without mutating live infrastructure."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Parsing and structured export — Parses plain-text model specifications into an internal representation and structured export formats, retaining declared model vocabulary.",
        "Model-kind type checking and validation — Checks state spaces, observation modalities, control factors, matrix dimensions, and kind-specific shape contracts before code generation.",
        "Kind-aware model rendering — Carries structurally determined model kinds into rendering and execution, recording which backends can handle each kind and which report it unsupported.",
        "Semantic fidelity and cross-framework gates — Provides reproducible commands for testing semantic preservation in round trips and comparing generated model structure across backend implementations."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_GeneralizedNotationNotationGNN/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_GeneralizedNotationNotationGNN/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "Rendered manuscript Abstract in exact Zenodo v3.6.0 archive"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026COGANTDeterministicCodebaseGNN169": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026COGANTDeterministicCodebaseGNN169",
      "abstract": "COGANT (Codebase-to-GNN Translation) deterministically converts software repositories into structured Active Inference artifacts expressed in the Active Inference Institute's Generalized Notation Notation (GNN). It is an evidence compiler: it propagates reviewable program facts through a finite fixpoint rule pipeline and emits graph, matrix, provenance, visualization, and round-trip artifacts with confidence and provenance, rather than a single opaque embedding. A reverse synthesizer reconstructs a runnable Python package from an emitted GNN bundle, closing a forward-reverse-forward evaluation loop. This is the first public release (v0.6.0). Source: https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/COGANT",
      "keywords": [
        "program analysis",
        "Generalized Notation Notation",
        "GNN",
        "intermediate representation",
        "code property graph",
        "active inference",
        "reproducible research",
        "codebase-to-model translation",
        "cognitive ecosystem modeling"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On the v0.6.0 roundtrip ledger, all 25 targets are role-preserved, but only 1 of 25 meets strict structural isomorphism.",
        "The author cautions that fixtures are in-sample, with no held-out split or confidence intervals, so scores upper-bound rather than estimate out-of-sample performance.",
        "The fixpoint ablation shows a single pass suffices on every shipped fixture, with the K=10 cap serving as a safety valve.",
        "Rule-family ablation indicates structural rules drive HIDDEN_STATE while semantic rules drive OBSERVATION/ACTION/POLICY/PREFERENCE roles.",
        "The author states the passing test suite, coverage and type-check gates support reliability and reproducibility but do not by themselves establish semantic adequacy."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Program-graph IR with confidence and provenance on nodes and edges — Repositories are parsed (primarily via Python's standard-library ast) into a program graph IR whose nodes and edges carry confidence and provenance.",
        "Fixpoint translation engine with 22 declarative rules in five families — Rules (structural, semantic, control, behavioural, resilience) map nodes to 7 Active Inference mapping kinds, with priority-and-score conflict resolution.",
        "A/B/C/D matrix derivation and GNN (Generalized Notation Notation) export — Derives likelihood, transition, preference and prior matrices from the compiled state space and program-graph edges, normalized for the upstream GNN validator.",
        "Forward-reverse-forward roundtrip over a 25-target regression corpus — A reverse synthesizer rebuilds a Python package from each GNN bundle; role_preservation_score and strict isomorphism are recorded per target.",
        "Rule-family and fixpoint-iteration ablations on packaged fixtures — Removes each rule family and varies the iteration cap K in {1, 2, 5, 10}, recording changes in SemanticMapping counts on the shipped fixtures."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_COGANT/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_COGANT/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026AGEINTAgenticIntelligence170": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026AGEINTAgenticIntelligence170",
      "abstract": "<p>Synthetic Analytic Tradecraft (AGEINT, or Agentic Intelligence), is a local curriculum-and-assurance atlas for teaching bounded AI-agent support inside intelligence education by making the machinery of Synthetic Analytic Tradecraft visible on the page. It converts SIST Guide TOC and Bibliography into 16 parts, 51 modules, 9 methods appendices, 20 named AGEINT patterns, and 312 parsed source-guide references without renumbering inherited source identities, then asks the reader to inspect the same things an instructor or assurance reviewer would inspect: the part map that frames the domain, the module overview that names the learner task, the source spine that separates official, standards, scholarly, public-domain, practitioner, vendor, and provenance-only support while separating source quality from narrative fluency, the evidence packet that a student would retain, the reviewer challenge that should break a weak claim, and the validators that prevent a polished artifact from masquerading as a verified one. A learner does not enter through a slogan. The learner opens a module, sees which authority and source keys are allowed to carry the claim, reads a textbook primer that distinguishes observation from inference, confidence from probability, and source quality from fluency, works through a synthetic practice studio using classroom records, public declassified examples, owned-lab logs, toy datasets, rendered figures, or tabletop incidents, and then produces a bounded artifact with caveats, assumptions, alternatives, excluded actions, human review, rollback evidence, and refresh triggers written into the record before reuse. The method contract in shows that flow as a claim-to-evidence pathway rather than as an aspirational ethics statement: authority must be named before the task begins, source support must be traceable before a claim is promoted, unsafe action must be replaced by safe substitution, and agentic assistance must remain a drafting, retrieval, comparison, simulation, critique, or audit aid whose output is never treated as self-authenticating . AGEINT remains synthetic in its fixtures, not in its standards: the word synthetic is therefore a control, not a downgrade. AGEINT keeps the fixture safe while keeping the standard difficult: HUMINT, SIGINT, OSINT, GEOINT and IMINT, FININT, counterintelligence, cyber threat intelligence, cognitive security, agent orchestration, active inference, source verification, public-sector governance, privacy review, and industrial-control-system defense can be discussed because the student is not handed live targets, evasion recipes, exploit instructions, manipulation playbooks, covert-action procedures, or unsafe cyber-physical steps. When a source topic could invite misuse, the module turns the risky motif into a provenance card, detection-coverage note, rights-impact worksheet, model or dataset card, source-refresh memo, release gate, risk-exception log, remediation backlog, or debrief protocol, and the exercise fails if it cannot show where authority, data boundary, tool permission, uncertainty, and review enter the workflow. The source layer is intentionally conservative: Perplexity and similar discovery tools may suggest candidates, but the manuscript cites verified official, standards, public-domain, or scholarly anchors encoded in the source corpus and rebuilt into BibTeX; Practitioner, vendor, and blog sources inherited through the source guide, plus social or other guide-inherited rows, can preserve provenance context without becoming foundational support for governance, rights, safety, empirical, statistical, or performance claims unless a stronger verified source bears the specific point. The same source posture is visible in the counts: 10 source-quality anchors cover the governing standards and assurance spine, while 462 curated intelligence research anchors span the domain lanes that route claim-bearing prose to direct evidence rather than decorative citations. A strong AGEINT artifact is therefore not an uninspected essay. It is an evidence packet that names the question, allowed inputs, excluded actions, source keys, claim type, caveats, competing explanations, confidence basis, prompt or run card, tool allowlist, data boundary, stop condition, reviewer challenge, safety boundary, refresh trigger, and human disposition. It also contains negative controls: stale citations that should be caught, weak-source-only claims that should be downgraded, figure positions or colors that should not be mistaken for quantitative evidence, overbroad statistical language that should fail, and operational substitutions that should halt until an instructor or reviewer approves a safer artifact. A reviewer can trace a finished packet in both directions: from a polished sentence back to the claim class, source family, cited anchor, caveat, and source-refresh duty, or from a source row forward to the modules, figures, tables, and exercises that rely on it. A student can see why a governance claim needs law, policy, standard, or official guidance support; why a cyber or industrial-control-system scenario must remain defensive and synthetic; why a social or cognitive-security lesson must become resilience education rather than persuasion practice; why a vendor or practitioner note can motivate a question but cannot by itself carry a public-rights or safety assertion; why a figure caption must say whether arrows are explanatory or quantitative; and why a model-generated draft is only useful after it has been constrained by authority, reviewed by a person, and attached to evidence that another person can contest. The early orientation pages, part maps, chapter landmarks, appendices, bibliography atlas, source-lane map, and generated reports are designed to make that trace visible instead of leaving it to instructor memory. They show the learner what to keep: the source keys behind each claim, the reason a safer substitute was chosen, the assumption that would change the answer, the dissent that should not be smoothed away, the review note that records who accepted residual risk, the rollback path if a source or permission changes, and the refresh trigger that turns a current claim back into a review item. They also show what the curriculum refuses to keep: unverifiable authority theater, live-target instructions, metric-looking diagrams without units or denominators, statistical decorations without empirical design, citation clusters that do not bear the sentence they decorate, and agent outputs whose provenance cannot be reconstructed. The technical build is part of that scholarship. Curriculum shards generate semantic manuscript files; cross-references use label-backed section and figure links, and display equations are typeset from source for reproducible math; citations route through Pandoc keys; figures are registry-backed PNG assets with captions, alt text, long descriptions, provenance, hashes, and visual-semantics metadata; source anchors carry explicit lane and tier fields; claim calibration audits high-risk empirical, statistical, governance, safety, visualization, artifact-readiness, and formalism language; scholarship and source-metadata reports expose review warnings instead of hiding them; PDF audits check stale output, URI targets, file actions, and banned filler language. The analysis-validation matrix in names which claim classes require empirical evidence, direct source-family support, negative controls, figure semantics, or rendered-artifact checks before they can be treated as ready, and that matrix is a boundary on what the manuscript can honestly say. AGEINT is not a benchmark and does not claim to measure AGEINT performance, model capability, analyst replacement, learning outcomes, operational effectiveness, public-sector impact, statistical significance, or safety performance; page counts, citation counts, figure counts, validator passes, and link audits are artifact telemetry, not empirical outcome evidence. Its strongest claim is methodological and inspectable: agentic assistance can be taught inside intelligence education when every reuse path is forced through authority, source support, safe substitution, evidence packet, negative controls, human review, rollback, and refresh triggers, and when the safest failure mode is to stop, document the unresolved condition, and ask for review. The resulting work should be read as a Synthetic Analytic Tradecraft atlas, not as a public-release certificate or a disguised operational manual: the reader can see the source key behind a sentence, the caveat behind a confidence statement, the assumption behind a scenario, the blocked use behind a tempting automation, the challenge behind a polished answer, the caption that limits a visual, the validator that rejects an overclaim, and the refresh duty that keeps current-source prose from becoming stale authority.</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "agentic intelligence",
        "AGEINT",
        "AI agents",
        "intelligence tradecraft",
        "cognitive security",
        "structured analytic techniques",
        "active inference",
        "model context protocol",
        "multi-agent systems",
        "operational governance"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "AGEINT presents itself as a versioned curriculum-and-assurance framework, explicitly not a new agent architecture, cognitive theory, attack benchmark, or measured learning outcome.",
        "Its strongest stated claim is methodological: agentic assistance can be taught in intelligence education when reuse is forced through authority, source support, safe substitution, review, rollback, and refresh triggers.",
        "The source corpus includes 10 source-quality anchors for the standards and assurance spine and 462 curated intelligence research anchors across domain lanes.",
        "The work states that its page, citation, and figure counts and validator passes are artifact telemetry, not empirical outcome evidence.",
        "Exercises are restricted to educational, defensive, synthetic material and give no instructions for unauthorized collection, evasion, exploitation, or manipulation."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Conversion of the SIST Guide TOC and bibliography into a modular curriculum — Restructures an inherited source guide into parts, modules, methods appendices, named patterns, and parsed references while preserving source identities.",
        "Synthetic practice studios using safe fixtures instead of live targets — Exercises use classroom records, declassified examples, owned-lab logs, toy datasets, and tabletop incidents, ending in a bounded evidence-packet artifact.",
        "Source-lane and tier system separating official, standards, scholarly, and vendor sources — Each claim class is matched to a required evidence type; discovery tools may suggest sources but citations must resolve to checked anchors.",
        "Automated claim-calibration audit of generated manuscript language — A verifier scans high-risk empirical, statistical, governance, and safety language and fails unsupported proof-language, p-values, or measured-performance claims.",
        "Generated manuscript from version-controlled Markdown, tested Python, and registry figures — The textbook is built reproducibly from curriculum shards, Pandoc citation keys, and registry-backed figures with captions, alt text, and provenance."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_AGEINT/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_AGEINT/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026PolicyDistillationAsActive171": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026PolicyDistillationAsActive171",
      "abstract": "<p>This paper formulates on-policy distillation as active inference in finite variational models, with exact claims only for declared objects and interpretive claims explicitly bounded outside them. In the construction, the intractable teacher policy plays the role of the generative model $p(o,s)$, the tractable student policy is the approximate posterior $q(s)$, and the per-token reverse-KL distillation loss is variational free energy up to the evidence constant, $F = D_{\\mathrm{KL}}(q\\,\\|\\,p(s\\mid o)) - \\log p(o)$, whose KL target is the teacher-induced posterior $p(s\\mid o)\\propto p(o,s)$ . The title's \"as\" is therefore a scoped mathematical correspondence rather than the slogan OPD = Active Inference. Variational free energy names the realized-rollout distillation loss; expected free energy remains the planning-side objective by which the pymdp agent selects actions . On-policy student rollouts generate the observations on which the posterior is scored, connecting the construction to induced-distribution mismatch in imitation learning and exposure-bias analyses while preserving their different objectives, empirical regimes, and contested severity . Privileged traces and feedback play the role that train-time-only information plays in the LUPI/distillation lineage . Four deterministic witnesses instantiate the correspondence. A Bernoulli-Ising oracle couples a teacher's privileged variable to the answer through $\\lambda$, making $I(\\lambda)$ the teacher-student mutual information and the finite free-energy gap the toy distillation objective; the closed-form and independently recomputed mutual-information sweeps agree to machine precision (RMSE 2.1e-16 nats). A pymdp T-maze rollout supplies the on-policy student that samples its own observations under a privileged cue . A two-agent classroom pits a privileged teacher (cue validity 0.98) against an on-policy student (cue validity 0.5), measuring teacher belief entropy 0.247 nats versus student 0.347 nats and a mean reverse-KL distillation signal of 6.28 nats. A four-state/two-action sequential-shift witness shows teacher-forced train loss 0.333 nats underestimating student-induced test loss 0.409 nats, with deterministic on-policy correction reducing it to 0.096 nats. These are toy, generated findings, not production-LLM measurements. Recent privileged-context, context-distillation, adaptive-teacher, freshness-aware OPD, RLHF/instruction-tuning, self-generated reasoning, Qwen OPD-vs-RL, and Thinking Machines replication reports remain external context rather than reproduced results . The supplemental sheaf/provenance layer keeps that boundary operational: every reported number is hydrated from a generated artifact, every figure is source-bound, and 16 / 16 invariant checks pass before rendering. --- Associated artifacts GitHub release: v1.0.2 (https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/on_policy_distillation/releases/tag/v1.0.2) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20749817 Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20749817 PDF SHA-256: c6b5ec494915e6e046f24cf723f8dbbf93a5b168544daed3cca14c089d4087aa</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "on-policy distillation",
        "active inference",
        "self-distillation",
        "privileged information",
        "free energy principle",
        "reverse KL divergence",
        "pymdp",
        "sophisticated inference"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The closed-form and independently recomputed mutual-information sweeps agree to machine precision (RMSE 2.1e-16 nats).",
        "In the classroom toy, teacher belief entropy was 0.247 nats versus 0.347 nats for the student, with a mean reverse-KL distillation signal of 6.28 nats.",
        "In a four-state/two-action witness, teacher-forced train loss (0.333 nats) underestimated student-induced test loss (0.409 nats); on-policy correction reduced it to 0.096 nats.",
        "All reported numbers are hydrated from generated artifacts, and 16 of 16 invariant checks pass before rendering.",
        "The author states these are toy, generated findings rather than production-LLM measurements; external OPD results are context, not reproduced."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Formal mapping of OPD roles onto active-inference variational objects — Teacher policy is read as the generative model, student policy as the approximate posterior, and per-token reverse-KL loss as variational free energy.",
        "Bernoulli-Ising oracle with closed-form and recomputed mutual-information sweeps — A binary toy couples a teacher's privileged variable to the answer through a coupling parameter; MI and the free-energy gap are computed analytically.",
        "pymdp T-maze rollout with sophisticated-inference planning — A pymdp agent samples its own observations under a privileged cue, serving as the on-policy student process witness.",
        "Two-agent classroom: privileged teacher vs on-policy student — A teacher with cue validity 0.98 and a student with cue validity 0.5 are compared on belief entropy and reverse-KL distillation signal.",
        "Lean theorem inventory and fail-closed manuscript validation gates — Lean theorem statements are extracted and checked against an inventory, with gates failing on sorry, axiom or native_decide."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_PolicyDistillationAs/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_PolicyDistillationAs/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026TemplateMadlibDeterministicToken172": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026TemplateMadlibDeterministicToken172",
      "abstract": "This exemplar asks whether a reviewable pipeline can hydrate a complete IMRAD manuscript from configuration-owned lexical data while preserving an audit trail that remains readable before and after rendering. The project deliberately keeps playful Mad Lib mechanics inside a serious reproducibility contract: the manuscript shell names large placeholders, the config declares allowable language, and the source code decides what text is emitted.\n\nThe committed seed is 431 and the current schema expands 22 slot rule(s) into 40 token choice(s) across 10 lexicon categories. The configured narrative moves are state the manuscript-generation problem, name the deterministic intervention, and summarize the audit surface. The central hypothesis is: Deterministic lexical injection can generate a complete conditional IMRAD manuscript while preserving token provenance, section intent, and audit-ready method evidence.\n\nThe result is not a claim that lexical substitution creates scholarship. It is a worked template for conditional manuscript assembly: section enablement, token provenance, figure registration, and unresolved-placeholder checks all become inspectable artifacts before the shared renderer produces PDF, HTML, and slides.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.1.1 (https://github.com/docxology/template_madlib/releases/tag/v0.1.1)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20786638\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20786638\nPDF SHA-256: d9248f4f372fc3baf21cbf5cc5cdb7daffe0e22e62ac6fa2e3a697a26f3308b6",
      "keywords": [
        "madlib generation",
        "token injection",
        "conditional manuscripts",
        "reproducible research",
        "IMRAD"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "With seed 431, the schema expands 22 slot rules into 40 token choices across 10 lexicon categories.",
        "The generated plan enabled all 11 manuscript sections and filled 40 token choices, each traced to its variable, category, section and config pointer.",
        "Re-running generation with seed 431 and the same lexicon produces the same token plan.",
        "The author frames the main result as traceability surviving a complete render path, not any particular word choice.",
        "The paper explicitly does not claim lexical replacement creates scholarship; it shows a conditional text generator can be made accountable to config, tests and validation."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Seeded SHA-256 digest selection of lexicon tokens per slot — Each slot hashes the seed, slot name, category, ordinal and full category list; the digest indexes the configured lexicon category.",
        "YAML config-owned lexicon, slots, and section conditions — Lexicon categories, slots, section switches, method rows and claims are declared in YAML; source code turns them into manuscript bodies.",
        "Staged pipeline from config validation to hydrated Markdown — Validates the madlib block, builds a TokenPlan and section bodies, writes artifact JSON and a figure registry, then hydrates Markdown.",
        "Explicit vs. loader-default config field-origin inventory — Classifies configuration paths as explicitly set in YAML or inherited from loader defaults and reports them as method evidence.",
        "Project tests and shared output validator — Tests check determinism, seed and category sensitivity, malformed configs, section disablement and unresolved tokens; a validator checks rendered outputs."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_TemplateMadlib/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_TemplateMadlib/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CaliforniaPublicRecordsTechnical173": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CaliforniaPublicRecordsTechnical173",
      "abstract": "A technical and legal reference to California public-records ecosystem, anchored by the CPRA recodified by AB 473.",
      "keywords": [
        "California Public Records Act",
        "open data",
        "CKAN",
        "Socrata",
        "ArcGIS",
        "cognitive security",
        "civic technology"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The reference compiles California's public-records ecosystem into a machine-readable artifact: 22 CPRA statute sections, 17 portals, 7 exemption clusters and an 8-dataset OpenJustice taxonomy.",
        "It notes that the AB 473 recodification made no substantive changes to disclosure rights but split the exemption list into independent code sections for readability.",
        "Top-line verdict is 'CERTIFY-WITH-RESIDUALS': four CPRA sections from the upstream research document were misattributed or unverifiable and deliberately omitted.",
        "A scaffolded citation-laundering example was rejected: § 7928.200 does not govern peace-officer records, so that mandate is pinned to Penal Code § 832.7.",
        "The package's generator methods are pure functions of the registries, so re-running them yields byte-identical output apart from a single provenance timestamp."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Registry-first compilation of CPRA statutes, portals, exemptions and datasets — Held every cited section number, portal URL, schema field and dataset in Python registries under src/, with prose counts resolved from them at build time.",
        "Standard-library Python clients for California API surfaces — Wrote working clients for CKAN Action API, Socrata SoQL, ArcGIS GeoServices REST, CIMIS REST, OpenJustice CSV and LegiScan endpoints.",
        "Metadata-schema validators (DCAT, CKAN, Dublin Core, RIPA stop data) — Implemented schema validators that accept a mapping and return a report of missing fields and warnings.",
        "Offline no-mocks test suite with optional live endpoint checks — Validated registries, clients and schemas against a real local HTTP server, plus optional live checks against California open-data endpoints.",
        "Cross-vendor citation verification (leginfo, Justia, FindLaw) — Source-verified statute citations against leginfo and re-confirmed selected ones via Justia and FindLaw, removing those that could not be verified."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/2026_CaliforniaPublicRecords/README.md",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_CaliforniaPublicRecords/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_CaliforniaPublicRecords/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/2026_CaliforniaPublicRecords/README.md",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CogSecSkillsMultiharnessAgenticSkills174": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CogSecSkillsMultiharnessAgenticSkills174",
      "abstract": "CogSecSkills is a defensive, harness-neutral agent-interface library that turns the human doctrine of cognitive security and analytic tradecraft into dependable, inspectable, agent-usable skills, distributed as an open repository from github.com/docxology/CogSecSkills; the motivation is an information environment in which mis-, dis-, and malinformation are analytically distinct but operationally entangled, false content can diffuse rapidly at platform scale, and credible source evaluation increasingly demands explicit expert practice rather than page-bound reading alone, so that agents asked to weigh competing hypotheses, trace provenance, or critically review a claim need a repeatable procedure and a stable tool-use contract rather than improvisation. The live generated catalogue reports one hundred implemented skills across seven taxonomy groups — Structured Analytic Techniques, Cognitive Security, Critical Review and Assurance, OSINT and Source Integrity, Counterintelligence and Deception Detection, Information Environment and Influence Analysis, and Research and Synthesis Methods — and the library is organized as a Plan, Build, and Teach system in which a registry declares the catalogue, a definitions layer owns the substance and quality controls of each skill, a skills tree exposes the harness-facing build, and a vendored educational upstream named AGEINT explains why each technique exists and how to use it responsibly. The central design choice is to make the reusable skill contract smaller than any one agent interface yet stricter than a prompt collection: each skill is owned by a single canonical definition that declares triggers, inputs, outputs, per-skill reference metadata, group-aware quality controls, and a closed vocabulary of neutral tool verbs before any harness-specific adapter is considered, and that definition is rendered deterministically into a harness-neutral specification, a human-readable skill description, an executable workflow, and one adapter per configured harness whose default members are Claude, Codex, and Hermes, so that portability becomes a property the test suite proves rather than a hope, and installation is concrete rather than interpretive — clone the public repository, install or run the Python package, run validation, point the agent harness at a chosen skill, execute its workflow, and bind runtime tools through the named harness adapter, regenerating adapters from a configuration file for any non-default harness. The quality discipline is the core of the contribution: an automated audit checks that every skill's defensive boundaries, misuse redirects, evidence requirements, confidence rubrics, privacy and legal constraints, uncertainty handling, failure modes, and negative controls are not merely present but specific to that skill and not reused across the corpus, while an evidence ladder adds curated safe-use and unsafe-redirect scenarios with expected defensive response-shape contracts, reviewed expected answers, and one source-owned worked example per skill, and a generated quality dashboard, supplemental catalogue, metadata matrix, data exports, and a family of deterministic figures — taxonomy counts, the hundred-skill atlas, tool-verb coverage, AGEINT topic crosswalks, the Plan-Build-Teach flow, reference density, harness coverage, and a cover-page installation route — are all produced directly from the live registry and skill specifications so that every visual stays synchronized with the source tree. The evidence boundary is deliberately and explicitly repository-local and reproducible within the checked-out project state, following reproducible-computing, open-data stewardship, and software-citation norms for explicit workflows, version specificity, and citable artifacts; every claim is backed by source files, canonical definitions, generated supplements and figures, the generated dashboard, and project-local verification commands together with a focused test suite and a manuscript renderer, and the work positions CogSecSkills as a validated interface between reasoning, tool use, and defensive output discipline rather than as a claim that any particular model runtime behaves correctly in the field, so its figures, supplements, scenarios, worked examples, and dashboard should be read as synchronized views of the current library state and never as independent measurements of operational performance.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/CogSecSkills/releases/tag/v1.0.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20804585\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20804585\nPDF SHA-256: 1a99a2e474b07d21593094b7a3b4fd923197904056189a53b206126506b1040d",
      "keywords": [
        "cognitive security",
        "agent skills",
        "analytic tradecraft",
        "structured analytic techniques",
        "multiharness"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The generated catalogue reports one hundred implemented skills across seven taxonomy groups, from Structured Analytic Techniques to Research and Synthesis Methods.",
        "The author describes a local quality gate, explicitly 'not a safety proof', that can show all 100 skills include group-aware defensive boundaries and skill-specific governance entries in the current repository state.",
        "The worked-example gate verifies exact 100-skill coverage; the examples are expected-answer shapes, not live model transcripts.",
        "The author states the evidence is local conformance only and does not establish operational effectiveness, adversary coverage, user outcomes, or superiority over other libraries.",
        "The deterministic gates do not show that a live runtime will select the same skill, use tools correctly, or answer well in the field."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Plan/Build/Teach architecture: registry, definitions, skills tree, AGEINT — Separates a catalogue registry, canonical per-skill definitions, a harness-facing skills tree, and the AGEINT educational upstream.",
        "Harness-neutral skill contract over a closed set of eight tool verbs — Each skill may use only neutral verbs (read, search, write, exec, reason, web, delegate, ask), bound per harness through adapters.",
        "Deterministic rendering into Claude, Codex, and Hermes adapters — Renders each canonical definition into a spec, skill description, workflow, and one adapter per configured harness.",
        "Automated anti-boilerplate per-skill quality audit — Requires a skill-specific quality bundle and rejects generic or reused negative controls, rubrics, evidence and privacy entries.",
        "Evidence ladder: 28 scenario fixtures and per-skill worked examples — Checks curated safe and unsafe scenarios against the local router and verifies one reviewed worked example per skill."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_CogSecSkills/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_CogSecSkills/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026RealizingEmptinessOperationalSurrogates175": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026RealizingEmptinessOperationalSurrogates175",
      "abstract": "<div>This project operationalizes the 2026 preprint \"There is no self-evidence: A physics of emptiness realisation\" as a source-anchored software artifact. Its central claim is that a finite agent can use a boundary for prediction while never obtaining evidence that the boundary is ontologically real, and the software separates three local artifact roles: formal sanity checks for source equations, positive-control-style finite mechanism checks, and discriminating tests that reject stronger readings when a control is perturbed. The formal layer maps the paper's quantum free-energy principle (qFEP) and quantum reference frame (QRF) equations into finite operational surrogates, bridging each paper equation to a specific software artifact. The computed artifacts are a suite of finite quantum-information and contextuality audits &mdash; spanning two-qubit separability and entanglement entropy, Bell and contextuality witnesses, thermodynamic and open-system dynamics, seeded quantum-trajectory sampling checked against exact solutions, and frame-covariance checks for the quantum reference frame relabelings &mdash; with explicit positive controls, negative controls, or boundary checks recorded where the corresponding artifact contract requires them. The software represents QRF deployments as policies over boundary-channel sectorisations, using the same finite bitstream under self/environment/contextual relabelings so that QRF labels can organize prediction, action selection, and transformation covariance while failing to become evidence for an ontological self/world boundary. Bayesian model reduction is implemented as a sweep over prior precision and metacognitive access, extended with a sensitivity grid over observation noise. The separation prior is pruned only when removing it lowers the model's free energy, and kept when its remaining contribution to accuracy still offsets its complexity cost. The active-inference layer uses the inferactively-pymdp library (Heins et al. 2022) with profile-specific likelihood, transition, preference, and prior arrays for the separation-constrained, opacified, and post-dual quantum reference frame deployments, then records posterior beliefs, policy posteriors, selected actions, expected-free-energy summaries, seeded stochastic ensembles with null controls and replay seeds, and confidence intervals, without treating those simulations as empirical subject data. Practice protocols, compassion-policy scope, criticality-style indicators, quantum-boundary dynamics, empirical adapters, and artifact-release readiness are therefore written as bounded model interfaces, simulated indicators, local private release-readiness records, or blocked evidence classes. A physical realization of the quantum free-energy principle, public independent reproduction, and any human practice efficacy, neural measurement, or clinical outcome remain blocked future evidence classes.&nbsp;</div>\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\n<div>All manuscript and code source materials are available at <a href=\"https://github.com/docxology/realizing_emptiness\">https://github.com/docxology/realizing_emptiness</a></div>",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "Bayesian model reduction",
        "quantum reference frames",
        "emptiness",
        "formal methods",
        "pymdp"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Within the finite ledger, the same bitstream supports different QRF partitions, so the partition organizes the model without being evidence for its ontology.",
        "All admissible deployments preserve normalized boundary probability mass, while the perturbation control fails.",
        "In the surrogate model, the separation prior is useful only through agency.",
        "In the finite surrogate, Bayesian model reduction tracks the separation prior's net value and prunes it at high metacognitive access, at the weakest credible precision.",
        "The author explicitly does not claim that the software proves emptiness, removes a self, or realizes a physical quantum free-energy principle."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Six-channel boundary screen read under three QRF sector relabelings — One b0–b5 bitstream is partitioned into separation-constrained, opacified and post-dual sector labelings to model QRF deployments.",
        "Equation registry mapping source qFEP/QRF equations to software artifacts — Equations from Sandved-Smith et al. (2026) are mapped into a fourteen-row registry and instantiated as finite QRF and BMR surrogates.",
        "Bayesian model reduction sweep over prior precision and metacognitive access — BMR is swept over separation-prior precision and metacognitive access, with an added sensitivity grid over observation noise.",
        "pymdp active-inference simulations with profile-specific A, B, C, D arrays — Uses inferactively-pymdp to run each QRF profile as an explicit generative model, recording posteriors, policies and seeded ensembles with null controls.",
        "Finite quantum-information and contextuality audits with controls — Runs finite checks such as two-qubit separability, Bell and contextuality witnesses, open-system dynamics and seeded trajectories checked against exact solutions."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_RealizingEmptiness/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_RealizingEmptiness/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026LivingMetaAnalysisModafinil176": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026LivingMetaAnalysisModafinil176",
      "abstract": "Manual synthesis cannot keep pace with a fast-growing research literature, and ad-hoc\nreviews bind no evidence to a reproducible pipeline. We present a configurable,\nreproducible meta-analysis framework that takes a single search term and produces a\ncomplete quantitative portrait of its literature. For this instance the term is\nModafinil. The pipeline dispatches across 7 literature\nengines (arXiv, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar, Crossref, PubMed, SovietRxiv, and ChinaRxiv), each degrading gracefully to a skipped source when an API\nkey or the network is unavailable, then merges and de-duplicates records by a canonical\nidentifier hierarchy (DOI $&gt;$ arXiv ID $&gt;$ Semantic Scholar ID $&gt;$ OpenAlex ID $&gt;$ title\ndigest) into a corpus of $N = 2302$ records spanning 2000--2026\n(26 years). Records are classified into a configurable 6-bucket\nsubfield taxonomy (Clinical Sleep, Cognition, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Safety, and Neuroscience); the largest subfield is Clinical Sleep\n(64.3\\% of the classified corpus). The corpus grows at a compound annual\nrate of 3.45\\% (mean year-over-year growth 6.3\\%, doubling time\n11.3 years), peaking in 2025 with 112 records.\n\nNon-negative matrix factorization extracts 5 latent topics over a\n500-feature vocabulary, offline deterministic embeddings place every\ntitle, abstract, and (when available) full text in a shared vector space, and\ncitation-network analysis exposes the corpus's internal structure (8,772\nintra-corpus edges across 2204 nodes, 1377 communities,\ngraph density 0.18\\%). Of 38,802 total outgoing\nreferences, 22.6\\% resolve to another record inside the corpus.\nAbstract coverage stands at 55.5\\%, open-access status is known for\n14.4\\% of records, and 40.9\\% have a direct PDF link. An optional,\nLLM-gated knowledge-graph stage scores the 6 hypotheses explored against\nthe evidence. This run produced 18 publication-quality figures.\n\nEvery domain-specific value in this manuscript — the search term, keyword set, engine\nroster, subfield taxonomy, and hypotheses — is injected from a single configuration file\nand the pipeline's own outputs; re-targeting the configuration re-targets the entire\npaper. The result is a reusable architecture for living literature reviews:\ncontinuously re-runnable, evidence-bound syntheses for any topic.\n\nKeywords: modafinil, meta-analysis, literature retrieval, bibliometrics, record de-duplication, full-text mining, document embeddings, citation network, topic modeling, entity extraction, wakefulness, cognitive enhancement, reproducible research\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.1.0 (https://github.com/docxology/template_literature_meta_analysis/releases/tag/v0.1.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20931964\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20931964\nPDF SHA-256: 412d4fcf4b0c2e14fb950f9080f107d81fd9a90dfdf216b9161a13833eff62ff",
      "keywords": [
        "modafinil",
        "meta-analysis",
        "literature retrieval",
        "bibliometrics",
        "record de-duplication",
        "full-text mining",
        "document embeddings",
        "citation network",
        "topic modeling",
        "entity extraction",
        "wakefulness",
        "cognitive enhancement",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The live run retrieved and de-duplicated a corpus of 2302 modafinil records spanning 2000-2026.",
        "In the retrieved corpus (2000–2026), modafinil publications grow at a CAGR of 3.45%, doubling every 11.3 years, with a peak of 112 publications in 2025.",
        "Clinical Sleep is the largest subfield, at 64.3% of the classified corpus.",
        "The citation network has 2204 nodes, 8,772 edges and 1377 communities, with 22.6% of outgoing references resolving inside the retrieved corpus.",
        "The author notes the corpus is a bounded sample: a 1,000-per-engine cap applied and Semantic Scholar was rate-limited, returning zero records."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Multi-engine literature retrieval across 7 engines with graceful degradation — Dispatches the 'modafinil' query to arXiv, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar, Crossref, PubMed, SovietRxiv and ChinaRxiv; unavailable engines report skipped without aborting.",
        "Canonical-identifier de-duplication and keyword relevance filtering — Merges records by DOI > arXiv ID > Semantic Scholar ID > OpenAlex ID > title digest, keeping the most complete version, then filters by relevance keywords and start year 2000.",
        "Keyword-based 6-bucket subfield classification and growth metrics — Classifies records into Clinical Sleep, Cognition, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Safety and Neuroscience and computes year counts, CAGR and doubling time.",
        "TF-IDF (500 features) + NMF topic model and TF-IDF/SVD embeddings — Builds a 500-feature TF-IDF representation of titles/abstracts, extracts 5 NMF topics, and embeds texts with offline deterministic TF-IDF/SVD.",
        "Intra-corpus citation network and config-driven token-injected manuscript — Builds a citation graph with community detection; all manuscript numbers are injected from a single config file and pipeline outputs with fixed seeds."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_LivingMetaAnalysis/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_LivingMetaAnalysis/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026RefinementGoldMetallurgicalAnalogy177": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026RefinementGoldMetallurgicalAnalogy177",
      "abstract": "This paper presents a metallurgical analogy for scientific manuscript composition, mapping gold-refining stages onto the template infrastructure pipeline. The refinery processes manuscript ore through 5 stages — from raw draft (9K, ~37.5% purity) through smelting, assaying, and cupellation — to nine-nines certification (99.9999999%), the ultra-high-purity standard of electronics-grade gold.\n\nThe analogy is load-bearing, not merely rhetorical: each metallurgical stage corresponds to a real template-infrastructure operation. Smelting removes dross (filler, unsupported claims); assaying tests claims against evidence; cupellation resolves cross-references; certification validates the full pipeline. The mega-madlib token engine selects 8 domain tokens deterministically via seeded SHA-256 digest over category inventories, ensuring every prose element is traceable and reproducible.\n\nResults: The refinery achieves final purity of 99.9999999% (nine-nines) (24K (nine-nines certified)) with a total purity gain of 90.00% across all stages. Nine-nines certification: Yes. The purity progression is shown in , and the karat grading scale in .\n\nKeywords: gold refining, manuscript composition, mega-madlib, token injection, scientific purity, assaying, karat grading\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.1.0 (https://github.com/docxology/template_gold_refinement/releases/tag/v0.1.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20931955\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20931955\nPDF SHA-256: 3643178951b267632e607606b6daaba21ea75d8f7590899948b5999d1854198b",
      "keywords": [
        "gold refining",
        "manuscript composition",
        "mega-madlib",
        "token injection",
        "scientific purity",
        "assaying",
        "karat grading"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper argues the analogy is load-bearing rather than only rhetorical, since each metallurgical stage corresponds to a real template-infrastructure operation.",
        "The exemplar pipeline reports a monotone purity sequence over 5 stages ending at the nine-nines certification stage.",
        "The token engine generated 8 tokens from seed 431 across 4 lexicon categories, each traceable in a provenance table.",
        "The paper explicitly does not claim empirical validation of manuscript quality metrics or generalizability of its purity fractions."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Five-stage gold-refining analogy mapped to manuscript operations — Maps ore, smelting, assaying, cupellation, and certification onto manuscript template-infrastructure operations such as claim removal, evidence checks, and cross-reference resolution.",
        "Seeded SHA-256 mega-madlib token selection from a config-owned lexicon — Selects domain vocabulary tokens deterministically from lexicon categories declared in config.yaml so every prose token is traceable to its config key.",
        "Monotone-purity constraint enforced in code and tests — Stage purity values must strictly increase, enforced by assert_monotone_increase in src/refinery.py and covered by the test suite.",
        "Karat grading of stage purities via karat_for_purity() — Maps each stage's purity fraction to a standard gold fineness grade (9K to 24K and nine-nines) in src/purity.py.",
        "Deterministic seeded regeneration of all outputs — The pipeline regenerates figures, data, and reports from the same config and source code; the reported run used seed 431."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_RefinementGold/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_RefinementGold/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026AlphaCOGANTRecursiveCorporateSelf178": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026AlphaCOGANTRecursiveCorporateSelf178",
      "abstract": "The AlphaFund whitepaper reframes recursive self-improvement (RSI) as a portfolio\noptimization problem:  a corporation recursively improves when realized economic\ngains finance the next cycle of better prediction and deployment, and the firm's\nstanding is summarized by t-RSI, a standardized gap between alpha-creation and\nalpha-decay rates. AlphaCOGANT observes that this construction is, term for\nterm, an Active Inference agent  — and makes the correspondence executable.\n\nWe render AlphaFund's Economic World Model (EWM) as a generative model written\nin Generalized Notation Notation (GNN), produced by the COGANT\ncodebase-to-GNN translation pattern. The firm's five capital channels —\nInvestments, Sensors, Actuators, Parameters, and R&amp;D — become the hidden-state\nfactors of a partially-observed model; capital allocation becomes the control\nvector; and the portfolio optimizer's marginal-return objective becomes\nExpected Free Energy (EFE) minimization. The EFE decomposition supplies a\nprincipled reading of AlphaFund's own categories: its pragmatic value is\nexpected log-equity growth (the alpha-creation rate, read off the broker ledger),\nand its epistemic value is the information gain about the EWM that Sensors and\nR&amp;D purchase (the data-scaling and forecast-sharpening laws). t-RSI is recovered\nas the standardized distance between the create-rate and decay-rate posteriors —\nthe thresholded EFE-improvement certificate that admits a self-improvement commit\nonly when creation confidently exceeds decay.\n\nWe give the technical and computational realization: a GNN model file for the\nfive-channel firm, a tested NumPy Active Inference engine that performs state\ninference, computes the epistemic/pragmatic EFE split and the marginal-return\nvector, and evaluates the t-RSI certificate. We argue that GNN-via-COGANT brings\ntwo things AlphaFund's program needs and Active Inference already enforces:\nfiltration integrity (the model may condition only on information available\nat decision time — the same \"no-peeking\" discipline that separates an EWM from a\nlanguage model) and auditable capital allocation (every admissible funding\nmove has a negative-EFE score under a single, legible objective). This is not\nfinancial advice; it is a demonstration that this reduced\nrecursive-corporate-self-improvement model has a direct Active Inference\nrepresentation supported by source-owning methods and artifact checks .\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.1 (https://github.com/docxology/alphacogant/releases/tag/v1.0.1)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20976824\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/20976824\nPDF SHA-256: 41efa7a8a98e6a67cece68377b8f0c5f19304e85c664ec9516353ee24eb0421f",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "expected free energy",
        "recursive self-improvement",
        "Generalized Notation Notation",
        "economic world model",
        "portfolio optimization",
        "epistemic value",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The paper argues AlphaFund's recursive-self-improvement-as-portfolio-optimization has an Active Inference representation that is expressible in GNN and producible by the COGANT pattern.",
        "t-RSI is recovered as the standardized distance between create-rate and decay-rate posteriors, i.e. a thresholded EFE-improvement certificate gating self-improvement commits.",
        "At point-estimate level the comparator discriminates: create exceeds decay (admit) at the self-improving point and falls below it (reject) at the coasting point.",
        "Caveat: with bootstrapped uncertainty the reduced two-level model's headline t-RSI is negative (-13.2552) at the self-improving point, so it does not robustly certify net improvement.",
        "The authors state AlphaCOGANT is a modeling and integrity instrument, not a trading system or financial advice, and does not reproduce AlphaFund's proprietary surfaces or track record."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Construct-by-construct AlphaFund-to-Active Inference dictionary — Mapped each AlphaFund whitepaper construct (corporation tuple, EWM, filtration, action vector, t-RSI, etc.) to an Active Inference object.",
        "GNN model file of the five-channel firm produced via the COGANT pattern — Wrote AlphaFund's Economic World Model as a Generalized Notation Notation file with channel factors, A/B matrices, log-preferences and an EFE objective, using COGANT's codebase-to-GNN step.",
        "Deterministic tested NumPy Active Inference engine (src/alphacogant/) — Implemented state inference over channels, the epistemic/pragmatic EFE split, the marginal-return vector, and t-RSI certificate evaluation.",
        "Engine-gated manuscript numbers and figure-provenance registry — Generated every cited numeric from one function and cross-checked it by test, and registered each figure with its producer script and hashed manifest.",
        "Bootstrap of create/decay posteriors with Dirichlet concentration sensitivity — Bootstrapped belief uncertainty to compute standardized t-RSI and reported its sensitivity to the Dirichlet concentration parameter alpha."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_AlphaCOGANT/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_AlphaCOGANT/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026MappingWilliamBlakeS179": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026MappingWilliamBlakeS179",
      "abstract": "A reproducible, rights-bounded digital-humanities workflow that builds and audits a target-ledgered William Blake corpus (texts, images, metadata, analysis, visual summaries) and separates open-source code and project-authored aggregate analytics from provider-supplied source materials. This record contains the working-paper PDF (rights-safe: Blake Archive image mosaics omitted) and the open-source software release bundle. The MIT license covers project code and project-authored outputs only; provider-supplied Blake Archive TEI, transcriptions, images, and fallback source texts are excluded and remain under their source-provider terms.",
      "keywords": [
        "William Blake",
        "digital humanities",
        "corpus acquisition",
        "source provenance",
        "rights-bounded release"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The saved run represents 102 of 104 ledger targets (98.1%) but fully meets the required text/image evidence profile for only 90 (86.5%); 12 are partial and 2 missing.",
        "The text-bearing subset contains 156 works and 216878 words, and joint text-image diagnostics are available for 33 works.",
        "The ontology module produced a work-theme graph of 356 nodes and 297 edges, including 16 theme nodes.",
        "The local analysis ledger reports all 340 works analyzed with 0 recorded analysis errors.",
        "The author frames the contribution as an auditable corpus-governance method, not a completed or exhaustive analysis of Blake's works."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "7-phase DAG pipeline (blake) from discovery to reports — The corpus is built by a directed pipeline of discovery, acquisition, metadata, analysis, visualizations, export, and reports, whose JSON artifacts also populate the manuscript.",
        "Versioned canonical target ledger of 104 work-level Blake targets — A ledger derived from Blake bibliographies, editions, Archive identifiers, and visual catalogues serves as the denominator for coverage claims.",
        "Tiered source registry with the William Blake Archive as primary authority — The registry holds the Blake Archive, Project Gutenberg, and Internet Archive, with the Archive given priority when sources disagree and others used as fallback or corroboration.",
        "Descriptive text metrics: tokenization, type-token ratio, lexical sentiment — Each text-bearing work is tokenized to compute word counts, sentiment, vocabulary richness, and themes, treated as descriptors rather than literary judgments.",
        "TF-IDF vectors with deterministic PCA/LSA projection over 162 works — A 120-term TF-IDF vocabulary is built across text-bearing works and projected onto PCA/LSA axes as a reading instrument over local evidence."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_MappingWilliamBlake/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_MappingWilliamBlake/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026SortitionUpstreamNTQR180": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026SortitionUpstreamNTQR180",
      "abstract": "How should you choose the judges, jurors, or reviewers who form a panel — and does\nthat upstream choice change how well you can evaluate them without an answer key?\nA panel can be selected many ways — by competence, by a representative lottery\n(sortition), by ideological bloc, or at random — and, separately, its noisy\njudgments can be evaluated blind: given the agreement/disagreement pattern among\nthree binary judges, the ntqr package's error-independent (EIE) evaluator returns\nlogically consistent estimates of item prevalence and per-judge accuracy with no\nlabels at all. But that evaluator takes the panel as given. We join the two\nquestions and ask whether the rule that forms the panel changes the\noracle-referenced error of the no-answer-key evaluation — how far the blind estimate\nlands from the answer-key result, lower being better.\n\nOn a fully deterministic instrument (96 seeds, 96 experts,\n300 items), the dominant lever is which rule forms the panel, not its size:\ncompetence-first selection recovers best (0.037), while\nrepresentative, single-bloc, and random selection collapse together — by\nconstruction, because with independent judge errors composition cannot move an\nestimator that only sees agreement. Supplying the missing channel — same-group judges\nsharing a latent, marginal-accuracy-preserving error confound — makes the strategies\nfan out monotonically as within-bloc coupling rises: representative sortition stays\nflat while single-bloc selection degrades, the gap widening from 0.000 to\n0.112. Within this instrument the relationship is closed-form: recovery\nerror tracks the panel's Herfindahl concentration index over the axis a shared\nerror rides on — minimized exactly by a balanced (representative) draw, maximized by a\nsingle bloc — and a continuous representativeness dial confirms error rises\nmonotonically with it.\n\nThe protection is conditional: re-keying the confound to an axis the lottery does\nnot balance erases the protection (0.147→0.229). The\nlesson for selecting and evaluating panels is thus a falsifiable, simulation-bounded\nprediction, not a preference for any one rule — representativeness protects blind\nrecovery precisely when the panel balances the attribute a shared error rides on.\nEvidence is synthetic and oracle-scored; in a single small live model\n(gemma3:4b) the synthetically-best competence-first rule was the worst,\nillustrating that a selection rule validated on parameterized judges need not carry\nover to prompted ones — a hypothesis to test, not an established caution. All methods\nand documentation are openly available at the public repository\ndocxology/ntqr_allotment.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.1.0 (https://github.com/docxology/ntqr_allotment/releases/tag/v0.1.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21083779\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21083779\nPDF SHA-256: 73289489d2d123f198ccee83adac10e61a752805d908970030c2d5ac009061e4",
      "keywords": [
        "sortition",
        "NTQR",
        "unlabeled evaluation",
        "expert panels",
        "peer review",
        "error independence",
        "statistical power",
        "panel formation",
        "synthetic evaluation",
        "LLM reviewers"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Formation rule, not panel size, was the dominant lever: competence-first selection had the lowest recovery error (0.037), while the other three strategies clustered around 0.147-0.148.",
        "With a composition-coupled error confound, single-bloc error exceeded representative error in 180/205 matched regimes, the gap widening from 0.000 to 0.112 as coupling rose.",
        "Recovery error tracks the panel's Herfindahl concentration over the axis the shared error rides on; re-keying the confound to an unbalanced axis erased the protection (0.147 to 0.229).",
        "Increasing panel size from three to six seats produced at most tiny increases in error (largest +0.015), so size was essentially neutral.",
        "H5 was rejected: with the live gemma3:4b panel, the synthetically best expertise-threshold rule was the worst (0.347), which the author frames as a hypothesis to test beyond one model."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Seeded synthetic panel instrument scored against a known oracle — Generates synthetic expert populations and corpora, forms panels, runs the ntqr evaluator without labels, and scores its estimate against the supervised oracle.",
        "Four panel-formation strategies compared — Compares representative sortition, uniform random selection, single-bloc ideological selection, and competence-first expertise thresholding.",
        "ntqr error-independent (EIE) evaluator over judge trios — Uses the ntqr package's exact three-judge EIE solver for no-answer-key evaluation, treating larger panels as ensembles of trios; recovery error is an L1-style distance to the oracle.",
        "Gaussian-copula composition-coupled error confound — Injects shared latent shocks among same-group judges via a Gaussian copula on probit-thresholded competence, preserving marginal accuracy while tuning cross-judge error correlation.",
        "Live gemma3:4b reviewer-panel companion and five pre-stated hypotheses — Tests transfer (H5) with one local Ollama gemma3:4b model prompted as postdoctoral reviewers on fictitious applications; H1-H4 tested on the synthetic track."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_SortitionUpstreamNTQR/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_SortitionUpstreamNTQR/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "empirical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ExploratoryDataAnalysisReproducible181": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ExploratoryDataAnalysisReproducible181",
      "abstract": "Exploratory data analysis (EDA) is the most common entry point in applied\nresearch, yet it is also where reproducibility most often breaks down: logic\naccumulates in notebook cells that are never tested and quietly drift from the\nprose describing them. This paper presents the computational-notebook\nexemplar of the Research Project Template (https://github.com/docxology/template):\nan interactive walkthrough notebook\n(projects/templates/template_eda_notebook/notebooks/eda_walkthrough.ipynb)\nthat imports a small, fully-tested EDA library rather than carrying logic in its\ncells.\n\nWe ship a deterministic dataset (data/measurements.csv) with a designed\ncorrelation structure and a handful of missing values, then load, clean,\nsummarize, correlate, and visualize it entirely through tested functions in\nsrc/eda/. The library is side-effect-free — no plotting and no file I/O — and\nstandalone (numpy and pandas only), so it is covered above the 90% project gate\nand reused identically from the notebook, the thin analysis script\n(scripts/eda_analysis.py), and this manuscript.\n\nContributions are methodological and architectural. On the methods side,\nwe walk the canonical first EDA pass: surface missingness explicitly rather than\nimputing it, compute per-column descriptive statistics and per-group means, and\nrank features by Pearson correlation. On the architecture side, we demonstrate\nthe notebook-to-tested-source extraction workflow — explore fast in a cell, and\nthe moment a computation matters, move it into the library behind a failing\ntest — verified by a zero-mock suite and a structural notebook-binding check\n().\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/template_eda_notebook/releases/tag/v1.0.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21086292\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21086292\nPDF SHA-256: 0b10852bda89361cd71063867b55d9aed942881476867813facd549a961b0c1d",
      "keywords": [
        "exploratory data analysis",
        "computational notebook",
        "reproducible research",
        "pandas",
        "data cleaning",
        "correlation analysis"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "With the shipped data, four rows with missing values are removed, leaving a complete-case dataset.",
        "The correlation ranking recovers the designed strong positive height–weight relationship, with resting heart rate only weakly related.",
        "All tests pass with coverage above the 90% project gate and no mocks.",
        "The paper states its contribution is procedural: the same tested functions back the notebook, the headless script and the manuscript.",
        "Stated limitations: a single small synthetic cohort, listwise deletion only, Pearson correlation only, and static outputs only."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Synthetic 120-record measurement cohort with a fixed seed — Analyzes a shipped deterministic CSV of height, weight and resting heart rate across three groups, with designed correlations and a few blank cells.",
        "Listwise deletion with a reported CleaningReport, no imputation — clean_dataset() drops rows missing any numeric feature and records rows in, remaining and dropped, rather than imputing.",
        "Descriptive statistics, group means and Pearson correlation ranking — Computes per-column summaries and per-group means, then ranks distinct feature pairs by absolute Pearson correlation via strongest_pairs().",
        "Side-effect-free src/eda library with figure-data preparers — Library functions return plot-ready frozen dataclasses (histogram bins, heatmap grid, category counts); only the thin script and notebook call matplotlib.",
        "Zero-mock pytest suite, notebook-binding check and >=90% coverage gate — Tests exercise real data with exact expected statistics, parse the .ipynb to check imports and absence of cell-defined logic, and enforce coverage."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ExploratoryDataAnalysis/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ExploratoryDataAnalysis/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DomainLanguageSpecifyingControlled182": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DomainLanguageSpecifyingControlled182",
      "abstract": "This paper describes a small, tested domain language for specifying\ncontrolled methods — the methods-paper exemplar of the\nResearch Project Template (https://github.com/docxology/template). Unlike a\nresults paper, this manuscript's subject is the methodology itself: a\ncontrolled vocabulary, a unit system with dimensional safety, four staged\nvalidation gates, and a deterministic compiler, implemented in\nprojects/templates/template_methods_paper/src/methods_dsl/ and described\nsection by section in . The domain language's vocabulary is\ninformed by BPL (Biology Programming Language,\n), an upstream reference that encodes laboratory protocols as\nprograms with biology-native types, staged validation, and deterministic\ncompilation; this exemplar generalizes BPL's intent vocabulary and pipeline\nshape from wet-lab protocols to any controlled procedure.\n\nA Method is a name, a set of typed parameters and resources, and an\nordered, dependent set of steps — constructed directly as frozen Python\ndataclasses (src/methods_dsl/model.py) rather than parsed from new text\nsyntax. Every Quantity carries a unit that resolves to one of\n18 controlled units across six dimensions, and every step\nnames one of 9 controlled-vocabulary intents\n(src/methods_dsl/vocabulary.py), executable on one of 3\nbackends. 4 staged gates — structural, semantic, plan, and\ntarget — validate a method before compile_method\n(src/methods_dsl/compiler.py) deterministically schedules it with Kahn's\nalgorithm  and hashes the canonical plan with SHA-256.\n\nWe demonstrate the language on 2 worked example\nmethods spanning both domains BPL's design targets and the domains it\ngeneralizes to: a manual wet-lab preparation\n(PBSPreparation, 5 steps, target human,\nplan hash 313b9b17de98) and an automated instrument-calibration\nprocedure (SensorCalibrationSweep, 4 steps,\ntarget automated, plan hash d89cced19be6).\nLive re-compilation determinism check: Yes. Across both\nmethods, 8 of 8 staged-gate\nevaluations pass. A demonstration provenance hash-chain\n(src/methods_dsl/trust.py) of length 3 verifies as\nYes.\n\nContributions are methodological and architectural. On the methods\nside, we show that a controlled vocabulary expressed as typed dataclasses —\nnot a parsed grammar — is sufficient to reproduce BPL's core safety\nproperties (dimensional safety, staged validation, deterministic\ncompilation) at a scope appropriate for a template exemplar. On the\narchitecture side, the DSL is covered above the 90% project gate by a\nzero-mock test suite, generates 13 artifacts\n(1 figures, 6 data files,\n6 reports) per pipeline run, and injects reproducibility\nmetadata (configuration hash 23b5981d45bdc598, build timestamp\n2026-06-30T23:02:10Z) into .\n\nKeywords: methods paper, domain-specific language, controlled methods, deterministic compilation, staged validation, dimensional analysis\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/template_methods_paper/releases/tag/v1.0.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21086548\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21086548\nPDF SHA-256: ecd8519fc2a9a674bd8a4cf89f96122af76529c913e32bf880a7c842da08771a",
      "keywords": [
        "methods paper",
        "domain-specific language",
        "controlled methods",
        "deterministic compilation",
        "staged validation",
        "dimensional analysis"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Across the two worked examples, which were built to pass, the analysis script recorded 8 of 8 staged-gate evaluations passing (2 methods x 4 gates).",
        "Live recompilation of each example method produced identical plan hashes, and a 3-record demonstration provenance hash-chain verified.",
        "The author concludes that a controlled vocabulary expressed as typed, validated dataclasses rather than a parsed grammar suffices to reproduce BPL's core safety properties at template-exemplar scope.",
        "Stable scheduling depends on the explicit tie-break: Kahn's algorithm alone does not guarantee a reproducible plan hash.",
        "The calibration example reused every step kind and target of the wet-lab example, with nothing added to support the second domain."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Controlled vocabulary of 9 step intents and 3 execution targets — Steps name one of nine intents (TRANSFER, ADD, MIX, etc.) and run on HUMAN, AUTOMATED or SIMULATION targets, generalizing BPL's protocol verbs.",
        "Dimensional-safety unit system (Quantity/Dimension) — Each quantity resolves to a controlled unit table and combining quantities of different dimensions raises an error at construction rather than at the bench.",
        "Four staged validation gates with short-circuit — Structural, semantic, plan (acyclicity) and target-compatibility gates run in fixed order, returning early if the first two fail.",
        "Deterministic compilation via Kahn's algorithm and SHA-256 plan hash — Validated steps are topologically scheduled with an explicit ascending step_id tie-break and the canonical JSON plan is hashed with SHA-256.",
        "Two worked example methods and zero-mock test suite — Demonstrates the DSL on a wet-lab PBS preparation and an automated sensor-calibration sweep, tested without mocks under a 90% coverage gate."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DomainLanguageSpecifying/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DomainLanguageSpecifying/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026EntomologicalLawFieldMap183": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026EntomologicalLawFieldMap183",
      "abstract": "<p>There is no statute, treatise, or law-school casebook titled \"Entomological Law.\" The phrase names a synthetic field &mdash; the convergence zone where the six-legged world repeatedly forces the legal system to answer questions it was not designed for: Can a fly testify? Who owns a swarm? Is a bumblebee a fish? Can you patent a mosquito? May a court excommunicate a weevil? Does a cricket suffer? May insects be used in war? This reference compiles that field as a machine-readable and reproducible artifact organized around the legal role an insect occupies in a given dispute. It encodes 8 legal roles &mdash; witness, regulated threat, protected subject, property, invention, defendant, moral patient, and weapon &mdash; and binds to them 18 landmark decisions, 43 statutes and treaties across 9 categories and 10 jurisdictions, 24 insect taxa, 13 certifying and regulatory institutions, 44 historical milestones spanning 3676 years, and 5 cross-domain themes that knit the roles together. Every count in this prose is generated from the source registries under src/, legal propositions are source-bound in the bibliography, every externally-sourced statistic written as a numeral is bound to a verification record in the claim ledger, and every figure caption is emitted from a source-owned caption registry. The result is both a map of a genuinely transdisciplinary field and a reproducibility contract: the same version-controlled inputs regenerate the inventories, validation report, analytical figures, manuscript variables, and paper while preserving explicit caveats about registry scope, jurisdictional reach, and the boundary between what the offline gates prove and what only a live source check can confirm. --- Associated artifacts GitHub release: Entomological Law (v1.0.0) (https://github.com/docxology/EntoLaw/releases/tag/v1.0.0) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21137276 Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21137276 PDF SHA-256: 5a1891704c285491c97297dea66e9a4ea019b2dabddcc28cb5aeb18d6a335225</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "entomological law",
        "legal entomology",
        "forensic entomology",
        "endangered species",
        "invasive species",
        "insect welfare",
        "gene drive",
        "biological weapons convention",
        "reproducible legal scholarship"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Alongside its roles, cases and statutes, the registries encode 24 insect taxa, 13 institutions, 44 historical milestones spanning 3676 years, and 5 cross-domain themes.",
        "The roles are linked by recurring themes; the role-coverage matrix shows some roles are case-driven, some statute-driven, and defendant and weapon roles almost entirely history-driven.",
        "The author argues the common frontier is institutional translation: insect facts enter law only through admissibility, quarantine, listing, authorization and moral-status filters.",
        "Identified frontiers include insect sentience in welfare law, thin deployment-specific gene-drive governance, and forensic-entomology standardization.",
        "The stated contribution is a registry-first, claim-sourced substrate rather than a new doctrine."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Organizing the field by eight legal roles an insect occupies — Structures the synthesis around the insect's legal status in a dispute: witness, regulated threat, protected subject, property, invention, defendant, moral patient, weapon.",
        "Seven Python source-of-truth registries under src/ — All domain content (roles, cases, statutes, species, institutions, timeline, interconnections) lives in registries from which prose, figures and reports are regenerated.",
        "Build-time token closure for every count in the prose — Magnitude-bearing numbers are generated tokens; a closure test fails the build if a hand-typed count drifts from its registry.",
        "Claim ledger with offline and live verification oracles — External statistics and status claims are logged with source URL, verbatim quote and as-of date; an offline oracle checks attribution and a live oracle re-fetches sources."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_EntomologicalLaw/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_EntomologicalLaw/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ShapeBetweenFullPage184": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ShapeBetweenFullPage184",
      "abstract": "template_storybook demonstrates a public, standalone picture-book workflow in\nthe research template repository. The bundled project renders a deterministic\nfourteen-page storybook subtitled A geometric fable of belonging, bracing, and\nreciprocal form: a clear cover, a publication-and-acknowledgements page, and\ntwelve story pages in which a child tetrahedron raised by cubes meets a child\ncube raised by tetrahedra. The story uses a large reciprocal symbol, a\ntetrahedron-inside-cube stability spread, a shadow-projection lesson, a\ntensegrity lantern, and a vector garden to frame belonging without sameness:\nsquare and triangle families remain distinct while the space between them\nbecomes navigable.\n\nThe project separates story data, rendering logic, and orchestration. Story\ntext, characters, page order, palettes, and overlay choices live in\ncontent/story.yaml; character generation and illustration live in\nsrc/storybook/; one script renders the cover, each page script renders a\nnumbered page, and a final script assembles the PDF. This makes the exemplar a\nforkable pattern for full-page creative artifacts rather than standard\nmanuscript-centered figure generation.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: The Shape Between v0.1.0 (https://github.com/docxology/template_storybook/releases/tag/v0.1.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21176001\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21176001\nPDF SHA-256: 7fb0ed775db212cd9f4b5b578bef8900c9f925bc0c5cc047331eb6900679eeda",
      "keywords": [
        "storybook",
        "illustration",
        "procedural graphics",
        "reportlab",
        "reproducible publishing"
      ],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [
        "Storybook PDF generated from a public research-template repository — The illustrated storybook is presented as a template exemplar produced by a research-template repository, with story and images labeled as illustrative fiction.",
        "Geometric fable drawing on Fuller's Synergetics (tetrahedron in cube) — The narrative uses geometric motifs (a tetrahedron bracing a cube, tensegrity lantern, vector garden) acknowledged as drawn from Fuller's Synergetics."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ShapeBetween/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "other"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026AutopoieticProjectGeneration185": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026AutopoieticProjectGeneration185",
      "abstract": "template_autopoiesis is a combinatoric grammar that deterministically generates\nwhole runnable projects — not files or snippets, but complete, independently\ntestable child repositories with their own kernel source, tests, analysis\nentry point, and manuscript. A single integer seed plus a grammar of orthogonal\nslots (primitive domain, analytical track, section set, and three\npresentation/provenance slots) selects one child from a combinatoric product\nspace of 360 nominal (45 content-distinct)\nconfigurations, via a SHA-256 digest of the seed and slot identity — with no\nrandom-number generator anywhere in the expansion path.\n\nProject generators routinely claim completeness, determinism, and\ntraceability without making any of the three independently checkable. This\nexemplar treats each claim as a structural property to verify rather than a\nrhetorical one to assert: verify_child() recomputes a tree hash from the\nfiles actually on disk and compares it against the recorded provenance,\nrather than trusting a value the same run wrote down; a honesty manifest\ninspects the live source AST to confirm every claim in this manuscript\nresolves to a real function in a real file; and a per-domain mutation gate\nchecks that the acceptance tests reject a constant-success stub before\ntrusting that they accept the real kernel. The same discipline governs this\ndocument itself — every number below is substituted at render time from a\nlive measurement rather than hand-typed as a literal.\n\nAcross 5 heterogeneous primitive domains\n(- optimization\n- dynamics\n- statistics\n- signal\n- graph), 493 tests exercise both fixed ground-truth\nchecks and Hypothesis-driven property invariants at 96.28% branch\ncoverage, with an explicit negative control per domain distinguishing the\nreal kernel from a deliberately-wrong one.\n\nGeneration pipeline\n\nGrammar product space\n\n- Domain count: 5\n- Effective product size: 45\n- Total product size: 360\n- Reserved slots: 3 (figure_profile, qr_profile, integrity_profile)\n- Grammar hash: f84a8f9dbcb18e37\n- Tests: 493 · Coverage: 96.28%\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: Autopoietic Project Generation (v1.0.1) — improved abstract (https://github.com/docxology/template/releases/tag/v1.0.1)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21227869\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21227869\nPDF SHA-256: 84145371f10c7ee97a75c53d78917d247fd6bd987d2c1764ee437b6fbdef8f51",
      "keywords": [
        "autopoiesis",
        "combinatoric grammar",
        "deterministic generation",
        "project synthesis",
        "reproducible research",
        "infrastructure automation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The grammar's nominal product space is 360 cells but only 45 are effective once the 3 presentation/sealing reserved slots are excluded; both are reported.",
        "The paper aims to make completeness, determinism and traceability of generated projects structurally verifiable by re-running code rather than asserting them in prose.",
        "On the example input, iterative gradient descent and the closed-form minimiser agree to within 1e-4.",
        "The reported build has 493 tests at 96.28% coverage, with values injected from a live measurement at render time.",
        "A stated limitation: reserved slots do not yet affect materialization, so distinct seeds can yield different spec hashes but byte-identical children."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Combinatoric slot grammar in config.yaml with SHA-256 grammar hash — A grammar of orthogonal slots and options is parsed and validated by parse_grammar(); its canonical JSON is hashed to fingerprint the grammar.",
        "Five-stage pure-function spine: load, expand, materialize, verify, seal — Child projects are generated by five pure-function stages in separate modules, with no interactive state or network access.",
        "Entropy-free seeded slot selection via SHA-256 digest modulo option count — Each slot choice is derived from a digest of seed, slot name, ordinal and options, with no RNG calls in the expansion path.",
        "Tree-hash provenance re-computed from disk by verify_child() — materialize() records a tree hash of sorted (path, content_hash) pairs; verify_child() re-reads files and recomputes it rather than trusting the record.",
        "Primitive kernels with analytic checks and a mutation meta-gate — Kernels are checked against analytic outputs; a mutation meta-gate (test_meta_teeth.py) asserts per domain that a constant-success stub fails and the real implementation passes."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_AutopoieticProjectGeneration/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_AutopoieticProjectGeneration/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026TemplatePitchDeckReproducible186": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026TemplatePitchDeckReproducible186",
      "abstract": "Research groups routinely need to pitch their work — to funders, partners, or\ncollaborators — yet pitch decks are almost never treated as reproducible\nresearch artifacts: they are hand-assembled in proprietary slide tools,\ncontain unverifiable claims, and cannot be regenerated when the underlying\nfacts change. template_pitch_deck closes that gap. It generates six\nartifacts from one token-resolved content source — short, medium, and long\ndecks, each in both PDF and PPTX — with every numeric claim traced back to a\nlive introspection of the repository it describes, every {{TOKEN}}\nsubstitution verified to have actually landed, and every sentence checked\nagainst a denylist of pitch-deck clichés.\n\nThe flagship content pitches template_template (../../template_template/), this\nmonorepo's own autopoietic meta-project, to a meta-science and\nscience-integrity audience — the kind of pitch an organization like the\nActive Inference Institute or COGSEC would actually hand to a funder. The\nrendering engine itself is new, reusable infrastructure:\ninfrastructure/rendering/slide_deck.py (ReportLab, PDF) and\ninfrastructure/rendering/pptx_deck.py (python-pptx) both consume the same\nDeckContent model, so a PDF and a PPTX built from identical content carry\nidentical slide counts and identical text — verified by direct read-back of\nboth file formats, not by inspection.\n\nKeywords: pitch deck, slide generation, reproducible research\ncommunication, meta-science infrastructure, token validation, PPTX, PDF\nrendering.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/template-pitch-deck/releases/tag/v1.0.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21281509\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21281509\nPDF SHA-256: 66941950e2307d1e9717c0045f3db3196d7d2542c3f5ffceced00438f653c55b",
      "keywords": [
        "pitch deck",
        "slide generation",
        "reproducible research communication",
        "meta-science infrastructure",
        "science integrity",
        "token validation",
        "PPTX",
        "PDF rendering"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The tool generates six artifacts (short, medium and long decks, each as PDF and PPTX) from one token-resolved content source.",
        "PDF and PPTX decks built from identical content carry identical slide counts and text, verified by reading back both file formats rather than by inspection.",
        "Rendering is deterministic: given the same repository state, two consecutive runs produce byte-identical PDF and PPTX output, with generation time kept only in deck metadata.",
        "No LLM/Ollama stage is required, since deck content is authored and token-resolved rather than model-generated at render time, keeping artifacts deterministic.",
        "The flagship deck pitches template_template to a meta-science and science-integrity audience using problem, solution, proof (currently measured facts) and ask arc."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Shared format-agnostic DeckContent/Slide content model with slide budgets — Defines Slide, DeckContent and SlideBudget (short <=10, medium <=22, long <=45 slides) consumed by both renderers, with a pure function truncating decks to a budget.",
        "Dual PDF (ReportLab) and PPTX (python-pptx) renderers with a parity test — Renders the same resolved content via ReportLab canvas onto 16:9 pages and via python-pptx, with a test asserting PDF page count equals PPTX slide count.",
        "{{TOKEN}} resolution against deck_tokens.yaml with fail-loud checks — Resolves {{TOKEN}} placeholders from a token file of facts read live from the pitched project, raising on any unresolved token and checking output for leftover braces.",
        "Word-boundary cliché denylist lint over every resolved slide — Runs a denylist of pitch-deck stock phrases (e.g. synergy, disrupt, 10x) across all slides at all three lengths before rendering, as part of an audit script.",
        "Negative-control fixtures proving validation gates fire — Uses deliberately broken token and cliché-laden fixtures to show each audit failure mode triggers before trusting that the real content passes."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_TemplatePitchDeck/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_TemplatePitchDeck/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ReproducibleLiteratureSynthesisInfrastructure187": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ReproducibleLiteratureSynthesisInfrastructure187",
      "abstract": "This paper documents template_search_project, the literature-search exemplar shipped with the Research Project Template (https://github.com/docxology/template). The project demonstrates two configurable, reproducible pipelines sharing the same configuration file and the same infrastructure/search/ + infrastructure/reference/ modules. The standard pipeline (scripts/run_search_pipeline.py) handles a single SearchQuery end-to-end. The deep-search pipeline (scripts/run_deep_search.py, see ) fans out across a list of keywords (each capped at 100 papers per keyword from deep_search.max_results_per_keyword in manuscript/config.yaml), fully enriches every paper with its abstract and PDF fulltext, and (optionally) uses the local LLM to write a multi-section reading note for every paper. When a deep-search aggregate exists, the latest run covered 3 keyword(s) with unique paper(s) after cross-keyword deduplication. Both turn a free-text topic into: 1. a deduplicated, year-filtered set of papers drawn from arXiv, Crossref, optional local corpora, and (opt-in) Paperclip (https://paperclip.gxl.ai/); 2. a Pandoc-compatible references.bib byte-identical in style to the canonical exemplar in template_code_project (../../template_code_project/manuscript/references.bib) (file manuscript/references.bib); 3. cached abstracts and (optionally) extracted PDF full text, written to disk under stable per-paper identifiers; and 4. an LLM-synthesised reading report assembled from per-paper analyses and a cross-corpus thematic synthesis, all produced by a local Ollama model with pinned seed and temperature. All discovery logic lives in infrastructure/search/literature/ (source on GitHub (https://github.com/docxology/template/tree/main/infrastructure/search/literature)); all export logic lives in infrastructure/reference/citation/ (source on GitHub (https://github.com/docxology/template/tree/main/infrastructure/reference/citation)); LLM synthesis reuses the existing infrastructure/llm/ (source on GitHub (https://github.com/docxology/template/tree/main/infrastructure/llm)) bridge. The project itself contains only thin orchestration, manuscript prose, and a test suite — perfectly mirroring the two-layer architecture the template enforces. The motivating concern is reproducibility: a query at time $t_0$ should produce the same results at time $t_1$ unless the cache is explicitly invalidated. This is achieved by deterministic search caching keyed on canonical query identity, on-disk caching of every fetched abstract / PDF, and pinned LLM seeds. The same manuscript/config.yaml that drives the pipeline is also the only configuration any reviewer needs. Run snapshot. With the bundled manuscript/config.yaml, the most recent pipeline execution evaluated the query \"reproducible research optimization\" against local, returned 6 deduplicated paper(s) (4 carrying a DOI, 6 carrying an abstract), and recorded backend errors: none. Resolve `{{…}} tokens by running scripts/z_generate_manuscript_variables.py after run_search_pipeline.py; the script writes output/data/manuscript_variables.json and resolved markdown under output/manuscript/`, which the PDF-rendering stage prefers when present. Keywords: literature search, BibTeX automation, reproducible research, local LLM synthesis, scientific infrastructure",
      "keywords": [
        "literature search",
        "automated reference management",
        "BibTeX",
        "reproducible research",
        "local LLM synthesis"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "In the reported run, the query \"reproducible research optimization\" against the local backend returned 6 deduplicated papers (4 with a DOI, 6 with an abstract) and no backend errors.",
        "A second run with identical config produces byte-identical artifacts apart from cache timestamps, which the paper calls the property it exists to demonstrate.",
        "Results from live arXiv and Crossref are not reproducible across weeks; strict reproducibility requires pinning a local corpus, committing the cache, and pinning the LLM seed.",
        "The paper states its contribution is not a new algorithm but a demonstration that a reproducible literature workflow can be built from existing template infrastructure with no mocks and a single YAML config."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Multi-backend literature search with DOI/arXiv/title deduplication — Queries configured backends (arXiv, Crossref, local corpora, optional Paperclip) and merges duplicates by DOI, then arXiv id, then title and year.",
        "Deterministic SHA-256-keyed JSON search cache — Writes one cache file per query, named by a hash of the canonical query identity, so identical reruns become file reads.",
        "Abstract and PDF full-text enrichment with on-disk caching — AbstractFetcher caches arXiv abstracts; FulltextFetcher downloads PDFs and extracts text with pypdf under stable per-paper identifiers.",
        "BibTeX export matching the template's house references.bib format — Converts each paper into a BibEntry with convention-based citation keys and venue-routed entry types, written in a fixed house format.",
        "Per-paper and corpus LLM synthesis via local Ollama with pinned seed — Two LLM passes produce structured per-paper notes and thematic corpus synthesis, run with seed 42 and temperature 0.0."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ReproducibleLiteratureSynthesis/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ReproducibleLiteratureSynthesis/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026RegisteredReportTemplatePreregistration188": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026RegisteredReportTemplatePreregistration188",
      "abstract": "This document is a template, not an empirical study. It demonstrates the registered-report workflow end to end: locking a preregistration, validating its completeness, executing the registered analysis plan against deterministic demonstration data, and reporting confirmatory and exploratory claims through an explicit deviation ledger. Every quantity reported here is produced by the tested code in src/registered_report/ and regenerated by scripts/generate_figures.py; none is hand-entered or illustrative. The demonstration binds a single confirmatory hypothesis (H1) to one registered outcome (primary_score) analysed by a two-sided label-permutation test. Run on a seeded two-group dataset (seed = 20260709, n = 24 per group), the registered test yields an observed mean difference of 1.003 with a two-sided permutation p-value of 0.0005 (0 of 2000 shuffles at least as extreme), significant at the preregistered alpha = 0.05. A deliberately introduced secondary endpoint and an alternative model are carried only as documented deviations, keeping the confirmatory claim boundary intact. The purpose is to give forks a working, auditable skeleton in which planned analyses, frozen hypotheses, deviations, and post-run claims are separable and machine-checkable.",
      "keywords": [
        "registered report",
        "preregistration",
        "replication",
        "deviation ledger"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On the synthetic data the registered test gives an observed mean difference of 1.003 and a two-sided permutation p-value of 0.0005, with 0 of 2000 shuffles at least as extreme.",
        "With both documented deviations, the review packet stays valid, keeps primary_score as the only confirmatory outcome, and reports an integrity score of 0.9.",
        "The author states that the result says nothing about any real-world phenomenon, because the data are synthetic and the effect is injected by construction.",
        "The template turns registered-report discipline into code checks, such as a content hash that makes silent edits to the locked plan detectable."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Content-hashed registration freeze plus completeness validation — The registration is deep-copied and stamped with a SHA-256 hash over sorted-key JSON, then checked for required sections such as hypotheses, outcomes, exclusion rules, and analysis plan.",
        "Seeded synthetic two-group dataset (n = 24 per group) — Instead of real data, a seeded generator draws control values from Normal(0, 1) and treatment values from Normal(0.8, 1) to demonstrate the workflow.",
        "Two-sided label-permutation test with 2000 shuffles and add-one correction — The registered primary model tests the group mean difference at alpha = 0.05 using 2000 seeded label shuffles.",
        "Deviation ledger classifying executed elements as ok, warning, or error — build_deviation_ledger records each executed outcome and model and grades unregistered elements by whether a documented rationale exists.",
        "Deliberately plan-divergent demo analysis to exercise the ledger — The demo adds a secondary_score endpoint and swaps the permutation test for a linear model, each with a rationale, to show how deviations are recorded."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_RegisteredReportTemplate/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_RegisteredReportTemplate/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026RedactedReportTemplateDisclosure189": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026RedactedReportTemplateDisclosure189",
      "abstract": "This exemplar demonstrates a complete disclosure-control pipeline for sanitized public release reports. The methodology combines classification-ceiling enforcement, source-protection validation, mosaic-risk scoring, and TPM-backed sealed sidecars across a sixteen-variant visual proof matrix. Four redaction styles—blackout, whiteout, grayout, and blur—are rendered across four PDF backgrounds—white, gray, black, and blur—yielding sixteen base proof PDFs. Each receives nine steganographic security methods including SHA-256/SHA-512 hash manifests, diagonal watermark overlays, footer provenance stamps, invisible text, QR and Code128 barcodes, PDF Info and XMP metadata, and embedded manifest attachments. Optional Kmyth TPM sealing wraps each hash manifest and steganography PDF in a .ski sidecar sealed against the TPM2-TSS storage hierarchy, bound to PCR selections and policy or-values. The release gate requires three reviewer roles—originator, classification reviewer, and release authority—each providing a non-empty rationale. A source-safe redaction ledger records SHA-256 hashes of each redacted span without exposing source text, and a segment hash manifest compares source and public SHA-256 digests for reproducible audit. The comprehensive release packet combines sanitized text, audit findings, ledger, hashes, review gate status, and paragraph-level audit tables into a single JSON-ready export. This exemplar confirms that visual presentation choices remain orthogonal to the release gate: the same source-safe decisions drive every output variant.",
      "keywords": [
        "redaction",
        "disclosure control",
        "release audit",
        "source protection"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On the fixture packet (fourteen segments), the audit reported the packet releasable with redaction coverage 1.0, plus warning-level residual-marker findings.",
        "In the verified run, all sixteen variants produced both TPM sidecars, giving thirty-two .ski files.",
        "Without the FlushContext patch, the second kmyth-seal invocation fails with an out-of-memory-for-object-contexts error on swtpm.",
        "The author reports that visual presentation choices are orthogonal to the release gate: all four redaction treatments yield equivalent source-safe outputs.",
        "Stated limitations: fixture data is invented, swtpm lacks hardware tamper resistance, and batch sealing of 32 sidecars takes about thirty seconds via the proxy."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Invented fixture data with synthetic classified segments and reviewers — The pipeline is exercised only on synthetic segments (UNCLASSIFIED to TOP_SECRET//SCI), synthetic redaction decisions and synthetic reviewer records.",
        "Text-level release-audit engine with mosaic-risk scoring — Segments are audited against a public classification ceiling, redaction spans checked for overlap, orphan decisions flagged, source-control coverage enforced, and residual markers scored.",
        "4x4 visual redaction proof matrix plus nine steganographic methods — Four redaction styles are rendered on four PDF backgrounds (16 PDFs), each post-processed with hash manifests, watermarks, barcodes, metadata and embedded manifests.",
        "Kmyth TPM sealing via swtpm and an mssim-to-swtpm proxy on macOS — Hash manifests and steganography PDFs are sealed into .ski sidecars; on macOS a software TPM and protocol proxy were used, and kmyth-seal was patched to flush contexts.",
        "Source-safe SHA-256 redaction ledger and three-role review gate — Redacted spans are recorded only as SHA-256 hashes, and release requires originator, classification reviewer and release authority approvals with rationales."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_RedactedReportTemplate/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_RedactedReportTemplate/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026PoolsRulesToolsTemplate190": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026PoolsRulesToolsTemplate190",
      "abstract": "Research software repositories in monorepo configurations accumulate three categories of shared resources that individual projects must consume without re-implementing discovery logic: data pools (bibliographies, contacts, datasets), governance rules (style guides, coverage thresholds, citation schemas), and executable tools (code executors, validators, skill invocations). Without a canonical integration pattern, projects either duplicate discovery logic or silently ignore resources that fail to load — both outcomes degrade reproducibility and collaborative cohesion [Wilson et al., 2014, Taschuk and Wilson, 2017]. This paper presents template_pools_rules_tools, a meta-project exemplar that demonstrates how a single project can programmatically discover, validate, and exercise all three resource categories with zero tight coupling to any specific resource instance. The exemplar comprises eight Python modules — three resource readers (fonds_reader, rules_applier, tools_invoker), an orchestrator (integration), a semantic rule evaluator (strong_rule_evaluator), a figure generator (figures), a manuscript-token generator (manuscript_variables), and shared type definitions (type_defs) — plus six thin orchestration scripts and a fully token-injected manuscript pipeline. The architecture (fig. 1) separates resource ownership from resource consumption. Resources live in top-level fonds/, rules/, and tools/ directories and are never modified by consumers. Each resource exposes a typed manifest (fonds.yaml, rules.yaml, tools.yaml) that the corresponding reader module uses for discovery and validation. All readers implement graceful fallbacks: they return None or empty collections when a resource is absent, log a warning via the standard library logging module, and allow the integration pipeline to continue. This revision extends the original three-figure presentation to eight content figures plus a cover illustration — a fond taxonomy (fig. 2), a rule hierarchy (fig. 3), a tool invocation contract (fig. 4), a three-level resilience diagram (fig. 8), and a script pipeline flow (fig. 6) — so that every structural claim in the prose has a corresponding visual. In a representative pipeline run, the integration demo loaded 3 fonds, validated 2 rule sets, discovered 3 tools, and processed 8 bibliography entries — all reported as structured JSON that populates manuscript variable tokens at render time. Tests covering the eight src/ modules (across nine test files) achieve well above the required >=90% combined line coverage and use real file paths rather than mocks, ensuring that reported counts are genuine — run uv run pytest … --cov-report=term for the current test count and coverage percentage rather than trusting a number printed here. The template_pools_rules_tools exemplar provides a reference implementation that any project in the template repository can consult when designing its own resource-consumption layer.",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "In a representative run, the integration demo loaded 3 fonds, validated 2 rule sets, discovered 3 tools and processed 8 bibliography entries.",
        "The paper claims typed manifests shift failure detection from runtime to pipeline startup, which it frames as an improvement for reproducibility.",
        "It proposes a three-level resilience design (resource absence, schema malformation, script absence) so the pipeline reports failures informatively instead of crashing.",
        "The authors argue a manifest-and-reader pattern avoids the packaging overhead of shared libraries, the lost validation of symlinks, and the setup burden of environment variables.",
        "Stated limitations include structural-only validation by default, no concurrency handling against parallel writers, and a small-scale design assumption."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Four-module reader architecture: fonds_reader, rules_applier, tools_invoker, integration — One Python reader module per resource category (data pools, governance rules, executable tools) plus an orchestrator that runs all three.",
        "Typed YAML manifests (fonds.yaml, rules.yaml, tools.yaml) for discovery — Each shared resource exposes a typed manifest that its reader uses for discovery and validation; consumers never modify resources.",
        "Repo-root-relative path resolution and graceful-degradation readers — Paths resolve via pathlib parents[N]; readers check existence, catch yaml.YAMLError, log warnings and return empty values rather than raising.",
        "{{TOKEN}} injection of runtime statistics into the manuscript — A script hydrates manuscript tokens from integration-run JSON just before pandoc renders, so counts in the prose come from the pipeline.",
        "Real-file tests (no mocks), property-based tests and a negative control — Nine test files exercise the eight src/ modules with real YAML/BibTeX files; one test monkeypatches the source to prove tokens are live-wired."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_PoolsRulesTools/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_PoolsRulesTools/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {
        "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "date": "2026-10-01"
      },
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026IllegalStatesMostlyUnrepresentable191": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026IllegalStatesMostlyUnrepresentable191",
      "abstract": "This paper presents a strongly-typed, decentralized multiagent simulation — an ant-robot colony — as the computational exemplar of the Research Project Template (https://github.com/docxology/template). Each colony member is an Agent that owns exactly one real, on-disk SQLite database and one in-process, fault-injectable protocol endpoint; no agent ever touches another agent's storage or network state. The implementation lives under projects/templates/template_formal/src/template_formal/; the demo pipeline is orchestrated by scripts/02_run_analysis.py. The paper's central claim is methodological, not a typing-features showcase: static typing's honest value in Python is edit-time/CI-time error prevention on structurally representable invariants, and nothing more. Nominal identifiers (AgentId, MessageId, TxnId as distinct NewType wrappers), a tagged-union Result[T, E] ADT with match-exhaustiveness, and a session-typed protocol state machine (IdleSession → HandshakingSession → EstablishedSession → ClosedSession) each make an illegal program a type error, verified by a real mypy --strict subprocess run against six known-bad negative-control fixtures plus three known-good positive-control fixtures (tests/mypy_fixtures/). Where the type system cannot help — reusing a consumed transaction handle, reusing a consumed protocol-phase instance, or receiving malformed bytes off an untyped network boundary — the implementation runtime-guards instead, and the manuscript says so explicitly rather than eliding the distinction. We also frame, without over-claiming, two additional lenses: the per-agent storage schema as a functor $\\mathrm{Schema} \\to \\mathbf{Set}$ in the sense of @fong2018seven, and each agent's per-tick decision as an approximate minimizer of a closed-form expected-free-energy quantity in the spirit of @friston2005theory, bridged to collective organization via the Memory Evolutive Systems framework of . Both framings are declared as design lenses, not machine-checked mathematical results — the paper is explicit about which of its claims are proofs and which are analogies. Contributions are architectural, epistemic, and empirical. Architecturally: a zero-mock test suite (tests/) covering ADT exhaustiveness, affine-handle reuse, session-type phase transitions, seeded fault injection over a real in-process bus, and a three-agent colony integration test exhibiting a real stigmergic positive-feedback mechanism (deliberately not overclaimed as \"emergence\" — see @sec:results-discussion). Epistemically: an explicit \"What mypy --strict proves vs. what is a runtime discipline\" section (@sec:honesty-line) that pins every strong claim to the ISC (Ideal-State Criterion) number of its paired negative-control test, so the claim-to-evidence mapping is auditable rather than asserted. Empirically: eight pre-registered analyses grouped across three experiment families, falsifiable experiments (@sec:results-discussion) — a decay-rate sweep revealing a real, non-monotonic threshold effect (near-zero convergence below decay $\\approx 0.35$, a $100\\%$ plateau at moderate decay, and a measurable decline at total evaporation); a random-choice null-model comparison showing the real mechanism's Wilson-bounded convergence rate ($93.3\\%$) does not overlap a chance baseline's ($0.67\\%$); and a heterogeneity-magnitude sweep showing convergence rate decreases strictly monotonically as agent preferences spread wider — each stated with its falsification criterion before its real, seeded result, using genuinely new stdlib-only infrastructure (colony/nullmodel.py, colony/sweep.py) rather than one-off scripts. Keywords: strongly typed programming, session types, algebraic data types, category theory, Active Inference, multiagent systems, affine types, illegal state unrepresentable.",
      "keywords": [
        "strongly typed programming",
        "session types",
        "algebraic data types",
        "category theory",
        "active inference",
        "multiagent systems",
        "affine types",
        "illegal state unrepresentable"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "In the tested calibrated configuration, the stigmergic mechanism beat a random-choice null model: its Wilson lower bound (0.8816) clears the null model's upper bound (0.0368).",
        "Disabling only pheromone deposit collapsed convergence to chance level, attributing the mechanism's advantage to the stigmergic channel in this configuration.",
        "Convergence versus decay showed a threshold rather than a monotonic slope, with 0/60 trials converging at decay 0.10 and 0.30.",
        "Convergence decreased strictly as preference heterogeneity widened (1.0000 > 0.9333 > 0.2500 > 0.0333).",
        "An audit found a defect the src-only mypy gate missed (a Protocol a frozen dataclass could not satisfy), fixed with read-only properties and a good-fixture regression guard."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Simulated ant-robot colony: agents with own SQLite DB and protocol endpoint — Each simulated colony member owns one on-disk SQLite database and one fault-injectable protocol endpoint, with no shared storage or network state.",
        "mypy --strict as oracle on six known-bad and three known-good fixtures — Runs mypy --strict as a subprocess on negative-control fixtures (expect errors), positive-control fixtures, and the src tree (expect zero exit).",
        "Seeded fault injection (drop/reorder/duplicate/corrupt) over an in-process bus — Drives real handshakes through an in-process bus with each fault mode enabled, checking typed error results and seed determinism.",
        "Pre-registered seeded experiments with Wilson CIs, Fisher and Cochran–Armitage tests — Tests colony convergence over independently seeded trials at a calibrated baseline (8 agents, 2 locations, 30 ticks) using Wilson intervals, Fisher and trend tests.",
        "Design lenses: schema as functor; decision as expected-free-energy minimizer — Frames per-agent storage as a functor Schema→Set and decisions via expected free energy, explicitly as design lenses rather than proofs."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_IllegalStatesMostly/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_IllegalStatesMostly/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DataDescriptorTemplateSchema192": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DataDescriptorTemplateSchema192",
      "abstract": "This exemplar demonstrates a data descriptor workflow in which the schema, file inventory, provenance chain, license boundary, and validation gate are treated as first-class research artifacts rather than afterthoughts. It ships a small, public, synthetic demonstration dataset (two CSV files under data/fixtures/) and a machine-readable descriptor (data/example_descriptor.json) that declares each file's media type, sha256 checksum, and row count alongside a six-field data dictionary with typed constraints. A tested validation library (src/data_descriptor/) checks the descriptor's shape, safety, and completeness; recomputes each declared checksum and row count against the bytes on disk; and emits a deterministic, metadata-only release manifest suitable for pre-publication review. Every figure and quantitative claim in this manuscript is produced by that library and regenerated on demand, so the prose describes structure and provenance rather than transcribing values that would drift. This is a template with a demonstration dataset: it makes no scientific claim about the data, only about how to describe and release a dataset responsibly.",
      "keywords": [
        "data descriptor",
        "FAIR data",
        "provenance",
        "schema validation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The clean fixture descriptor produces zero validation findings, while the deliberately perturbed demo produces several errors and warnings.",
        "For the shipped fixture, both files verify: declared and actual row counts agree and each recomputed checksum matches, leaving the readiness score unpenalised.",
        "The paper reports that its zero-mock test suite exceeds the 90% project coverage gate.",
        "The work explicitly makes no scientific claim about the synthetic data; claims are limited to how to describe and release a dataset."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Synthetic demo dataset: two CSV fixtures plus JSON descriptor — Ships two small deterministic synthetic CSV files (measurements, subjects) described by a machine-readable descriptor with checksums and row counts.",
        "Six-field data dictionary with typed constraints — Declares six fields with types, nullability, units, regex patterns, closed enumerations and numeric bounds for the measurement table.",
        "Order-independent sha256 schema fingerprint — descriptor_fingerprint() hashes (name, type, nullable) triples so reordering fields does not change the schema fingerprint.",
        "Validation gate with readiness score and perturbed negative control — validate_descriptor() emits severity-tagged findings folded into a readiness score; a deliberately broken copy tests that the gate reacts.",
        "Byte-level descriptor-to-file verification — verify_descriptor_files() recomputes sha256 and row counts of present files and reports verified, mismatch, or absent status."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DataDescriptorTemplate/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DataDescriptorTemplate/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026PriorCognitiveArt194": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026PriorCognitiveArt194",
      "abstract": "A prior is not explained by stacking more priors; it is located by mechanism, function, history, and fixed-point organization. The paper's precise thesis is procedural: before asking why\na prior exists, identify which explanatory kind is being requested and name the\nrule that will terminate the explanation. This working paper argues that Tinbergen's four questions\nare not stacked levels in one causal chain. They are crossed axes: proximate\nversus ultimate, and static versus developmental. Mechanism and function ask\nwhat a prior is doing now; ontogeny and phylogeny ask how such organization came\nto be across different timescales.\n\nThe paper treats the familiar \"prior on a prior\" problem in hierarchical Bayes\nas structurally parallel to an ontogenetic account that says one prior selects\nanother. Both postpone the question unless they terminate. Three termination\nfamilies organize the paper: pragmatic closure, selection closure, and\nfixed-point termination. They are organizing families, not an exhaustive\ntaxonomy of every possible explanation. A final upstream pass asks what comes\nbefore the first prior and answers with a constraint stack -- viability,\nallostasis, co-homeostasis, development, and niche support -- rather than with a\nhidden meta-prior. The project uses plain text, deterministic conceptual visualizations, and one deterministic illustrative simulation trace.\nIts supplement adds generated, auto-numbered formal claims and a closed symbol\nglossary as text-integrity artifacts rather than empirical machinery.\nThe paper includes one deterministic illustrative simulation trace over authored formal states; it does not run stochastic simulations, synthetic-data experiments, empirical estimates, or performance benchmarks.\n\nThe \"art\" in the title names the craft at stake: arranging explanatory kinds\n(proximate/ultimate, static/developmental, selection/fixed-point) so that no\nsingle kind is mistaken for the whole, and rendering that arrangement as\ndeterministic figures and checkable formalism rather than as empirical simulation evidence. It\nalso marks a bounded link to aesthetic practice: artworks can stage encounters\nwith expectations, material affordances, ambiguity, and meaning, but this paper\ntreats that link as a conceptual analogy, not as an empirical theory of art.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: Prior Cognitive Art v0.1.0 (https://github.com/docxology/prior_cognitive_art/releases/tag/v0.1.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21316510\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21316510\nPDF SHA-256: 62aa1d8d4af75f4b5bdc894516720bdf61ae68a4be27f44aefc09c2dd2fbba67",
      "keywords": [
        "priors",
        "Tinbergen's four questions",
        "hierarchical Bayes",
        "free energy principle",
        "Markov blankets",
        "cognitive science",
        "conceptual visualization"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The author argues the regress is not forced by Tinbergen's framework but arises when an ontogenetic answer is asked to do the work of every quadrant.",
        "The paper argues that what comes before the first prior is a stack of constraints (viability, regulation, co-homeostasis, development, niche) rather than a hidden meta-prior.",
        "Niche construction is treated as a constraint on selection termination rather than as a fourth termination type.",
        "The art claim is bounded: aesthetic practices arrange encounters with predictive priors, without proving art directly rewires priors.",
        "The author states the formal supplement does not prove the thesis but makes it checkable against its own artifacts."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Tinbergen's four questions recast as a 2×2 grid of crossed axes — Maps mechanism, function, ontogeny and phylogeny onto proximate/ultimate and static/developmental axes to type explanations of priors.",
        "Five-step protocol for typing 'why' questions about priors — Applies a protocol per question: type the request, expose deferral, name the stop, state the ceiling, then render and validate.",
        "Three regress-termination families: pragmatic, selection, fixed-point — Organizes responses to the hyperprior regress into pragmatic closure, selection closure and fixed-point termination, explicitly non-exhaustive.",
        "Source-owned deterministic diagrams, formal claims and glossary — Renders diagrams, formal claims and a symbol glossary from recorded source inventories (quadrants, termination modes, modules, figure specs).",
        "One deterministic illustrative simulation trace over authored formal states — Includes a single deterministic trace and explicitly no stochastic simulation, synthetic data, empirical estimates or benchmarks."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_PriorCognitiveArt/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_PriorCognitiveArt/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ActiveFractalRabbitSyntheticBenchmark195": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ActiveFractalRabbitSyntheticBenchmark195",
      "abstract": "Sparse waypoint analysis is privacy-sensitive: it must separate movement from irregular reporting, missingness, spatial coarsening, and corruption while preserving uncertainty about hidden location. Active FractalRabbit provides a controlled, artifact-bound benchmark whose headline lane uses a deterministic project-local synthetic FractalRabbit-format fixture; a separately retained lane exercises pinned open-source software from the National Security Agency as an independent simulator surface. The benchmark converts sporadic reports into categorical evidence, fits explicit hidden-state generative models, and compares transparent temporal, Markov, sequence, state-space, neural, latent-state, and active inference predictors under matched information sets. Under noisy partial-observability, Active Inference is the lowest-loss implemented predictor: it clearly leads point-estimate and raw-observation families and sits in a statistical tie with the strongest non-AIF belief-preserving comparator. The shared mechanism is soft Bayesian marginalization, which preserves probability across plausible cells instead of committing early to one state. Point estimates suffice for clean observations, an online base-rate predictor leads under regime switching, transparent temporal and disclosed kinematic controls anchor sparse reporting gaps, and withholding location sharply limits specific-cell recovery from metadata. The partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) formulation also exposes variational and expected-free-energy diagnostics for belief, minimization, and integrity. These results establish a regime-specific synthetic model map and a reproducible evidence chain. The present contract covers synthetic software behavior; separate evidence protocols govern privacy and empirical evaluation. Code, fixtures, manuscript source, and the release manifest are public at github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/active_fractal_rabbit (https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/active_fractal_rabbit).\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.2.0 (https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/active_fractal_rabbit/releases/tag/v0.2.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21330636\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21330636\nPDF SHA-256: d676159d149a12a1e990457329ad4cf52d2d8ab4ffcf09f55b42bad8e0c3c052",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "On the synthetic fixture, soft Bayesian marginalization beats a hard point estimate as emissions degrade: 0 nats at a clean channel to 0.739 nats at flip probability 0.400 on the primary draw, with a mean of 0.495 nats.",
        "Under noisy emission, active inference ranks 1 of 14 but leads the strongest non-AIF belief filter by only 0.005 nats, a statistical tie.",
        "No directional comparison in the clustered-bootstrap family survives multiplicity correction.",
        "Withholding location collapses the filter's mean mass on the true cell from 0.995 to 0.069.",
        "The pymdp lane matches the exact Bayes posterior (max abs. difference 3.99e-07) and contributes interpretability rather than predictive leadership on the default surface."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Synthetic waypoint benchmark: FractalRabbit fixture plus NSA simulator lane — The headline lane uses a deterministic synthetic FractalRabbit-format fixture; a separate lane runs the pinned open-source NSA FractalRabbit software.",
        "Discrete POMDP generative model over grid cells with four categorical modalities — Waypoints are discretised into a 4x4 grid of hidden cells with location, time-of-day, speed and reporting-burst observation tensors.",
        "Matched-information comparison of 14 predictors incl. HMM, particle, pymdp — Temporal, Markov, sequence, state-space, neural, latent-state and active inference predictors are scored on held-out next-cell log-loss under matched information sets.",
        "Soft-vs-hard marginalization protocol under a K-ary symmetric noisy emission — Soft belief, hard MAP and observed-Markov predictors share transition, emission and priors, differing only in marginalize-versus-commit, across emission flip probabilities.",
        "Traveller-clustered bootstrap with Holm and Benjamini-Hochberg correction — Paired loss differences use traveller-clustered bootstrap intervals (B = 2000) with Holm-Bonferroni primary and BH secondary correction."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ActiveFractalRabbit/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ActiveFractalRabbit/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026FourfoldVisionWilliamBlake196": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026FourfoldVisionWilliamBlake196",
      "abstract": "Published by Synergetics University on 14 July 2026, The Fuller Conjecture asks whether \"there exists a line of reasoning that presents Fuller's synergetic vision as a philosophical system.\" This paper tests one qualified route through that problem. It places William Blake's fourfold vision beside Buckminster Fuller's Synergetics without claiming shared vocabulary, historical influence, or Blakean anticipation of Quadray: Blake supplies a historically situated problem of plural seeing, while Quadray and tetrahedral geometry supply a reproducible model of relational aspects, partial views, and reconstruction. The formal result is exact: for any non-degenerate convex tetrahedron observed by a strictly exterior camera, one frame exposes 1, 2, or 3 faces, never 4; an atlas can preserve all 4 across successive views. The project combines an argument graph, exact rational geometry, deterministic visualizations, a rights-aware corpus ledger, and a dependency-free viewer. \"Synchronous omni-rational form\" names this operational integration—a relational whole retained across partial views, sequences, source boundaries, and explicit limits—not a historical Blakean or Fullerian doctrine.",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "For any non-degenerate convex tetrahedron viewed from a strictly exterior camera, one frame exposes 1, 2, or 3 faces, never 4, while an atlas of views can preserve all 4.",
        "The author's central claim is a qualified structural analogy: Blake's fourfold vision is analogous to a tetrahedral totality, not a historical identity between Blake and Fuller.",
        "The author argues the Fuller Conjecture becomes tractable when presentation is a coupled graph, atlas, and golden thread.",
        "The ablation indicates the tetrahedron is useful but not necessary to Blake's language; it is chosen for usefulness rather than historical necessity.",
        "The reproducible project contains 51 ledger entries and a golden-thread path of 10 nodes."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Comparative reading of Blake's fourfold vision anchored in the 1802 Butts letter — Uses Blake's November 1802 letter-poem to Thomas Butts and Blake scholarship (Calè, Groves) as historical evidence for the problem of plural seeing.",
        "Exact rational Quadray/tetrahedral geometry with face-visibility classifier — Models a tetrahedron in Quadray coordinates with exact rational arithmetic and classifies faces visible from strictly exterior cameras by outward-normal dot products.",
        "Proof of face cardinality via area-weighted face-plane dependence — Proves that an exterior camera sees between 1 and 3 faces of any non-degenerate tetrahedron using the identity that area-weighted outward normals sum to zero.",
        "Argument graph with 'golden thread' path, ledgers and rights gate — Encodes claims in an argument graph traversed by a selected path, with citation/claim ledgers, a rights-aware corpus ledger, and pinned upstream checks.",
        "Ablation of the tetrahedral model against four-channel and planar alternatives — Compares the tetrahedral atlas with an abstract four-channel state and a four-sided planar model to show what each retains or loses."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_FourfoldVision/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_FourfoldVision/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DuckRabbitTypedMultimodalIllusion197": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DuckRabbitTypedMultimodalIllusion197",
      "abstract": "DuckRabbit is typed, deterministic research software by Daniel Ari Friedman\n(Active Inference Institute) for constructing reproducible visual, auditory,\ntemporal, and audiovisual stimulus families. The intended public release will\nbe available at the following repository:\n\nhttps://github.com/docxology/DuckRabbit\n\nDuckRabbit is released under the MIT License.\n\nIts basic unit is an immutable request containing an illusion identifier,\nvalidated parameters, a seed, and an encoding specification. The request yields\na canonical artifact, objective media measurements, and a versioned provenance\nmanifest before any delivery codec is selected. This separation makes the\nstimulus a testable computational object while reserving claims about\nperception for controlled observer protocols.\n\nThe release situates its engineering choices within a deliberately broad\nhistorical foundation spanning Greek, Arabic/Islamicate, Chinese, and\nearly-modern work on optics, visual inference, and cross-sensory knowledge,\nalongside later psychophysics and illusion research. These traditions motivate\nquestions about construction, observation, and evidence; they are contextual\nprecedents, not evidence that a generated file reproduces an ancient,\nearly-modern, or clinical observation.\n\nVersion 0.5.0 contains 17 implemented\ngenerators and 18 catalog entries, supported by\n36 source records and 18 evidence records\nin a checked-in audit snapshot. The package generates\n15 publication figures and 10\nmachine-derived tables from the live registry. It also provides a typed\nobserver-study harness and a transparent synthetic diagnostic: a\nhand-specified feature observer with serialized weights, temperature, analytic\ncalibration, and human_data=false. No participant data are bundled; synthetic model output is explicitly nonhuman.\n\nDuckRabbit verifies physical stimulus properties, media round trips, hashes,\ntiming, and declared provenance. It does not infer a universal percept, effect\nsize, or cross-device perceptual equivalence from a generated artifact. Its\ncontribution is a reproducibility and epistemic boundary: source-backed family\ndescriptions, deterministic media facts, and future observer hypotheses remain\ndifferent typed records rather than being collapsed into one claim. DuckRabbit\nis software for reproducible stimulus construction and audit, not a claim that\na generated file alone produces a universal perceptual effect.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.5.0 (https://github.com/docxology/DuckRabbit/releases/tag/v0.5.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21419693\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21419693\nPDF SHA-256: 3afefaeeccb5616448cc6da83b5807dd996ccc96bfff113d635b8da140baea06",
      "keywords": [
        "perceptual illusions",
        "cognitive taxonomy",
        "audio-visual stimuli",
        "deterministic generation",
        "typed parameters",
        "research software",
        "reproducible research",
        "psychophysics"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Version 0.5.0 contains 17 implemented generators and 18 catalog entries, supported by 36 source records and 18 evidence records.",
        "The publication workflow generates 15 publication figures and 10 machine-derived tables from the live registry.",
        "The package is framed around falsifiable engineering hypotheses, including that identical typed requests yield identical canonical arrays and digests.",
        "The author states the validation suite establishes software repeatability, not replicability of an observer effect under new displays, populations or tasks.",
        "No participant data are bundled; the synthetic observer output is explicitly nonhuman and does not estimate human thresholds or effect sizes."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Typed immutable stimulus request (identifier, parameters, seed, encoding) — Each stimulus is generated from an immutable request whose value objects validate finite parameter ranges, yielding a canonical image, audio, video or audiovisual artifact.",
        "Canonical little-endian float32 serialization with SHA digests and v2 manifests — Canonical arrays plus shape, clock and units are hashed independently of PNG/WAV/GIF/MP4/NPZ delivery, and a v2 manifest records parameters, metrics and verification status.",
        "Encode-decode verification with format-specific tolerances — Delivered files are decoded and checked against canonical facts; PNG, GIF, WAV and NPZ use local adapters while MP4 uses an optional ffmpeg backend.",
        "Objective media metrics (luminance, RMS, spectral centroid, frame deltas, sync offsets) — Computes physical or decoded-media metrics with units and computation versions, explicitly kept separate from observer responses.",
        "Hand-specified synthetic feature observer (logistic, human_data=false) — A serialized feature observer with fixed weights and temperature exercises analysis orchestration across parameter sweeps; it is not trained or calibrated on humans."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DuckRabbit/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DuckRabbit/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026SynthOBSFractiSynthGoldenRatio198": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026SynthOBSFractiSynthGoldenRatio198",
      "abstract": "A tested Python reference engine, native libobs plugin, and obspython bridge for a telemetry-driven broadcast console. Includes deterministic figures, a versioned live OBS evidence bundle, fail-closed telemetry contracts, and a research-grade technical design manuscript. 1217 tests passing, 96.09% coverage on src/synthobs. Source: https://github.com/docxology/SynthOBS/releases/tag/v1.618.0. This version replaces the PDF with one that carries its own DOI on the cover/citation page (the v1 PDF referenced the DOI only externally).",
      "keywords": [
        "OBS Studio",
        "libobs",
        "reproducible research software",
        "space-weather telemetry",
        "real-time digital signal processing",
        "software provenance",
        "software citation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "All six required live-OBS gates passed in the versioned run 20260717T153649Z.",
        "The materials table reports a test collection of 1217 tests with 96.09% coverage.",
        "The author states that the golden-ratio choices are engineering decisions and the manuscript does not infer perceptual or broadcast-quality benefits from them.",
        "The stated design proposition is narrow: a single pinned constant, fail-closed state transitions, and versioned captures make a cross-language OBS instrument easier to reason about and re-run.",
        "The two telemetry planes are designed to be independent, so a solar-wind dropout does not overwrite the SWO vector and invalid telemetry does not create a new lock."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Dependency-free Python reference engine (src/synthobs/) — Geometry, telemetry gates, DSP, console shape, and command grammar are defined in Python with no OBS or third-party runtime imports, serving as the portable source of truth.",
        "Native libobs C plugin (FractiSynth) with libcurl-backed telemetry — A separate C implementation applies the engine's declared video and audio contracts at the OBS host boundary.",
        "Golden-ratio constant for viewport splits, video scale, limiter knee, spiral — phi = 1.618 is used as an engineering parameter for layout and DSP contracts; the author explicitly treats it as a design choice.",
        "Two-plane telemetry model from NOAA space-weather products — An amplitude plane uses F10.7 cm radio flux and active-region counts, while an independent phase plane maps solar-wind speed through the EGS gateway key.",
        "Live OBS acceptance protocol via obs-websocket with six gates — A real OBS process and websocket connection are used to fit the console to canvas, capture compositor pixels, compare silent vs. tone audio, and inspect HUD provenance."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_SynthOBSFractiSynth/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_SynthOBSFractiSynth/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ActiveInferencePowerSuite199": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ActiveInferencePowerSuite199",
      "abstract": "<p class=\"p1\">Statistical power is an investigator-facing operating characteristic of an adaptive-study design. Before simulation, the investigator fixes an agent-side model, evaluator-side process, testing setting, policy, and replication plan. Each embedded agent acts only on visible history; simulated hidden truth is retained for scoring. active_inference_power makes that conditional estimand inspectable. The suite combines fixed-horizon procedures, analytic references, dependence/calibration experiments, and a discrete-state active-inference agent checked against a binary oracle. It extends this to action loops with sensing reliability, latent context, target choice, cost, and stopping. The study distinguishes model-relative posterior belief from calibrated p-value and likelihood-ratio e-process evidence. It compares Benjamini&ndash;Hochberg (BH) false discovery rate (FDR) procedures with family-wise error rate (FWER) alternatives, and separates either evidence object from online FDR procedure-specific accounting. Results are scenario-indexed finite-simulation estimates with Monte Carlo standard error (MCSE) and declared error, dependence, filtration, and optional-stopping boundaries; they do not assign a universal power value to an agent, task environment, or active inference. Instead, they support auditable comparisons among explicitly declared adaptive-study designs. Contracts, seed schedules, certificates, figures, claim ledger, and rendered manuscript form a linked evidence chain, allowing readers to trace each claim to its design and artifact. Source and release materials are available at the verified GitHub repository ActiveInferenceInstitute/active_inference_power.</p>\n<p><strong>Active Inference Power Suite v1.0.0</strong> is a source-bound release of an adaptive-study design suite. It reports scenario- and policy-indexed finite-simulation operating characteristics; it does not claim a universal \"power of active inference.\"</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Source repository and exact release: <a href=\"https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/active_inference_power/releases/tag/v1.0.0\">https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/active_inference_power/releases/tag/v1.0.0</a></li>\n<li>Concept DOI (release family): <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21695160\">10.5281/zenodo.21695160</a></li>\n<li>Version DOI (this immutable archive): <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21695161\">10.5281/zenodo.21695161</a></li>\n<li>Zenodo record: <a href=\"https://zenodo.org/records/21695161\">https://zenodo.org/records/21695161</a></li>\n<li>PDF SHA-256: <code>24fa25a4f29affcfd92c8c001ff6487a0c36960c6b4f38ed4419984fc8743cbf</code></li>\n</ul>\n<p>The uploaded PDF, exact tag-derived source archive, release manifest, renderer provenance, and final review receipt make the release auditable. The evidence boundary remains finite, scenario-specific simulation rather than a universal theorem or deployment claim.</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "multiple testing",
        "false discovery rate",
        "Benjamini-Hochberg",
        "statistical power",
        "active inference",
        "pymdp",
        "sequential hypothesis testing",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "In the configured design, FWER-oriented procedures reached power 0.315–0.321 while FDR-oriented procedures reached 0.430–0.749, framed as the expected trade-off, not dominance.",
        "Storey's paired power gain over BH was about 0.073, which the paper stresses is an operating-characteristic comparison, not a validity certificate.",
        "Under weak evidence the posterior-threshold policy had FDR 0.153 and FWER 0.366, while the calibrated BH policy made no rejections, illustrating a calibration gap.",
        "Across the dependence grid, BH estimates stayed within the finite-simulation band and BY stayed more conservative; the paper states this is not a new PRDS proof.",
        "The paper concludes power numbers should not be carried into a new design; adaptive actions change data path, cost and evidence contract together."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Power estimated as an operating characteristic of an investigator-declared design — Defines power over replications of a declared model/process/setting/policy design, scoring traces against evaluator-only hidden truth.",
        "Seeded Monte Carlo comparison of 9 FWER/FDR correction procedures — Compares Bonferroni, Šidák, Holm, Hochberg, BH, BY, Storey, adaptive BH and weighted BH on a seeded two-groups design with MC SE bands.",
        "Dependence-regime stress grid for BH and BY — Evaluates BH and BY FDR and power under negative equicorrelation, independence, positive-factor and block covariance regimes.",
        "Discrete-state active-inference agent: posterior threshold vs BH on calibrated p-values — Runs identical streams through a posterior-threshold decision and a BH-calibrated evidence rule under strong and weak evidence regimes.",
        "Action-in-the-loop policies with sensing reliability, cost and stopping — Compares fixed-horizon, posterior-cutoff, information-gain, cost-aware, posterior-sampling and e-process stopping policies in a synthetic action loop."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ActiveInferencePower/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ActiveInferencePower/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026WitnessRegisterCoRegistration200": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026WitnessRegisterCoRegistration200",
      "abstract": "A shared register that co-registers independent instruments' report envelopes without aggregating them. It stores each report's envelope verbatim, records cross-instrument relations as separate describing records, keeps history append-only and sealed, and — only when asked, for one declared next use — emits a bounded posture that always points back at the state that earned it. It never parses, compares, ranks, averages, or merges any instrument's native status. Subtitle: A shared register for line report envelopes that never ranks, merges, or overrides the instruments it holds Code is MIT licensed; prose and figures are CC BY 4.0. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "co-registration",
        "append-only log",
        "provenance",
        "non-compensatory decision rules",
        "boundary objects",
        "research infrastructure",
        "open science"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On four real envelopes describing different subjects, chain verification was clean, return recoverability and relation fidelity were 1.0, and the posture was held at 0.",
        "In the same-subject example, meeting the return contract lifted only the return_due hold, and the posture stayed at 0 because one open question entered as an unresolved dependency.",
        "A non-compensatory block forced -1 both alone and under fifty AGREES relations; an empty register was -1.",
        "Every battery check passed on the real register, and every case raised BatteryError when its observed behaviour was deliberately falsified.",
        "The author states limits: the chain tip is unbound without an external anchor, intake is a shape check not a truth check, and examples cover one date and nine constructed states."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "witness_register Python package with shape-check intake of envelopes — A small Python package with no line-package imports accepts line.report-envelope/1.0 JSON envelopes by value after a schema shape check, storing native_status verbatim.",
        "SHA-256 sealed, prior_ref-chained append-only witness states — Each state is sealed by SHA-256 over canonical JSON and chained to its predecessor; the prior seal is re-derived before extension so tampering fails closed.",
        "Non-compensatory -1/0/+1 projection with fixed precedence rules — For a declared next use, a bounded posture is computed from relation records only: unresolved block forces -1, empty state is -1, any hold caps at 0.",
        "Formal definitions and propositions bound to named tests — Definitions and propositions (append-only, non-compensatory, determinism, etc.) are each bound to a named test in the package's test suite.",
        "3x3 canonical witness battery with falsification pass; real envelopes — Nine constructed cases (positive, negative, adversarial) are run against the projection, with planted errors to confirm checks can fail; worked examples use real envelopes from four lines."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_WitnessRegister/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_WitnessRegister/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026LineSetHoldingInstruments201": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026LineSetHoldingInstruments201",
      "abstract": "A thin reader that declares what a set of small evaluative instruments is, reads whichever sibling packages are installed, and checks one narrow property: that no two of them have given the same spelling to different things. It adds no instrument of its own and computes no aggregate; a legible reading says only that the declared vocabularies did not overlap. Subtitle: A Declaration, a Reader, and a Non-Overlap Contract for a Growing Set of Small Instruments Code is MIT licensed; prose and figures are CC BY 4.0. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "modularity",
        "information hiding",
        "separation of concerns",
        "boundary objects",
        "namespace collision",
        "declarative registry",
        "reproducible review",
        "open science"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On the review date the four packages yielded 81 line-and-name pairs spanning 80 distinct names, and the only shared name was the already-declared, disambiguated one.",
        "The single shared name was OUTSIDE_SCOPE, carried by red_line and black_line.",
        "Appending a fifth line whose package is not installed yielded SET_PARTIAL, which the author argues is the correct answer rather than a shortfall.",
        "The author stresses that disjoint vocabularies are a necessary, not sufficient, condition: the check cannot detect conceptual overlap between instruments.",
        "The paper states the set digest is a comparison handle only, not tamper evidence or a record of who changed what."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Declarative set registry: four LineEntry records plus one shared token — Declares the set (Red, Black, Golden, White Line) as data, each entry naming its question, job, and what it must not become.",
        "Five-stage reader with fixed-precedence set statuses — Reads installed sibling packages through resolve, bind, collide, declare and status stages, returning one of four SET_-prefixed readings.",
        "Enum-member name collision check across sibling package roots — Collects enum member names each line publishes at its package root and flags any name carried by more than one line, unless declared and disambiguated.",
        "Seven offline structural checks plus a self-application check — Runs seven declaration-only checks and an eighth that applies the package's own collision check to a declaration including itself.",
        "Executed extensibility example appending a fifth colour at runtime — Appends a hypothetical green_line entry without editing the package and runs the battery and reader on the extended declaration."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_LineSet/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_LineSet/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026WhiteLineTypedLedger202": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026WhiteLineTypedLedger202",
      "abstract": "A typed ledger for absence: epistemic gaps, ethical restraint, and contemplative negative space. It records what is missing, withheld, or unresolved under a total caution order, decays stale namings past their review horizons, and refuses to infer why anything is absent. Withholding is recorded as a boundary, never mined as missing evidence. Subtitle: Keeping missing evidence, ethical boundaries, and open questions from becoming unsupported claims Code is MIT licensed; prose and figures are CC BY 4.0. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "absence",
        "epistemic gaps",
        "missing evidence",
        "withheld material",
        "uncertainty",
        "negative results",
        "research ethics",
        "open science"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Under the stated contract, no input can make an absence appear more settled than its most cautious observer reported (caution monotonicity).",
        "In a worked seven-input example with careless and adversarial inputs, intake logged five typed events and the tally was NAMED 0, UNRESOLVED 1, WITHHELD 1, NOT_RECORDED 9.",
        "A positive-control battery shows every intake code can fire, so zero rows in a tally mean untriggered rather than unreachable; it shows reachability only.",
        "The defect battery establishes detection of the planted defects only, not the absence of every possible structural fault.",
        "The author stresses the registry's finiteness: absences outside its eleven categories are not tracked, and extending it requires human judgment."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Pure-data Python package: 11-record registry + assess_absence evaluator — The instrument is a small Python package holding a versioned registry of eleven absence records and a staged evaluator, presented as a tested prototype.",
        "Typology of three absence kinds and four ledger states — Records are typed EPISTEMIC, ETHICAL or CONTEMPLATIVE, and observations assign NAMED, UNRESOLVED, WITHHELD or ledger-reserved NOT_RECORDED.",
        "Staged intake/matching/scoring with caution order and staleness decay — Intake screens inputs with typed events, conflicting observers resolve to the more cautious state, and dated NAMED entries decay past their review horizon.",
        "Formal definitions/propositions each bound to a named test — The evaluator is restated as definitions and propositions, and a table maps each to the test that exercises it, checked by tests/test_formalism.py.",
        "Planted-defect battery for six structural invariants — For each of six registry invariants, a registry carrying exactly that defect is constructed to show the check rejects it while passing the real registry."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_WhiteLine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_WhiteLine/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026PersonalRedLinesDevelopment203": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026PersonalRedLinesDevelopment203",
      "abstract": "A versioned, evidence-gated personal security boundary and explicit No document for dual-use development work. It requires a complete, reviewable action intake before returning compliance, distinguishes outside-scope work from compliance, and records uncertainty as a blocking result rather than a permission. It is a personal auditability aid, not enforcement, legal compliance, semantic safety classification, or external certification. Subtitle: An Evidence-Gated Personal Security Boundary and Explicit No Document for Dual-Use Development Code is MIT licensed; prose and figures are CC BY 4.0. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "red lines",
        "AI governance",
        "dual-use",
        "cognitive security",
        "hash-based canary",
        "precommitment",
        "open science",
        "personal governance",
        "global political thought",
        "research ethics",
        "sociotechnical systems"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Every intake is classified into one of five categories; missing, self-asserted, unverified, stale or contradicted context cannot produce COMPLIANT.",
        "Degrading any one of the nine intake dimensions withdrew a compliant result in all 45 executed evaluations; an ALL-mode exemption stayed unreachable by a single token across 58 more.",
        "All five classifications were reached by the fixture battery, but the fixtures are not evidence that any real engagement was reviewed, safe or lawful.",
        "The author states decisive limitations: local evidence is not independent truth verification, lexical matching is not semantic understanding, and code is not enforcement.",
        "The evaluator's visible boundary is a 34-word scope vocabulary, so OUTSIDE_SCOPE is a bounded registry statement rather than a safety claim."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Versioned machine-readable registry of seven first-person refusals — The author's seven red lines are recorded as a versioned registry that a proposed engagement is checked against via a strict intake gate.",
        "Nine-dimension evidence-gated ActionContext intake — Each intake must carry a VERIFIED evidence record for nine dimensions (purpose, end use, affected parties, provenance, legal basis, etc.) before policy matching.",
        "Adaptation of Turner's government AI red-line framework — Turner's organization-to-government red line and oversight framework serves as mechanism source, adapted to one practitioner without importing its authority.",
        "Deterministic registry hashing and canary attestation — Durability is implemented as hashing of canonical registry content and a canary that detects drift only against a prior copy held outside the writer's control.",
        "Five-fixture outcome-coverage battery through the real evaluator — A harness runs five ProposedAction fixtures, one per classification, through evaluate_action against the live registry at a fixed review date."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_PersonalRedLines/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_PersonalRedLines/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026GoldenLineTowardWhat204": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026GoldenLineTowardWhat204",
      "abstract": "A directional instrument for recording long-horizon aspirations and observable movement toward them. It returns one of four directional readings per aspiration against a versioned registry and deliberately computes no aggregate: there is no virtue score, and NOT_OBSERVED means no valid entry was admitted rather than that nobody looked. Subtitle: An Aspirational Thread for Long-Horizon Work Code is MIT licensed; prose and figures are CC BY 4.0. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "aspiration",
        "long-horizon work",
        "directional assessment",
        "values in practice",
        "research ethics",
        "open science",
        "non-compensatory reading"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Counter-signal precedence: any recorded declared counter-signal yields DRIFTING regardless of how many markers were observed or staleness.",
        "TOWARD requires every declared marker and no counter-signal; there is no partial credit, so all-but-one marker reads the same as none.",
        "Stale or date-unauditable fully-marked observations yield INQUIRY rather than DRIFTING; the currentness sweep shows an exclusive boundary (current at 90, stale at 91 days).",
        "The shipped registry declares 18 markers and 9 counter-signals, all distinct; the paper stresses this counts vocabulary, not fulfilment.",
        "The author acknowledges the instrument does not handle the adversarial case: an observer can file the tokens that produce a TOWARD."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Python package with a versioned nine-entry aspiration registry — Each aspiration pairs a thread and horizon with lists of Markers (signs of movement toward) and Counter-signals (signs of movement away).",
        "Staged progress_report evaluator (intake, matching, decision) — Horizon entries are screened and normalized, matched against declared markers/counter-signals, and mapped to TOWARD, INQUIRY, DRIFTING, or NOT_OBSERVED without numeric scores.",
        "Formal definitions and propositions bound to named tests — The evaluator's decision rule is restated as definitions and propositions matching the code, each tied to a test, plus seven structural invariants with planted-bad detection tests.",
        "Descriptive analysis helpers and code-derived figures — Pure read-only helpers (signal_inventory, horizon_distribution, temporal_currentness_sweep, report_overview) generate figures, several replaying the evaluator on synthetic entries.",
        "Scholarship lineage for the founding aspirations — Situates the four founding aspirations in a lineage from practical wisdom and practice-internal goods through capabilities, repair, commons governance, and metric hazards."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_GoldenLine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_GoldenLine/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026BlackLineStrongWork205": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026BlackLineStrongWork205",
      "abstract": "A positive practice instrument for concise, inspectable, revisable work. It reads self-declared tags and evidence labels against a versioned practice registry and returns one of four statuses over declaration coverage. It measures whether the evidence a practice asks for was declared — never whether the work is true, good, or permitted; an ALIGNED reading authorizes nothing. Subtitle: A Positive Operating Discipline for Concise, Rigorous Research and Engineering Code is MIT licensed; prose and figures are CC BY 4.0. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "research practice",
        "declaration coverage",
        "evidence discipline",
        "scientific integrity",
        "reproducibility",
        "open science",
        "engineering practice"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "An ALIGNED status only means every required label for each applicable practice was declared fresh, never that a source is real or a claim true.",
        "Label-stuffing works: a research-tagged attempt declaring all 22 vocabulary labels with no artifacts returns ALIGNED.",
        "Coverage is asymmetric: 27 of the 55 tag-practice cells are applicable, computed directly from the registry.",
        "Seeded permutation sweeps confirm that once a declaration is non-empty the status never regresses, with the empty declaration as the intentional exception.",
        "The author makes a design and implementation claim only; no user study or outcome comparison was run."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Versioned registry of eleven practices with coarse evidence labels — Encodes practices such as question-first framing, source traceability, and clean reruns as 'wires', each with reviewed tags and required evidence labels.",
        "Staged evaluate_work evaluator returning four statuses — Validates configuration and registry, then runs intake normalization, freshness partition, tag matching, and scoring to return ALIGNED, NEEDS_EVIDENCE, NEEDS_REWORK, or OUTSIDE_SCOPE.",
        "Structural invariants tested against planted-bad registries — Seven invariants check the registry's own shape, each demonstrated firing on a deliberately broken registry rather than only passing on the real one.",
        "Executed adversarial declarations against the real evaluator — Runs label-stuffing, tag-minimization, and refresh-date laundering attacks to show how self-declared inputs can game the status.",
        "Three claim classes with distinct evidentiary burdens — Separates implementation, methodological, and world/authority claims so that tests or citations do not silently change the type of claim made."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_BlackLine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_BlackLine/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CodomyrmexArtificialEcologyAgentic206": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CodomyrmexArtificialEcologyAgentic206",
      "abstract": "Agentic software can preserve task state while still forgetting the consequences of prior actions. Codomyrmex studies a narrow control-plane question: after a caller reports a failed action at one software location, can the system deterministically increase friction for a materially similar proposal at that location without changing an unrelated target? Its Colony Control Plane records consequence reports and couples them to target-indexed signal pressure, agent trust, role labels, resource accounting, adversarial checks, and an explicit EXECUTE/HOLD/REFUSE gate. The implementation comprises 8 cooperating subsystems. The ordinary Model Context Protocol path remains caller-reported and unattested. Optional and required `ColonyKernel` attestation modes instead bind proposal, verdict, authorization, execution receipt, and outcome in a signed, hash-linked local ledger. That ledger protects lifecycle linkage but does not independently observe external actuation or establish deployment safety. Consequence records can use file-backed SQLite; the default MCP kernel and signal field remain process-local. Evaluation is limited to implementation properties and controlled fixtures. At composition time, the scoped Colony Kernel surface contains 819 passing tests with 76.6% branch coverage, 0 Ruff errors, and 0 ty diagnostics. A paired deterministic replay moves the same-target proposal from 0.875/EXECUTE to 0.725/HOLD after a reported failure while leaving an unrelated target unchanged. Separate fixtures exercise trust promotion, bounded arithmetic, linear signal decay, local attestation integrity, and interface behavior. These results support reproducible software contracts, not ecological optimality, calibrated risk, production harm reduction, or generalization to external workloads. The report contributes the typed control plane, transparent gate, coupled local feedback, authenticated local lifecycle option, and source-bound publication workflow. Generated variables, figures, citations, claim boundaries, and release receipts tie the rendered report to the evaluated checkout. End-to-end external-actuation attestation, restart-persistent field storage, representative benchmarks, and independent deployment validation remain open.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.3.0-paper (https://github.com/docxology/codomyrmex/releases/tag/v1.3.0-paper)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21750801\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21750801\nPDF SHA-256: eda76ad12a50bce01b113894c785e0915b6ba367f5bf67d17c8f586416102b93\\nConcept DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21750800\\nVersion DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21750801",
      "keywords": [
        "ai-agents",
        "model-context-protocol",
        "mcp",
        "multi-agent",
        "orchestration",
        "colony-control-plane",
        "stigmergy",
        "artificial-ecology",
        "agentic-software-engineering",
        "falsification-worker",
        "actuation-gate",
        "trust-scoring"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The scoped Colony Kernel surface has 819 passing tests with 76.6% branch coverage, 0 Ruff errors, and 0 ty diagnostics.",
        "After a reported failure, the paired replay moves the same-target proposal from 0.875/EXECUTE to 0.725/HOLD while an unrelated target is unchanged.",
        "The author states these results support reproducible software contracts, not ecological optimality, calibrated risk, production harm reduction, or generalization to external workloads.",
        "The proposed comparative benchmark has not been run, and no raw trial traces are included in this release.",
        "Default state is in memory, so the artifact does not support claims that pressure, trust, or gate state survive process restarts, model swaps, or deployment across machines."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Colony Control Plane with 8 named subsystems — The implementation separates signal storage, resource accounting, actuation gating, consequence records, role inference, pruning, deterministic falsification, and integration.",
        "Ternary EXECUTE/HOLD/REFUSE gate with weighted bounded score — Budget, effective local hazard, trust credit, and proposal completeness are combined into a weighted score with hard overrides that route each proposal.",
        "Stigmergic signal field with FAILURE and RISK pressure at target locations — Reported failures and prospective risks are stored separately in a process-local field, and the gate uses their maximum as the local hazard.",
        "Contract test suite using real subsystem instances — Tests check same-target inhibition, cross-target isolation, linear decay recovery, score bounds, trust updates, and interface behavior.",
        "Paired deterministic replay of same-target vs. unrelated-target proposals — Identical proposals are evaluated with and without a reported failure at the target location to test failure-to-gate coupling."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_Codomyrmex/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_Codomyrmex/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026THALIATypedHarnessAnalytical207": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026THALIATypedHarnessAnalytical207",
      "abstract": "THALIA is an executable research harness for long-context memory systems. It combines typed stage contracts, inspectable context selection, evidence-preserving episodic state, lexical-first retrieval, and bounded compiler search with source-bound evaluation and reproducible artifact checks. The deterministic results are finite diagnostic evidence; model-quality, integrity-advantage, and production-readiness claims remain separately gated.",
      "keywords": [
        "agentic systems",
        "long-context memory",
        "retrieval-augmented generation",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On the fixed 6-example diagnostic set the default configuration reaches composite 0.621 (token-F1 0.477, citation-support proxy 0.830, efficiency 0.854).",
        "The 8-candidate compiler search ties on this easy set, so configuration improvement is unobserved; its main output is an auditable trace with a tie rule.",
        "Replacing the extractive Reasoner with gemma3:4b changed mean token-F1 from 0.587 to 0.540 in the 24-example comparison, with an interval spanning zero.",
        "In the 40-question bottleneck slice, ranking recall is 1.00 but Inspector recall is 0.60; an adaptive context policy raised neural token-F1 from 0.086 to 0.171.",
        "The author reports operational provenance as the clearest advantage, with equality on poisoning and no general answer-quality advantage."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Five-stage typed pipeline: Inspector, Retriever, Reasoner, Memory Gate, Compiler — Implements a long-context memory harness where each stage has a typed input/output contract, runnable implementation, evidence trace and declared scope.",
        "Offline lexical/hashing retrieval fused by weighted reciprocal-rank fusion — The deterministic core uses BM25/grep, hashing-based retrieval, weighted RRF, real SQLite state and bounded MIPRO/GEPA-style configuration search without network calls.",
        "Episodic-first memory: raw episodes appended before gated consolidation — The Memory Gate appends each raw turn to state before evaluating a derived memory delta, preserving source material for auditing.",
        "Tiered evaluation on LongMemEval-style, local, and LongMemEval_S slices — Evaluates a fixed 6-example diagnostic set, a 24-example local comparison with gemma3:4b, an external LongMemEval_S transfer slice, and a 40-question bottleneck slice.",
        "Injection and poisoning probes of cited excerpts — Recorded injection probes test whether cited excerpts contain a supplied gold value and measure a poisoning effect, as negative controls."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_THALIA/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_THALIA/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026PROJECTBONDSpecialAgent208": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026PROJECTBONDSpecialAgent208",
      "abstract": "PROJECT BOND is a fleet of 33 independent software packages — 27 film packages, one per James Bond motion picture, plus 6 mission-infrastructure packages (a Q-branch utilities layer, a frozen mission protocol, mission control, an orchestrator, a front-door CLI, and fleet operations). Each film package implements, as real tested algorithms, the concepts of its film: radiation forensics for Dr. No, gold-market cornering for Goldfinger, orbital-EMP modeling for GoldenEye, DNA-targeted bioweapon countermeasure modeling for No Time to Die.\n\nThe public source repository for the suite and this manuscript is\nhttps://github.com/docxology/bond. The repository will carry the source\nhistory, reproducibility instructions, generated release artifacts, and the\ncross-linked Zenodo record for this publication.\n\nThis compendium is the wrapper manuscript for the whole suite. It does not re-derive the packages' content by hand; it imports each of the 33 package manuscripts in full — every package's abstract, every authored section (introduction, methodology, results, conclusion, experimental setup, reproducibility, and scope), and its figures — framing them with this abstract, a generated suite-architecture chapter, and a closing synthesis. A unified bibliography merges every package's references into a single references.bib, and the combined PDF carries all 27 film chapters and 6 infrastructure chapters in their entirety.\n\nThe suite is \"special-agent material\" by construction: deterministic, no-mock, ≥90%-coverage-tested packages; provenance on every mission outcome; a frozen protocol every film implements; and cross-film missions (OPERATION OMNIBUS) executed over the real packages.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: PROJECT BOND v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/bond/releases/tag/v1.0.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21843802\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21843802\nPDF SHA-256: 72634276f9a90f1318be80ff0ece561ace2ead85559d2c05a11b86915e61fa0e",
      "keywords": [
        "software suite",
        "special agent operations",
        "James Bond",
        "reproducible research",
        "mission protocol",
        "compendium"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The aggregate gate ran pytest with a 90% coverage floor over the fleet and the compendium: 33 rows measured, all passing.",
        "Run over deterministic reference providers, the cross-film mission OPERATION_OMNIBUS executed 6 plan steps (goldfinger, goldeneye, no_time_to_die) and closed with an all-verdicts PASS.",
        "Two independent fresh runs of OPERATION_OMNIBUS produced byte-identical reports, manifests, checkpoints, outcomes and provenance files.",
        "An interrupted run resumed from its last completed step and produced a report byte-identical to a fresh run.",
        "In the Dr. No (CRAB KEY) package's deterministic scenario, both injected isotopes were recovered among the top identifications."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "33-package software fleet: 27 film packages plus 6 infrastructure packages — Each James Bond film gets a standalone package implementing its concepts as tested algorithms; six packages supply shared utilities, protocol, control, orchestration, CLI and ops.",
        "Clean-copied template scaffold with a shared quality bar — One template_code_project scaffold was copied into 33 packages, each with deterministic cores, no mocks, and >=90% line+branch coverage.",
        "Frozen MissionProvider protocol (brief/recon/plan/execute/debrief) — bond-api freezes a five-phase mission contract that every film package implements and the orchestrator discovers.",
        "Generated compendium importing each package's full manuscript — A script imports and token-hydrates every package manuscript, figures and references into one combined PDF and unified bibliography.",
        "Example film model (Dr. No): gamma-spectrum ID, Gaussian plume, threat bands — The CRAB KEY chapter couples isotope identification on a 10-isotope line library, Pasquill-Gifford plume dispersion and a 5-band island threat assessor."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_PROJECTBONDSpecial/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_PROJECTBONDSpecial/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DigiPPPiPDigitalPartnerPen209": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DigiPPPiPDigitalPartnerPen209",
      "abstract": "DigiPPPiP extends Partner Pen Play in Parallel (PPPiP) from a co-present paper practice into a reproducible framework for cyberphysical, remote, semisynchronous, asynchronous, accessible, and place-responsive dyadic drawing . The framework is positioned within collaborative-work studies of shared drawing surfaces , cyber-physical-social systems , mediated embodiment and presence , digital intimacy technologies , and cautious hyperscanning methodology .\n\nThe manuscript translates the project brief into a modular research artifact: 9 temporal-spatial modalities, 13 evidence dimensions, 6 planned outcome measures, and 39 conceptual figures are generated or registered by the project code rather than hand-maintained prose. The computational layer is explicitly illustrative, not empirical: the active-inference, inter-brain-synchrony, Forman-Ricci, narrative-information, source-quality, accessibility, and neuroergonomic outputs are deterministic conceptual models designed to make theoretical commitments inspectable. Formal equations are consolidated in  so the main line can state evidence boundaries before presenting mathematical detail.\n\nThe argument is that DigiPPPiP should be treated as human-human relational technology. Its irreducible design kernel is modest: two partners, a shared mark field, perceptible traces of agency, a temporal relation among contributions, and consentful control over persistence. Digital infrastructure expands the substrate of shared mark-making without replacing the second-person, embodied, narrative, and affective conditions that make the practice relationally meaningful . The manuscript explicitly avoids claims that DigiPPPiP is clinically therapeutic, universally accessible, or causally validated by neural synchrony; those remain empirical questions for controlled studies. Cross-references use Pandoc labels, so sections, equations, figures, and tables remain automatically numbered across PDF and web render targets.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v1.0.0 (https://github.com/docxology/Digi-PPPiP/releases/tag/v1.0.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21815704\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/21815704\nPDF SHA-256: f5ca95ce77c7c5367c0a0e68d5b4a640f0865b4c2b0827fa78ff1babbcbd986d",
      "keywords": [
        "partner pen play in parallel",
        "active inference",
        "inter-brain synchrony",
        "geometric hyperscanning",
        "narrative information theory",
        "neuroergonomics",
        "digital placemaking",
        "relational technology",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The authors identify a modest irreducible design kernel: two partners, a shared mark field, perceptible agency traces, a temporal relation among contributions, and consentful persistence control.",
        "The stated contribution is reframing PPPiP as a reproducible, partner-centered research program, not the existence of digital co-drawing.",
        "The authors argue active inference does explanatory work for a study only if it maps interface events to observations, defines partner-relevant policies, and distinguishes reciprocal updating from shared-stimulus effects.",
        "The paper explicitly disclaims that DigiPPPiP is clinically therapeutic, universally accessible, or causally validated by neural synchrony, leaving these to controlled studies."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Three-by-three temporal-spatial taxonomy of dyadic drawing — Organizes study design by 3 temporal modes and 3 spatial configurations into 9 modality cells, generated by project code (src/taxonomy.py).",
        "Code-generated research artifact (modalities, dimensions, figures) — The manuscript's 9 modalities, 13 evidence dimensions, 6 outcome measures, and 39 conceptual figures are generated or registered by project code.",
        "Illustrative deterministic conceptual models (active inference etc.) — Active-inference, inter-brain-synchrony, Forman-Ricci, and other outputs are deterministic toy models meant to make theory inspectable, not empirical.",
        "Event-logging and governance protocol specification — Specifies timestamped actor/action/channel event rows, separated from the visible canvas, with consent and governance requirements; the example trace is illustrative.",
        "Dementia-care worked case study as boundary test — A single dementia-care case is used to stress-test the framework's assumptions, explicitly not as evidence of efficacy."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DigiPPPiP/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DigiPPPiP/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026RobustBeliefSharingFederated210": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026RobustBeliefSharingFederated210",
      "abstract": "Multi-agent active inference gives a natural account of belief sharing: agents hold local posteriors over a shared latent state, communicate those beliefs, and pool them into a colony-level consensus. The same mechanism is fragile when a member is miscalibrated, corrupted, or strategically wrong. Because the standard pool multiplies the reports together, a single confident-but-wrong broadcast that puts near-zero mass on the true state can pull the whole consensus off it, outweighing many honest members. The colony therefore needs a way to preserve the useful structure of belief sharing while limiting the influence of contaminated beliefs. This paper presents Active Fedference, a discrete-categorical framework that connects robust federated generalized variational inference with active inference belief sharing. The main bridge is structural: standard belief sharing appears as the non-robust corner of a broader generalized-Bayes family, while robust losses, conservative server fusion, and explicit aggregation diagnostics describe how the system moves away from that corner under declared contamination mechanisms. The result is not a replacement for belief sharing, but a containment result: ordinary belief sharing is recovered when robustness is turned off. Bounded-loss theory applies on the client axis, while the variational-server axis supplies an objective-backed redescending weight update. The manuscript separates three robustness axes that are often conflated. First, client-side generalized-Bayes updates change how each agent absorbs evidence; this is the rigorous axis, carrying FedGVI’s bounded-influence result only under the source theorem’s loss, model, and contamination assumptions. Second, a sharp server-side reweighting heuristic suppresses beliefs that pull away from the emerging consensus, while carrying only its recovery-limit guarantee — no proven objective and no bounded-influence bound. Third, a variational aggregation rule supplies a more conservative objective-backed server alternative, with a raw effective-weight bound but not an estimator-level bounded-influence proof for the normalized consensus. Keeping these axes separate lets the paper state exactly which claims are proven, which are empirical, and which remain engineering extensions. The study suite then exercises the framework as an end-to-end research system: recovery checks anchor the standard-Bayes limit, belief-sharing studies verify the communication baseline, contamination experiments test robust consensus, and extension studies probe moving agents, hierarchical latent structure, sensitivity to acuity and colony size, parameter recovery, and single-host socket-backed federation traces. All reported quantities are generated from deterministic analysis artifacts and injected into the manuscript by token, so the paper, figures, release package, and validation reports remain tied to the same execution record. The open-source repository is ActiveInferenceInstitute/Active_Fedference . The production Zenodo release DOI is 10.5281/zenodo.21864004, and the repository and deposited PDF point to each other through this DOI and the repository URL.",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "federated learning",
        "generalised variational inference",
        "belief sharing",
        "robustness",
        "FedGVI"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Recovery contract: KL/NLL client limits recover closed-form Bayes and the zero-robustness server branch recovers the log-linear pool, with maximum deviations of 5.55e-17 and 0.",
        "Across 960 paired trials at the verdict contamination rate, the headline robust method (RKL) reached accuracy 0.9867 versus 0.9021 for the naive pool.",
        "The server heuristic is regime-dependent: at the most severe swept rate the best robust mean reached 0.9880 versus 0.6928 for the standard pool, an operating-point contrast only.",
        "In a disjoint-observation extension, communicating agents (0.493) outperformed isolated agents (0.326) across 128 seeds, framed as evidence for that configuration only.",
        "The authors state the evidence does not establish universal Byzantine tolerance, truth recovery, calibration, or an optimal robustness parameter."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Discrete-categorical NumPy/SciPy reimplementation of FedGVI primitives — FedGVI generalized-Bayes primitives (divergences, bounded losses, generalized posterior, cavity algebra, robust aggregation) were reimplemented for categorical beliefs.",
        "Three-step federation protocol: local update, broadcast, server fusion — Agents form generalized-Bayes posteriors against their cavity, broadcast them, and a server fuses them, with each agent's heard consensus excluding its own message.",
        "Server rules: sharp reweighting heuristic and variational aggregate — Two server aggregators are compared: a divergence-reweighting heuristic and an objective-backed variational_aggregate derived from an aggregation free energy.",
        "Paired Wilcoxon tests with BH-FDR and bootstrap CIs over 960 trials — Robust-vs-naive contrasts under contamination use matched-pairs Wilcoxon signed-rank tests deflated with Benjamini-Hochberg FDR and bootstrap confidence intervals.",
        "Simulation study suite on a 7-agent, 9-location sentinel POMDP — Studies run on a fixed ensemble of 7 agents sharing a 9-location factor (seed 0), plus acuity recovery, disjoint-observation and MLP-transfer extensions."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_RobustBeliefSharing/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_RobustBeliefSharing/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "theoretical"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ActiveSkillferenceValidatedPrerequisite211": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ActiveSkillferenceValidatedPrerequisite211",
      "abstract": "Active Inference and the Free Energy Principle (FEP) provide model-based accounts of belief updating, learning, and action under uncertainty. We present Active Skillference, a provenance-bound curriculum-generation and SkillTree-export system for teaching those formal ideas. The paper evaluates structural validity, quantitative provenance, citation-role coverage, and artifact reproducibility; it does not evaluate learner outcomes, establish a new theory of Active Inference, or present an intelligent tutoring system. The curriculum is expressed as code: a typed, validated directed acyclic graph of 630 skills across 111 subjects spanning all 8 strata (mathematics -> probability -> information theory -> variational methods -> the FEP -> active inference -> computation -> applications), connected by 1199 prerequisite edges with a maximum dependency depth of 75 (of which the substantive concept chain accounts for 33; the remaining depth is per-stratum review and mastery sequencing rather than conceptual prerequisite, as the methodology details). Its defining feature is content-provenance binding: every quantitative value shown to a learner is produced by a tested computational kernel and inserted through a typed claim token, never hand-typed, and the build refuses to export if a claim is unbacked or if a bare result number appears in learner prose, manuscript prose, or correct numeric quiz answers. The contribution is therefore a systems and curriculum-infrastructure artifact: it makes a formal subject inspectable and deliverable, but does not claim that the resulting path is optimal for every learner. The validated graph exports directly into SkillTree’s data model (Project -> Subjects -> Skills with learning-path dependencies and quiz-gated completion), includes a scripted REST seeding path for a configured instance, and is mirrored by a local dashboard that exposes generated artifacts, figures, claim ledgers, scholarship audits, and graph diagnostics without taking ownership of learner progress or scoring from SkillTree. The result is a curriculum with a validator-backed artifact chain: re-running the kernels regenerates the claim ledger, figures, manuscript variables, SkillTree export, and learner-facing numbers, so the platform’s teaching claims remain bounded by what the code, citations, validators, and documented limitations actually support.",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "free energy principle",
        "variational inference",
        "Bayesian inference",
        "information theory",
        "curriculum",
        "prerequisite graph",
        "SkillTree",
        "computational provenance",
        "micro-learning",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The graph connects 630 skills in 111 subjects by 1199 prerequisite edges with maximum dependency depth 75, of which the substantive concept chain accounts for 33.",
        "Reports a bounded engineering result: a contested formal subject can be represented as an inspectable prerequisite graph whose contracts are checked separately.",
        "States these are properties of the build, not evidence that the chosen order is optimal for learners or that the framework is empirically confirmed.",
        "Positions the release as a candidate foundation for a later adaptive study, not an adaptive system, with SkillTree owning progress and scoring."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Typed, validated DAG curriculum of skills across 8 Active Inference strata — Encodes the curriculum as code from mathematics through FEP and active inference to applications, with prerequisite edges validated as a DAG.",
        "Content-provenance binding via tested kernels and typed claim tokens — Learner-facing numbers come only from tested computational kernels via claim tokens; the build refuses export on unbacked claims.",
        "Export to SkillTree's Project-Subject-Skill model with REST seeding — Exports the validated graph into SkillTree with learning-path dependencies and quiz-gated completion, plus a scripted REST seeding path.",
        "Deterministic artifact evaluation of structure, provenance, citations, reproducibility — Evaluates structural validity, quantitative provenance, citation-role coverage and artifact reproducibility, explicitly not learner outcomes.",
        "Kernel-backed VFE/EFE teaching examples on small discrete models — Supplement derives model-bounded examples such as noisy-sensor posteriors, EFE policy comparison, sum-product inference and Dirichlet learning."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_ActiveSkillference/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_ActiveSkillference/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026DocxplusIntelligentDocumentContainer212": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026DocxplusIntelligentDocumentContainer212",
      "abstract": "A standards-first reference implementation of a byte-valid OOXML .docx that also carries a modular, Ed25519-signed, AES-256-GCM-encrypted intelligence layer through spec-sanctioned side-channels, with an optional bridge to the docxology/steganographer signed-packet backend.",
      "keywords": [
        "OOXML",
        "DOCX",
        "Open Packaging Conventions",
        "steganography",
        "document security",
        "reproducible research"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "In the reference dossier, all 5 modules across all 4 sealing lineages extracted and verified, and the container passed OPC conformance.",
        "Carrying a 14-file, 9-directory project tree into both .docx and .odt containers, all 18 of 18 round-trip invariants held, with byte-identical packed payloads between profiles.",
        "The round-trip harness found that packing followed symbolic links, embedding link targets such as an SSH key; symlinks are now refused by default.",
        "The chi-squared detector flags fully embedded sealed (ciphertext) carriers but does not detect unsealed low-entropy payloads at any fill rate.",
        "Fourteen adversarial review cycles closed 88 confirmed findings, and a sample-pair analysis estimator was withdrawn after proving mis-scaled by roughly an order of magnitude."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Dual-contract design: OPC/ODF surface contract plus signed intelligence manifest — A single archive is both a conforming .docx/.odt and a carrier of typed payload modules indexed by an Ed25519-signed manifest.",
        "Per-module sealing (Argon2id/Scrypt + AES-256-GCM, X25519, Shamir k-of-n, decoys) — Payloads are sealed individually rather than encrypting the whole package, with slot names bound as AES-GCM additional authenticated data.",
        "Five spec-sanctioned transport channels incl. LSB steganography — Implements custom XML parts, auxiliary package parts, custom document properties, MCE choice blocks, and LSB embedding in displayed images.",
        "Merkle-tree provenance with composite surface digest and transparency log — Signs a Merkle root over modules together with a digest of every part, content type and relationship; attestations go into a log anchored by a signed tree head.",
        "Mock-free test harness, project round-trip, chi-squared steganalysis and red-team review — Evaluated with 467 mock-free tests at a 90% coverage gate, an in-tree chi-squared LSB detector, a project round-trip harness, and 14 adversarial review cycles."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_DocxplusIntelligentDocument/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_DocxplusIntelligentDocument/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CognitiveIntegrityFrameworkComputational213": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CognitiveIntegrityFrameworkComputational213",
      "abstract": "This paper presents the computational validation of the Cognitive Integrity Framework (CIF) whose formal foundations are established in Part 1 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364119). We implement the CIF defense suite --- cognitive firewalls, belief sandboxes, tripwires, drift and anomaly scoring, trust calculus with bounded delegation, provenance tracking, and Byzantine-tolerant consensus --- and evaluate it on an integrated 1,475-item attack corpus spanning fifteen categories, together with a 120-item benign corpus whose harder half carries attack-adjacent vocabulary. Multi-tier evaluation. Real pipeline evaluation across 30 seeds yields a mean detection rate of 86.3% (95% CI 85.5%-87.1%) at an 18.5% false-positive rate on the Claude Code architecture, measured on an injection-only 100-sample-per-seed arm. LLM-backed validation (N=10, Gemma 3 4B) reaches 80-100% across two topologies and is reported as preliminary and underpowered. Colony benchmarks at 20-100 agents reach 81-100% on structured adversarial scenarios, with emergent misalignment the hardest case at 74.3% detection and a 25.5% false-positive rate. Parametric simulation (N=3,800) characterises a 96-100% design-level ceiling across four production architectures, and is labelled a simulation rather than a measurement wherever it appears. Ablation on a 100-attack corpus attributes almost all marginal detection to the Invariants module: the full pipeline reaches 89.0% true-positive rate, removing Invariants costs 65 percentage points, removing the Tripwire costs two, and removing any other module costs nothing the corpus can measure. The layered architecture is therefore only partly borne out, and the paper says so. An undefended control arm places the defense's cost at +0.610 ms at the median and +32 KiB peak. Measured as ranked scorers, the drift score and the firewall pattern matcher fall below chance (AUC 0.374 and 0.383, intervals excluding 0.5). Every quantity the three papers share is derived from a single ledger and gated in continuous integration; no reported number is typed by hand. All experiments are deterministically reproducible at seed 42, and the code, corpora and artifacts are at https://github.com/docxology/cognitive_integrity. This is Part 2 of the three-part Cognitive Security for Multiagent Operators series: - Part 1 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364119): formal foundations and theoretical analysis - Part 2 (this paper): computational validation and implementation - Part 3+4 merged (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364130): unified practitioner guidance and cross-domain applications",
      "keywords": [
        "cognitive security",
        "multiagent systems",
        "AI safety",
        "prompt injection",
        "trust calculus",
        "defense in depth"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Ablation identified the Invariants module as the highest-marginal-contribution component (delta TPR = -0.650 when removed, 73% of pipeline detection).",
        "The author reports a 9.7-11 percentage-point gap between the parametric ceiling (96-100%) and measured pipeline performance (86.3% multi-seed, 89.0% ablation).",
        "The layered defense architecture is only partly borne out: the strongest pairwise synergies were about +0.050, far below the Invariants module's contribution.",
        "Trust decay with bounded delegation prevented trust amplification, with 100% sybil detection at 0% FPR in colony-scale simulation.",
        "Emergent misalignment without explicit adversaries was the hardest colony scenario (74.3% detection, 25.5% FPR)."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Python implementation of the CIF defense suite — Cognitive firewalls, belief sandboxes, trust calculus with bounded delegation, tripwires, behavioral invariants and Byzantine-tolerant consensus were built as tested modules.",
        "Synthetic template-generated attack corpus (seed 42) — Attacks are generated by deterministic template expansion, not drawn from published benchmarks; the paper describes both a 950-item and a 1,475-item integrated version.",
        "Multi-seed pipeline evaluation and leave-one-out ablation studies — The real pipeline was run across 30 seeds on an injection-only arm, and ablations on a 100-attack corpus measured each module's marginal contribution.",
        "LLM-backed multiagent validation with Gemma 3 4B via Ollama (N=10) — A small LLM-backed arm tested Claude Code and CrewAI topologies; the author reports it as preliminary and underpowered.",
        "Colony benchmarks (20-100 agents) and parametric simulation (N=3,800) — Structured adversarial colony scenarios and a calibrated parametric simulation across four architectures characterize scale behavior and the design-level ceiling."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "cognitive security",
        "multiagent systems",
        "AI safety",
        "prompt injection",
        "trust calculus",
        "defense in depth"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrityFramework/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrityFramework/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrityFramework/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CognitiveIntegrityFrameworkPractical214": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CognitiveIntegrityFrameworkPractical214",
      "abstract": "This unified paper (originally Parts 3 and 4 of the Cognitive Security for Multiagent Operators series) combines the practitioner deployment guide with a rigorous cross-domain application of the Cognitive Integrity Framework (CIF). **Practitioner Guidance (§1–§8).** Translates the formal results of Parts 1 and 2 into accessible engineering guidance: operator posture assessment, human oversight checklists, agent security invariants, deployment configuration, risk assessment, attack scenarios, subagent hardening, incident-response playbooks, monitoring strategies, cost–benefit analysis, common pitfalls, case studies, and operator risk frameworks. **Cross-Domain Applications (§9–§10).** The CIF-AD-OODA integration model is applied to analyze Goal Hijacking across ten critical domains. Cross-domain synthesis reveals three universal attack patterns and four novel defense extensions. This is Part 3+4 of a three-part series: - Part 1 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364119): Formal foundations and theoretical analysis - Part 2 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18364128): Computational validation and implementation - Part 3+4 (this paper): Practitioner guidance and cross-domain CIF-AD-OODA applications",
      "keywords": [
        "cognitive security",
        "multiagent systems",
        "AI safety",
        "prompt injection",
        "trust calculus",
        "defense in depth"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The cross-domain analysis identifies three universal Goal Hijacking patterns, with FR Polarity Inversion the most prevalent (5 of 10 domains).",
        "All five canonical CIF mechanisms appear across the ten domains, each as a primary defense in at least three, and no domain needed mechanisms outside the CIF vocabulary.",
        "Four domains contributed proposed new defense patterns: verification channel separation, active perturbation probing, physics-informed invariants, and semiotic decoupling.",
        "Summarizing Part 2, the guide distinguishes a 96–100% parametric detection ceiling from a lower real-pipeline 30-seed mean of 86.3%.",
        "Per Part 2's colony benchmark, emergent misalignment had the lowest detection rate (74.3%) of any evaluated scenario."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "CIF-AD-OODA integration model with a five-step domain template — Combines CIF defense mechanisms, Axiomatic Design structural analysis, and the OODA loop into one model applied to Goal Hijacking via a standardized five-step template.",
        "Qualitative application across ten operational domains — Applies the model to domains including rare-earth mining, drone warfare, supply chain, biowarfare, food security, trade wars, infrastructure, and information ecosystems.",
        "Retrospective mapping of six documented 2024–2025 AI-agent incidents — Maps incidents such as the Replit agent meltdown, a GitHub Copilot RCE, and Slack AI exfiltration onto the attack-pattern taxonomy and CIF mechanisms.",
        "Practitioner synthesis of Part 1 formalism and Part 2 experiments — Restates the trust calculus, adversary hierarchy, and Part 2 detection results in accessible language with deployment recommendations; no new experiments are run here."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "cognitive security",
        "multiagent systems",
        "AI safety",
        "prompt injection",
        "trust calculus",
        "defense in depth"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrityFramework2/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrityFramework2/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_CognitiveIntegrityFramework2/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "commentary/policy"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026ForensicAuditMillenniumLeanClay215": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026ForensicAuditMillenniumLeanClay215",
      "abstract": "Statement-level forensic audit of the MillenniumLean package (AIX Global, Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.22226553), which claims kernel-checked Lean 4 proofs of the six remaining Clay Millennium Problems. The audit independently reproduces every kernel-hygiene claim (clean build, zero sorry, zero project axioms) under the pinned toolchain, then audits what the theorem types actually say. Verdict: none of the six problems is resolved.",
      "keywords": [
        "lean-4",
        "formal-verification",
        "millennium-prize-problems",
        "claim-audit",
        "adversarial-review",
        "evidence-first"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The package's kernel claims hold and reproduce exactly: clean build, zero live sorry, zero project axioms, and only standard axiom footprints.",
        "The claimed final theorems are evidentially void: conditional implications with unproved premises, definitions of the open statements, or true theorems about unrelated simple objects.",
        "The 'universalization tower' certifying Hodge, BSD and Navier-Stokes proves only that 0 < n + 1 for all naturals.",
        "Verdict: none of the six Clay problems is resolved; the audit disputes no kernel output, only what those outputs are claimed to demonstrate."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Independent kernel reproduction under the pinned Lean 4/mathlib toolchain — Rebuilt the MillenniumLean package with the exact pinned Lean toolchain and mathlib revision and re-ran its axiom report to check its kernel-hygiene claims.",
        "Statement-level binder parsing compared against official Clay statements — Parsed each claimed final theorem with a binder extractor and classified it against the official Clay problem statements as conditional, definition-only, or off-topic.",
        "Script-checked, line-anchored quotation of the package source — Verified all line-anchored quotations in the fourteen finding reports against the extracted package bytes by script, and disclosed an earlier failed draft.",
        "Test suite asserting audit facts on real package bytes — Used fifteen test files that assert audit facts against the actual package bytes without mocks."
      ],
      "concepts": [],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/2026_MillenniumAudit/README.md",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_MillenniumAudit/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_MillenniumAudit/metadata.json"
      },
      "source": "papers/2026_MillenniumAudit/README.md",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "book/report"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026SkillarumConditionallyReproducibleWebsite216": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026SkillarumConditionallyReproducibleWebsite216",
      "abstract": "<p>Skillarum turns selected public website pages into portable <code>SKILL.md</code> documents for agent harnesses such as Codex, Claude Code, and Hermes. Work is separated into five inspectable stages: acquire, prepare, process, parse, and render.</p><p>The crawler restricts acquisition to configured HTTP(S) origins, honours robots.txt, validates redirects, and records provenance for every page. Source text is delimited as untrusted data for LLM generation; generated code is never executed.</p><p>The deterministic backend is offline and source-extractive; optional OpenAI and Ollama backends provide provider generation with typed fallback traces. Rendered skills carry provenance manifests, and an evidence-gated research package aggregates run observations into descriptive statistics, figures, and a scholarly manuscript.</p><p>This release pairs the software source snapshot with the companion manuscript PDF.</p>",
      "keywords": [
        "website extraction",
        "agent skills",
        "provenance",
        "reproducibility",
        "prompt injection",
        "static compilation"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "Across 7 completed observations from 2 source profiles, the package-valid rate was 100.0%, with 0 fallback observations and 5 truncated pages.",
        "The author stresses these rates are conditional on run completion and descriptive, not an end-to-end success probability or population estimate.",
        "Source coverage was 37 of 37 page mappings, with a 95% model reference interval of 90.5% to 100.0%.",
        "Human-review agreement is pending: the report contains no rater identifiers or shared cases, so no inter-rater statistic is reported.",
        "The paper states it does not establish improved semantic quality, lower latency, complete coverage or downstream safety; these remain hypotheses."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Five-stage pipeline: acquisition, preparation, generation, parsing, rendering — Skillarum turns selected server-rendered pages into SKILL.md packages through separated stages that record page hashes, URLs, request events, provider attempts and integrity metadata.",
        "SHA-256 content-aware cache identities and provenance predicates — Defines a formal model with hashed cache identities and a provenance-completeness predicate combining package-level provenance with pagewise lineage.",
        "Interchangeable generators with deterministic default and fallback — Deterministic, OpenAI, Ollama, command and fallback generators with typed retry traces; all recorded backends in the reported runs were deterministic.",
        "Live case studies on two configured website source areas — Evaluation runs on Math 4 Wisdom and Active Inference Institute website profiles and their target bundles, alongside local fixture tests for redirects, robots, injection and caching.",
        "Clopper–Pearson reference intervals and planned weighted Cohen kappa — Reports rates with exact binomial reference intervals and a seeded bootstrap policy; human-review agreement is to use linear-weighted kappa once two raters exist."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "website extraction",
        "agent skills",
        "provenance",
        "reproducibility",
        "prompt injection",
        "static compilation"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_Skillarum/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_Skillarum/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_Skillarum/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026FractiSkillsOnePortableAgent217": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026FractiSkillsOnePortableAgent217",
      "abstract": "FractiSkills treats an entire website as a corpus of agent skills: every reachable page is normalized into a SKILL.md-style artifact so that a whole site — not a single document — becomes loadable context for an agent. The work is organized around a four-stage pipeline — discover, render, publish, research — with Skillarum  serving as the engine that turns raw crawl output into citable, receipt-bearing skill documents. Discovery unions the declared sitemap with a bounded, robots-respecting breadth-first crawl (reaching a maximum depth of 5), resolves redirect and canonical aliases, and partitions every page into site-derived sections; the render stage emits one receipt-bearing skill per page; publish and research then validate, organize, and measure the corpus.\n\nThe resulting corpus covers 405 pages from 53 sitemap URLs, organized into 12 sections and 405 skills totaling 497896 words (3887524 characters). Augmentation — a declared, same-origin document retrieval for client-rendered pages — was attempted 173 times and succeeded 169 times (1988848 document characters retrieved), with 4 failures recorded as receipts. The size effect is stark: augmented skills have a median of 1824 words versus 486 for static pages, a ratio of 3.8$\\times$. The run issued 417 network requests, all evidence origins marked live, under pipeline version 0.8 and cache version 7.\n\nReproducibility is enforced rather than promised: every statistic in this manuscript is emitted as a token that must resolve against a machine-generated data contract, and every page carries a fetch receipt — URL, timestamp, SHA-256 content hash, and augmentation status — so any number can be traced to a specific observation within the 2026-09-10T23:51:05.959201+00:00 through 2026-09-10T22:19:21.394219+00:00 (UTC) window. Failed augmentations are reported, not silently dropped. Keywords: agent skills, SKILL.md, web scraping, Skillarum, provenance, reproducible research.\n\n---\nAssociated artifacts\nGitHub release: v0.1.0 (https://github.com/docxology/FractiSkills/releases/tag/v0.1.0)\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22712651\nZenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/22712651\nPDF SHA-256: af96db3ef73bb648ddbfed92c2c4f9dff099e772ca9e9ff0041101eeb6135b4b",
      "keywords": [
        "agent skills",
        "SKILL.md",
        "web scraping",
        "Skillarum",
        "reproducible research",
        "digital art documentation",
        "provenance"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The run produced a corpus of 405 pages from 53 sitemap URLs, in 12 sections and 405 skills totaling 497896 words.",
        "Sitemap-only ingestion would have missed 88.9% of the corpus: 360 of 405 pages were found only by the crawl, including all Ship-Blog and Voyage content.",
        "Augmentation succeeded in 169 of 173 attempts, with the 4 failures recorded as receipts rather than dropped.",
        "Augmented skills had a median of 1824 words versus 486 for static pages, a 3.8x ratio.",
        "The modal BFS depth was 4, holding 53% of pages, with the deepest page at depth 5."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Four-stage discover-render-publish-research pipeline built on Skillarum v0.2.0 — Normalizes every reachable page of a website into one SKILL.md-style skill, with each stage a separately testable module.",
        "Sitemap-union-crawl discovery with canonical alias resolution — Unions the declared sitemap with a bounded, robots-respecting BFS crawl, deduplicating URLs by canonical or final post-redirect identity.",
        "Declared same-origin JSON augmentation for client-rendered pages — An AugmentedGenerator retrieves documents behind client-rendered shells from reviewed endpoints and stamps per-fetch receipts.",
        "Case study: crawl of the SS Vibelandia Omniversal Canvas website — Applies the pipeline to the SS Vibelandia site, which mixes static pages, client-rendered readers, JSON catalogs and redirect stubs.",
        "Token-bound manuscript statistics with per-page fetch receipts — Every reported statistic resolves against a generated data contract; each page carries URL, timestamp and SHA-256 hash."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "agent skills",
        "SKILL.md",
        "web scraping",
        "Skillarum",
        "reproducible research",
        "digital art documentation",
        "provenance"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_FractiSkills/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_FractiSkills/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_FractiSkills/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026AgenticSecurityOperatingSystems218": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026AgenticSecurityOperatingSystems218",
      "abstract": "AI agents now hold genuine system authority: they execute code, touch credentials, open network egress, parse hostile documents, and in many deployments initiate or approve changes to the very infrastructure they run on. This review, dated 2026-09-10, examines what that shift does to operating-system security. The primary scenario is a technically capable operator whose workstation faces both **exploitation** — an attacker compromising a browser, parser, dependency, or agent tool and then crossing a boundary — and **authorized misuse** — an attacker persuading an agent to use its existing, legitimate access to exfiltrate secrets or authorize consequential actions. The second path requires no kernel exploit at all, which reframes the evaluation: the axis of analysis is the authority a component already holds, not merely the difficulty of exploiting it. This revision (0.7.0) refreshes the evidence base through September 11, 2026. The offensive baseline expands from four primary sources to the incident record now available: the NCSC assessments of January 2024 and May 2025, the Anthropic campaign investigation of November 2025 — whose tradecraft MITRE has canonized as campaign C0062 — the August 2025 \"vibe hacking\" report and the September 2026 threat-intelligence report on credential theft, OpenAI's disruption reporting and its October 2025 counterpoint, Google GTIG's analysis of an autonomous credential-harvesting campaign, the OpenAI–Hugging Face evaluation incident of July 2026, the UK AI Security Institute's unsanctioned-behavior incident (nineteen out-of-scope actions across seven models), and DARPA's AIxCC finals, where AI systems identified and patched vulnerabilities, including real, non-synthetic ones, at measured rates. The platform reviews absorb the 2026 record: Qubes 4.3.0 (Xen 4.19, the sys-gui split, the Devices API, the salt management model, and the QSB-118 dom0 injection, CVE-2026-82636) and Nix 2.34/2.35 with its advisory chain, the removal of the hardened profiles, and 95.18 percent measured ISO reproducibility. The analysis is situated against the standards landscape — the OWASP Agentic AI Threats and Mitigations guide and the December 2025 Top 10 for Agentic Applications, CSA's MAESTRO framework, the NIST AI Agent Standards Initiative, and the CISA-led Five-Eyes adoption guidance — and against the convergent sandboxing practice of the major coding agents, which together motivate the OS-level lens this review applies. A defensive-stack matrix (24 candidates against eight mitigation classes) joins the candidate–property matrix as a second deterministic artifact. The review extends the underlying architectural assessment into three domains the source treatment only touches implicitly: **cognitive security** (the authorized-misuse surface, where persuasion substitutes for exploitation), **operator OpSec** (the practices that keep compartmentalization real under workload pressure), and **agent-orchestration security** (the boundary design of multi-agent systems themselves). Deep reviews of Qubes OS and NixOS anchor the analysis. The review ships its concepts in two forms: the prose analysis, and a harness-neutral skill library (a `skills/` registry with conformance tests, following [@cogsecskills2026]) that lets an agent harness apply the evaluation vocabulary, the authority ladder, and the other review concepts directly. The evaluation artifacts — the candidate–property matrix and the defensive-stack matrix — regenerate deterministically from pinned data modules. The work is citable via its Zenodo DOI (printed on the cover). Keywords: agentic security, operating systems, compartmentalization, capability mediation, Qubes OS, NixOS, threat modeling, cognitive security, operational security, agent orchestration, offensive AI, reproducible builds. Source and skills: https://github.com/docxology/agentic_os_security (evaluation layer, skills library, and this manuscript regenerate from pinned data modules).",
      "keywords": [
        "agentic security",
        "operating systems",
        "compartmentalization",
        "capability mediation",
        "Qubes OS",
        "NixOS",
        "cognitive security",
        "operational security",
        "agent orchestration",
        "offensive AI"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "The review argues that delegated legitimate authority, not exploit difficulty, should be the primary evaluation axis for agent-bearing systems.",
        "Across the documented agentic incidents reviewed, damage was bounded by a boundary or human gate rather than by model restraint.",
        "Qubes is judged to supply the strongest deployable compartmentalization, while NixOS supplies reproducible, auditable operations that are not by themselves confinement.",
        "The author notes that three coding-agent vendors independently converged on OS-primitive sandboxing, proxy-mediated egress, and classifier-gated escalation.",
        "The prospectus recommends capability mediation layers that make every agent tool call a checked decision made outside the agent."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Evaluation of 24 OS candidates against 9 security properties — Qubes, NixOS, hardened desktops, server platforms, privacy systems, non-Linux comparators and offensive distros are each judged on nine properties.",
        "Document-based analysis with no penetration testing and no numeric scores — Judgments draw on documented designs, advisories, and primary incident reports; the review explicitly avoids testing and composite scores.",
        "Deterministic candidate-property and defensive-stack matrices from pinned data — A companion codebase encodes the 24x9 stance matrix (strong/partial/weak/n_a) and a 24-candidate x 8-mitigation-class matrix, regenerated reproducibly.",
        "Two-path threat model: exploitation versus authorized misuse — Frames threats by the authority a component already holds, grounded in a 2024-2026 incident record (NCSC, Anthropic, AISI, OpenAI, DARPA AIxCC).",
        "Harness-neutral skill library with conformance tests — Review concepts (stance evaluation, authority ladder, delegation bound, invariants, incident taxonomy) ship as SKILL.md files indexed by a registry."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "agentic security",
        "operating systems",
        "compartmentalization",
        "capability mediation",
        "Qubes OS",
        "NixOS",
        "cognitive security",
        "operational security",
        "agent orchestration",
        "offensive AI"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_AgenticSecurityOperating/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_AgenticSecurityOperating/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_AgenticSecurityOperating/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "review"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026JevPracticeComposablePython219": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026JevPracticeComposablePython219",
      "abstract": "<p>Jev is TypeSafe's flagship <em>System One</em> decision model: instead of generating text, it answers typed questions (Choice, Score, Noul) about a state with calibrated probabilities that software can branch on directly. This work presents <code>daf-jev</code>, an open, modular, composable Python toolkit for the Jev API, together with a live-API characterization of the model. The package layers ergonomic question builders, a decision-composition library (confidence gates, tiered routing, composite scoring), a concurrent corpus evaluator, a calibration module, a CLI, an agent skill, and a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server over a thin typed client. Live benchmarks show that batching questions into one call is faster and cheaper than sequential calls (up to ~18x speedup and ~4x fewer tokens), that decision pipelines complete within the model's millisecond envelope, and that reported confidence is self-consistent across repeated evaluations. All numbers in the accompanying manuscript are generated from benchmark artifacts; the full provenance chain (hashed documentation snapshot, figure registry, validation receipts) is machine-checked.</p>",
      "keywords": [],
      "findings": [
        "Batching questions into one call gave wall-time speedups of 3.98, 8.77, and 18.55 across the configured batch widths.",
        "At the widest batch width the sequential strategy used 4.22 times the tokens of the batched call, so batching was both faster and cheaper.",
        "End-to-end decision pipelines had median wall times of 0.133 s (composite scoring) and 0.129 s (intent routing).",
        "Under a self-consistency proxy, the calibration benchmark reported ECE 0.0730 and Brier 0.0252; the author notes this shows consistency with proxy labels, not correctness about the world.",
        "The unit test suite reached 93.08 measured coverage."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "daf-jev layered Python client for the System One endpoint — Implements typed builders (noul, choice, score), sync/async clients with a pure retry policy, and a typed exception hierarchy over one HTTP endpoint.",
        "Pure-function decision patterns and a concurrent batch Evaluator — composite_score, confidence_gate, and route/pick turn typed answers into decisions locally; the Evaluator runs a fixed question set over many states without aborting on failures.",
        "Live-API batching benchmark at batch widths 5, 10, and 20 — Compares one batched call against sequential single-question calls on the jev-latest model, recording wall time and token totals.",
        "Self-consistency calibration benchmark (6 states × 5 repeats) — Scores choice answers against the modal choice across repeats and noul answers by pairwise stability, computing ECE and Brier score without external ground truth.",
        "No-mock test suite and hash-manifested documentation snapshot — Unit tests drive the real transport against a local HTTP server; model claims are grounded in a 108-page hashed snapshot of the vendor documentation."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "paired publication"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_JevPractice/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_JevPractice/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_JevPractice/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026GreenLineCapacityUnder220": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026GreenLineCapacityUnder220",
      "abstract": "A capacity-under-development instrument: the green line of the docxology line-set. It records what is deliberately still being learned — apprenticeships, skills not yet mastered — with marker/counter-signal staging, and reads declared growth records against a versioned registry. Observations phrased as certification or credential language are staged aside with a note, never scored. It measures what is still growing — never competence, mastery, or virtue. Code and prose are Apache-2.0 licensed. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "governance",
        "apprenticeship",
        "growth records",
        "capacity under development",
        "open science"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "A read returns one of four staged statuses describing marker coverage at a review date, explicitly not competence, mastery or permission.",
        "In the worked example, one applied record reads STAGED and the rest NEEDS_MARKER, so the overall status is NEEDS_MARKER.",
        "Adding a 'certified as expert' observation leaves the read unchanged because certification language is staged aside rather than scored.",
        "The author states the limit that a read describes marker declarations, not verified practice or skill growth.",
        "The author notes counter-signal detection is lexical, so an innocently phrased resume-shaped record passes intake."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Three-stage read: intake, tag-intersection matching, status projection — Self-declared observations are normalized fail-closed, matched to growth records whose tags intersect the attempt's tags, then projected into present/missing/stale marker surfaces.",
        "Formal definitions of growth records, freshness windows and aggregation — Defines growth records, cultivation attempts, freshness relative to a review date and window, a finding rule, and an aggregation rule over four statuses.",
        "Lexical counter-signal staging of certification/credential language — Observations labeled with certification, credential or resume language are set aside with a note and not counted toward any marker surface.",
        "Canonical serialization pinned by SHA-256 digests (pure stdlib package) — Each read is a pure function of attempt, registry and review config, serialized canonically and pinned by a SHA-256 digest of reading and registry."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "active inference",
        "governance",
        "apprenticeship",
        "growth records",
        "capacity under development",
        "open science"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_GreenLine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_GreenLine/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_GreenLine/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026BlueLineStewardshipInstrument221": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026BlueLineStewardshipInstrument221",
      "abstract": "A stewardship instrument for maintained commitments: systems, obligations, and relationships to past work. It reads a declared file of commitments against a versioned registry and returns a fail-closed declaration-coverage verdict (MAINTAINED, NEEDS_ATTENTION, STALE, OUTSIDE_SCOPE) over the care signals each commitment requires. It measures whether the care a steward declared was fresh at the review date — never whether the care happened; a MAINTAINED verdict is not a warranty, SLA, availability guarantee, or proof of maintenance, and it never authorizes an action. License: Apache-2.0. See LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "stewardship",
        "maintenance",
        "line set",
        "accountability"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "An empty scan set (no matching commitment or unreadable file) returns OUTSIDE_SCOPE with notes and never yields MAINTAINED.",
        "The stated staleness-monotonicity property holds that the stale set is always a subset of the missing set.",
        "The verdict is a declaration-coverage statement, explicitly not a warranty, SLA, availability guarantee or proof of maintenance.",
        "The author notes the instrument only reads declarations and does not inspect repositories, run checks or contact anyone; the freshness window is a policy constant, not empirical."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Versioned registry of twelve commitments with SHA-256 digest pinning — Commitments are frozen records (id, title, wire, tags, required care signals, kind) whose sorted canonical form is hashed and pinned in every reading.",
        "Staged, fail-closed intake normalization of declared files — Declared files are normalized; malformed tags or undated signals are set aside as intake notes rather than causing crashes or invented values.",
        "Freshness-window evaluation into MAINTAINED / NEEDS_ATTENTION / STALE — Required signals of tag-matched commitments are compared with signals declared within a freshness window (180 days by default) to assign a verdict.",
        "Formal definition of readings, commitments and fresh sets — A reading is formalised as a tuple and properties (fail-closed, staleness monotonicity, digest pinning) are stated.",
        "Worked examples: maintained quarter, stale repository, unmatched scan — Three illustrative declared files show the verdicts the instrument returns; these are examples, not an empirical evaluation."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "stewardship",
        "maintenance",
        "line set",
        "accountability"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_BlueLine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_BlueLine/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_BlueLine/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026VioletLineConsentLedger222": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026VioletLineConsentLedger222",
      "abstract": "A consent-ledger instrument for projects. It maintains a ledger of the parties a project affects and what they actually recorded at a review date; absence of consent is recorded — the UNRECORDED state — never inferred from silence, absence, or convenience. An executable review returns one of three verdicts (ACCOUNTED, UNACCOUNTED, OUT_OF_SCOPE); an ACCOUNTED reading never authorizes an action, a release, or a use outside the scope a party named. Subtitle: Absence of consent recorded, never inferred Apache-2.0 licensed; see LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "consent",
        "affected parties",
        "research ethics",
        "governance"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "In the worked interview example, one UNRECORDED moderator entry causes the review to return UNACCOUNTED, with absence recorded rather than inferred.",
        "Empty, fully set-aside, or unscorable inputs return UNACCOUNTED with a note rather than raising an exception or a fabricated value.",
        "No verdict, including ACCOUNTED, grants or implies permission; it describes ledger coverage only.",
        "The author notes the instrument cannot verify that a recorded state was given honestly, freely, or recently, and that ACCOUNTED is coverage, not safety."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Per-project consent ledger with four recorded states — Defines a ledger of (party, state, scope, date) records where absence of consent is represented only by an explicit UNRECORDED state.",
        "Staged, fail-closed intake with set-aside codes — Intake dispositions every submitted record as KEPT or one of four set-aside codes with a preserving note, never dropping or inventing states.",
        "Tag-matched rule registry producing three verdicts — Versioned consent rules are matched to projects by declared tags and scored against the kept ledger to yield ACCOUNTED, UNACCOUNTED, or OUT_OF_SCOPE.",
        "Formal definitions and propositions bound to tests — States the instrument's behaviour as definitions and propositions (non-permission, fail-closed, declines persist, scope travels) linked to a claim-ledger test.",
        "Worked example reviews — Illustrates behaviour with a community interview study, a fully set-aside submission, and an out-of-scope project."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "consent",
        "affected parties",
        "research ethics",
        "governance"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_VioletLine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_VioletLine/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_VioletLine/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026SilverLineMemorySuccession223": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026SilverLineMemorySuccession223",
      "abstract": "A memory-and-succession instrument in the docxology line set. It reads a declared succession picture — what is preserved, what is entrusted to whom, what is allowed to lapse — and returns a verdict about declared provision and review gaps, pinned to a registry digest. A KEPT verdict describes declared custody at a review date; it is never permission and never a promise that anything survives. Subtitle: What is preserved, what is entrusted to whom, what is allowed to lapse Code is MIT licensed; see LICENSE in the repository.",
      "keywords": [
        "memory",
        "succession",
        "active inference",
        "declared custody",
        "review gaps"
      ],
      "findings": [
        "On the worked lab-archive example, the reading returns NEEDS_PROVISION, while the empty-registry control fails closed.",
        "The formalism states that an empty scan set yields OUTSIDE_SCOPE with an intake note, and an unscorable registry yields NEEDS_REWORK with no findings.",
        "A gap on a lapse-accepted keepsake is treated as a declared release (NEEDS_PROVISION), not a defect.",
        "The paper limits verdicts to declaration coverage: it does not verify labels are real, judge quality, or guarantee survival."
      ],
      "methods": [
        "Keepsake registry with retention, restraint and lapse families — Declares kept items in a registry that carries restraint and lapse families alongside retention, so lapse is part of the declaration.",
        "Staged intake that sets aside malformed content with a note — Normalizes each declared succession item at intake; malformed content is noted and set aside rather than crashing or being repaired.",
        "Tag-intersection matching and present/missing evidence-label split — Matches keepsakes to items by intersecting tags, then splits each keepsake's required evidence labels into present and missing.",
        "Verdict pinned to ISO review date and SHA-256 registry digest — Each succession reading's verdict is tied to the review date and a SHA-256 digest of the keepsake registry that produced it.",
        "Worked example envelope: small lab-archive succession — Runs the reading on a worked JSON example with one declared record, a named custodian and a partial evidence set, plus an empty-registry control."
      ],
      "concepts": [
        "memory",
        "succession",
        "active inference",
        "declared custody",
        "review gaps"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "methods": "papers/2026_SilverLine/metadata.json",
        "findings": "papers/2026_SilverLine/metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_SilverLine/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {
        "source": "full_text.md",
        "date": "2026-10-01",
        "work_kind": "software/methods"
      }
    },
    "Friedman2026CoordinatingFieldCaseEcosystem224": {
      "citation_key": "Friedman2026CoordinatingFieldCaseEcosystem224",
      "abstract": "Active inference is approaching a critical developmental juncture. The theoretical framework has matured substantially over the past decade, and applications are emerging across domains from clinical medicine to autonomous systems. Implementations now exist in more than one language and institutional setting, and domain communities have begun to form. The field has not yet established a coordinated developmental infrastructure of the kind that has distinguished scaling fields from those that plateau. This paper reviews the historical record of roadmapping and working-group coordination across fifteen cases, and seven cases in which coordination gaps appear to have contributed to developmental limitations. Those histories are directly instructive for design. They show how independent convening, named objects of work, and public outputs have been associated with durable field-level coordination, and how the absence of those features has been associated with fragmentation, expectation-reality gaps, and delayed recovery. The paper proposes that community working groups, convened by the Active Inference Institute, are a useful and appropriate form for the next stage of that work. Year one forms the groups, agrees on a shared assessment framework, and runs initial assessments. Year two proposes domain roadmapping as the next step, decided group by group. The Field Working Group holds a terminology correspondence matrix, a comparison protocol for existing implementations, and the shared assessment framework. Domain working groups produce literacy materials, an initial self-assessment, and a published go/no-go. All interested parties are invited to the Charter Development Session at the Sixth Annual Applied Active Inference Symposium in November 2026. All updated information on the Call for Working Groups, Charter, Operating procedures, and more, are available at https://github.com/ActiveInferenceInstitute/Working_Groups/ . You can also access these documents on the AII website at: http://www.activeinference.institute/working-groups",
      "keywords": [
        "active inference",
        "free energy principle",
        "technology roadmapping",
        "working groups",
        "research coordination",
        "community governance",
        "Active Inference Institute"
      ],
      "findings": [],
      "methods": [],
      "concepts": [
        "active inference",
        "free energy principle",
        "technology roadmapping",
        "working groups",
        "research coordination",
        "community governance",
        "Active Inference Institute"
      ],
      "sources": {
        "abstract": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "keywords": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
        "concepts": "papers/2026_CoordinatingField/SKILL.md"
      },
      "source": "papers/paper_metadata.json",
      "abstract_provenance": {},
      "summary_provenance": {}
    }
  }
}
